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3rd International Symposium on parallel and Distributed processing and Applications, ISPA 2005

作者： Yang, Chao-Tung Shih, Po-Chi Lin, Cheng-Fang Hsu, Ching-Hsien Li, Kuan-Ching High Performance Computing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tunghai University Taichung 40704 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Parallel and Distributed Processing Center Department of Computer Science and Information Management Providence University Taichung 43301 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)3540297693

In order to identify and schedule jobs that are suitable for determined resources, an execution time estimation model is required. In this paper, it is described a Chronological history-based execution time estimation model to predict current execution time, according to the previous execution results. We built a heterogeneous computational Grid environment using Globus Toolkit, and our research is focused in Grid computing environments and to execute parallel jobs on multiple resources by measuring its accuracy. The experimental results shown that our model can accurately predict the execution time of embarrassingly parallel applications. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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Visuel: A novel performance monitoring and analysis toolkit for cluster and grid environments

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6th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for parallel processing, ICA3PP

作者： Li, Kuan-Ching Cheng, Hsiang-Yao Yang, Chao-Tung Hsu, Ching-Hsien Wang, Hsiao-Hsi Hsu, Chia-Wen Hung, Sheng-Shiang Chang, Chia-Fu Liu, Chun-Chieh Pan, Yu-Hwa Parallel and Distributed Processing Center Department of Computer Science and Information Management Providence University Taichung 43301 Taiwan High Performance Computing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tunghai University Taichung 40704 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)3540292357

The computing power provided by high performance low-cost PC-based Cluster and Grid platforms are attractive, and they are equal or superior to supercomputers and mainframes widely available. In this research paper, we present the design rationale and implementation of Visuel, a toolkit for performance measurement and analysis of MPI parallel programs and real time resources monitoring in cluster and grid computing environments. The proposed toolkit is web-based interface to show performance activities of all computing nodes involved in the execution of a MPI parallel program, such as CPU and memory usage levels of each computing node, and monitors all computing nodes of a computing platform by displaying real time performance data. In addition, this toolkit is able to display comparative performance data charts of multiple executions of MPI parallel application under investigation, which facilitates the "what-if" analysis. The usage of this toolkit shows that it outperforms in easing the process of investigation of parallel applications. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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Shot boundary classification and refinement using inter-frame similarity patterns

Shot boundary classification and refinement using inter-fram...

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2005 Fifth International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal processing

作者： Yang, Linjun Lu, Hong Wang, Bei Xue, Xiangyang Tan, Yap-Peng Intelligent Information Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)0780392833

In content-based video analysis, shot boundary detection (SBD) is a common first step to segment a video into fundamental units of shots, each composing consecutive frames filmed with a single camera act. Many methods have been proposed in the literature for SBD, and many require the use of different models to determine the types of various shot boundaries. In this paper, we propose a new and effective shot boundary classification (SBC) and refinement method by analyzing the inter-frame similarity patterns around the detected shot boundaries. In particular, the proposed method can classify the detected shot boundaries into five types - shot cuts, wipes, dissolves, fades, and non-boundaries - using a more generic and accurate manner, and the non-boundaries obtained in the classification can be used to refine the SBD results by eliminating the false detections to attain a better detection performance, as evidenced by the experimental results presented. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Video streaming

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Sustained petaflop and beyond: can parallel computing systems meet the challenges?

Sustained petaflop and beyond: can parallel computing system...

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International Symposium on parallel and Distributed processing (IPDPS)

作者： G.R. Gao Computer Architecture and Parallel System Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware USA

Summary form is only given. Breakthrough-quality scientific discoveries in the new millennium (such as those expected in computation biology and others), along with optimal engineering designs, have created a demand for High-End Computing (HEC) systems with sustained performance requirements at a petaflop scale and beyond. Despite the very pessimistic (if not negative) views on parallel computing systems that have prevailed in 1990s, there seems to be no other viable alternatives for such HEC systems. In this talk, we present a fresh look at the problems facing the design of petascale parallel computing systems. We review several fundamental issues that such HEC parallel computing systems must resolve. These issues include: execution models that support dynamic and adaptive multithreading, fine-grain synchronization, and global name-space and memory consistency. Related issues in parallel programming, dynamic compilation models, and system software design will also be discussed. Present solutions and future direction will be discussed based on (1) application demand (e.g. computation biology and others), (2) the recent trend as demonstrated by the HTMT, HPCS, and the Blue-Gene Cyclops (e.g. Cyclops-64) architectures, and (3) a historical perspective on influential models such as dataflow, along with concepts learned from these models.

关键词： parallel processing Biological system modeling computer architecture Biology computing computer science Concurrent computing High performance computing System software Application software Bioinformatics

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Feature selection: We've barely scratched the surface

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IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2005年第6期20卷 74-76页

作者： Forman, G Hewlett-Packard Labs. United States Arizona State University United States Department of Electrical Engineering United States Genomic Signal Processing Laboratory Texas A and M University United States Computational Biology Division Translational Genomics Resesarch Insititute Phoenix United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University United States Motorola Labs. Intel Genomics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory United States Life Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory United States Neurogenomics Division Translational Genomics Research Institute United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Fulton School of Engineering Arizona State University United States Department of Computer Science University of New York Binghamton United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Arizona State University United States

Various feature selection techniques were studied. The trend toward richer data types is pushing feature selection in both scale and complexity. Natural language text features and image features are becoming commonplace. Several trends will increase the demand for feature selection. Time plays an additional role in some nonstationary domains where the best features have a seasonal dependency.

关键词： Feature extraction

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An over-complete independent component analysis (ICA) approach to magnetic resonance image analysis

An over-complete independent component analysis (ICA) approa...

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2005 27th Annual International Conference of the engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE-EMBS 2005

作者： Wang, Jing Chang, Chein-I. Chen, Hsiang Ming Chen, Clayton Chi-Chang Chai, Jyh Wen Ouyang, Yen-Chieh Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Radiology Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0780387406

This paper presents a new application of independent component analysis (ICA) in magnetic resonance (MR) image analysis. One of most successful applications for ICA-based approaches in MR imaging is functional MRI (fMRI) which basically deals with one-dimensional temporal signals. The ICA approach proposed in this paper is rather different and considers a set of MR images acquired by different pulse sequences as a 3-dimensional image cube and performs image analysis rather than signal analysis. One major difference between the fMRI-based ICA approaches and our proposed ICA-based image analysis is that the ICA used in the former is under-complete as opposed to the latter which uses over-complete ICA. Such a fundamental difference results in completely different applications. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Implementing an efficient encryption block for MPEG video streams

Implementing an efficient encryption block for MPEG video st...

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International Symposium on Electronics in Marine (ELMAR)

作者： M.N. Bojnordi M.R. Hashemi S.O. Fatemi University of Tehran Tehran Tehran IR Multimedia Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Multimedia Processing Laboratory Tehran Iran

Considering the typically large data size and real time constraints of most multimedia contents, specially video, current encryption algorithms developed to secure text data are not applicable. Several video encryption methods have been proposed in the literature, but most methods are either too complicated for a real time hardware implementation, or are not secure enough. In this paper a new video cipher/decipher scheme for MPEG video streams has been proposed. The proposed architecture has been implemented in VHDL and tested with MPEG-4 streams. Simulation results indicate that the hardware implementation complexity of the proposed stream cipher is just %2 and %13 of the AES and TDES methods respectively. The computational complexity required to break the cipher is in the order of 2 63

关键词： Cryptography Streaming media Hardware Video compression Testing MPEG 4 Standard Computational complexity Information security Laboratories computer architecture

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Design of fast algorithms for pixel purity index for endmember extraction in hyperspectral imagery

Design of fast algorithms for pixel purity index for endmemb...

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Annual Conference 2005 - Geospatial Goes Global: From Your Neighborhood to the Whole Planet

作者： Chaudhry, Farzeen Chakravarty, Sumit Plaza, Antonio Chang, Chein-I. Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory University of Maryland Baltimore MD 21250 United States Computer Science Department University of Extremadura Avda. de la Universidad s/n 10.071 Caceres Spain

ISBN: (纸本)1570830762

This paper presents new fast algorithms to improve the widely used endmember extraction algorithm, called pixel purity index (PPI) and also modify a revised version of PPI, called block of skewers (BOS) method. Since both the PPI and the BOS method suffer from same drawbacks in implementation, our proposed algorithms are designed to mitigate these dilemmas by introducing a newly developed concept, called virtual dimensionality (VD) and a process that can automatically determine a set of endmembers without appealing for parameters used in the PPI and BOS method. As a result, two modified PPI and BOSPPI algorithms are developed. Unlike the PPI and BOS method, the two new algorithms are iterative and provide stopping rules to automatically extract endmembers without manually selecting endmembers. The experimental study shows that the MPPI performs better than the PPI not only in computational complexity, but also in stability and performance, and the MBOSPPI could perform better than the BOS method if the blocks of skewers are properly designed. © 2005 by the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Characterization of a cascade LMS predictor

Characterization of a cascade LMS predictor

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2005 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing, ICASSP '05

作者： Huang, D.Y. Su, X. Nallanathan, A. Multimedia Signal Processing Laboratory Media Division Institute for Infocomm Research 21 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119613 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 119260 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)0780388747

In this paper, an FIR cascade structure for adaptive linear prediction is studied in which each stage FIR filter is independently adapted using LMS algorithm. The theoretical analysis shows that the cascade performs a linear prediction in a way of successive refinement and each stage tries to obliterate the dominant mode of its input. Experimental results show that the performance of the cascade LMS predictor are in good agreement with our theoretical analysis. ©2005 IEEE.

关键词： Signal filtering and prediction

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Using a free-parts representation for visual speech recognition

Using a free-parts representation for visual speech recognit...

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Digital Imaging Computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA 2005

作者： Lucey, Patrick Lucey, Simon Sridharan, Sridha Speech Audio Image and Video Research Laboratory Queensland University of Technology GPO Box 2424 Brisbane 4001 Australia Advanced Multimedia Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769524672

Motivated by the success of free-parts based representations in face recognition, we have attempted to address some of the problems associated with applying such a philosophy to the task of speaker-independent visual speech recognition. A major problem with canonical area-based approaches in automatic visual speech recognition is the dependence these approaches have on locating and tracking the speaker's region of interest (ROI) correctly. By employing a free-parts representation, we assume that the position/structure of patches within the mouth image can be relaxed so they can "freely" move to varying extents, hence reducing the influence of the front-end effect. In this paper, we show that by using a free-parts representation we gain some robustness against the problem of ROI localisation and tracking compared to current area-based feature extraction techniques such as the discrete cosine transform (DCT). Also in this paper, we expose the importance of representation for the task of visual speech recognition highlighted by the poor results current representations yield. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Speech recognition

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