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Data management for large‐scale scientific computations in high performance distributed systems

Cluster Computing 2000年第1期3卷 45-60页

作者： Choudhary, A. Kandemir, M. No, J. Memik, G. Shen, X. Liao, W. Nagesh, H. More, S. Taylor, V. Thakur, R. Stevens, R. Center for Parallel and Distributed Computing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Evanston USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park USA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne USA

With the increasing number of scientific applications manipulating huge amounts of data, effective high-level data management is an increasingly important problem. Unfortunately, so far the solutions to the high‐level data management problem either require deep understanding of specific storage architectures and file layouts (as in high-performance file storage systems) or produce unsatisfactory I/O performance in exchange for ease-of-use and portability (as in relational DBMSs). In this paper we present a novel application development environment which is built around an active meta-data management system (MDMS) to handle high-level data in an effective manner. The key components of our three-tiered architecture are user application, the MDMS, and a hierarchical storage system (HSS). Our environment overcomes the performance problems of pure database-oriented solutions, while maintaining their advantages in terms of ease-of-use and portability. The high levels of performance are achieved by the MDMS, with the aid of user-specified, performance-oriented directives. Our environment supports a simple, easy-to-use yet powerful user interface, leaving the task of choosing appropriate I/O techniques for the application at hand to the MDMS. We discuss the importance of an active MDMS and show how the three components of our environment, namely the application, the MDMS, and the HSS, fit together. We also report performance numbers from our ongoing implementation and illustrate that significant improvements are made possible without undue programming effort.

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Separation of twins fetal ECG by means of blind source separation (BSS)

Separation of twins fetal ECG by means of blind source separ...

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IEEE Convention of the electrical and ELectronic Engineers in Israel

作者： A. Kam A. Cohen Singal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beersheba Israel

ISBN: (纸本)0780358422

The maternal ECG (MECG) is the main source of interference in fetal ECG (FECG) monitoring. The MECG is detected at all electrodes placed on the mother's skin (thoracic and abdominal). In the case of multi-fetal pregnancies the traditional adaptive filtering technique provides a "maternal clean" signal consisting of the two fetal ECG signals. It cannot however provide the desired individual FECG. The work reported here suggests the use of the blind source separation (BSS) algorithm to deal with the problem. Simulation studies show that the BSS algorithm can perform a separation of twins' FECG. Real signals were recorded from pregnant women at their 28-30/sup th/ week of pregnancy, carrying 2-3 fetuses. The noise was found to be too strong for the algorithm (and the naked eye) to notice any fetal heart signal.

关键词： Electrocardiography Blind source separation Pregnancy Source separation Interference Monitoring Electrodes Skin Abdomen Adaptive filters

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Match filter bound analysis used to evaluate range increase provided by an adaptive antenna array

Match filter bound analysis used to evaluate range increase ...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： I. Howitt Wireless & Signal Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department University of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA

An analytical approach is developed for evaluating the expected range increase and variations in coverage range, while using an M-element adaptive antenna array at the base station (BS). The analysis is based on the match filter bound an the bit error rate probability for a frequency non-selective Rayleigh fading channel. Results for a ten element uniform linear array (ULA) indicate the expected range increase over a BS with only a single antenna can be nearly doubled. A 1.6 to 1.7 increase is also likely with a five-element array.

关键词： Adaptive arrays Adaptive filters Matched filters Antenna arrays Linear antenna arrays Base stations Frequency Fading Wireless LAN Diversity methods

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parallel implementation of multifilters

Parallel implementation of multifilters

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： N. Damera-Venkata B.L. Evans Embedded Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

A multifilter is a filter with matrix-valued coefficients, and is used in the processing of vector-valued signals, e.g. color images. Convolution becomes a vector sum of matrix-vector multiplication. In this paper, we efficiently implement a multifilter as a parallel combination of scalar filters. Each scalar filter works on one component of the input vector signal, which increases processing speed by the dimension of the vector-valued signal. This means that by using N processors, the throughput is increased by a factor of N while the total memory usage remains unchanged. We also present a frequency-domain analysis of the filtering.

关键词： Filter bank Signal processing Digital signal processing Convolution Color Concurrent computing Laboratories Embedded computing Frequency domain analysis Filtering

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Capacity enhancement based on using adaptive antenna arrays optimized for trunking efficiency

Capacity enhancement based on using adaptive antenna arrays ...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： I. Howitt F.H. Awad Wireless & Signal Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department University of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA

Cellular systems using adaptive antennas for spatial processing have been shown to provide an increase in capacity. When employing adaptive antennas, the standard approach to achieve capacity gain has been to maximize the link quality between the mobile and base station via optimum combining. This paper presents an alternative optimization approach based on optimizing the adaptive antenna array to maximize the trunking efficiency, of which the effect was subsequently an outstanding issue. Monte Carlo simulations, substantiated with theoretical analysis, were used to evaluate this issue. Based on the analysis, the proposed approach could increase the capacity by 2 to 4 times.

关键词： Adaptive arrays Antenna arrays Traffic control Phased arrays Telecommunication traffic Mobile antennas Base stations Analytical models Speech analysis Loaded antennas

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Comparison of techniques for estimating the frequency selectivity of bandlimited channels

Comparison of techniques for estimating the frequency select...

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IEEE Region 10 International Conference TENCON

作者： A.Z. Sha'ameri Digital Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Johor Malaysia

A transmission channel used in application such as telecommunications can be modeled as a bandpass filter. Measurement of the frequency selectivity of the channel is important to ensure that the information-bearing signal has minimal distortion and loss of information. A comparison is made for several methods used for estimating the frequency selectivity of the transmission. The methods presented are the correlation method, instantaneous energy and frequency estimation and the cross Wigner-Ville distribution. The theoretical foundations and assumptions are described for each method. In general, all the methods gave similar performance in terms of the frequency selectivity. Due to the shorter analysis duration, both the instantaneous energy and frequency estimation and cross Wigner-Ville distribution is ideal for estimating the frequency selectivity of time-varying channels.

关键词： Frequency estimation Correlation Autocorrelation Linear systems Finite impulse response filter Nonlinear filters Band pass filters Binary sequences Linear feedback shift registers Chebyshev approximation

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Moving object segmentation based on human visual sensitivity 1st

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1st IEEE International Workshop on Biologically Motivated computer Vision, BMCV 2000

作者： Yoon, Kuk-Jin Kweon, In-So Kim, Chang-Yeong Seo, Yang-Seok Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KAIST 373-1 Kusong-dong Yusong-ku Taejon305-701 Korea Republic of Signal Processing Laboratory Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology P.O. Box 111 Suwon440-660 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)3540675604

The edge and motion are the main features that human visual system (HVS) perceives intensively. This paper proposes an algorithm for the segmentation of the moving object with accurate boundary using color and motion focusing on the HVS perception in the general image sequence. The proposed algorithm is composed of three parts: color segmentation, motion analysis, and region refinement and merging part. In the color segmentation phase, K-Means algorithm is used in consideration of the sensitivity of the human color perception to get the boundaries that HVS perceives. The global and local motion estimation are performed in parallel with color analysis. After that, Bayesian clustering using color and motion provides more accurate boundary. In the final stage, regions are merged taking into account their motion. The experimental results of the proposed algorithm show the accurate moving object boundary coinciding with the boundary that HVS perceives. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000.

关键词： Color

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Multimodality image registration and fusion using neural network

Multimodality image registration and fusion using neural net...

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： M.G. Mostafa A.A. Farag E. Essock Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Department of Psychology University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

Multi-modality image registration and fusion are essential steps in building 3D models from remote sensing data. In this paper, we present a neural network technique for the registration and fusion of multi-modality remote sensing data for the reconstruction of 3D models of terrain regions. A feedforward neural network is used to fuse the intensity data sets with the spatial data set after learning its geometry. Results on real data are presented. Human performance evaluation is assessed on several perceptual tests in order to evaluate the fusion results.

关键词： Image registration Neural networks Hyperspectral sensors Remote sensing Image reconstruction Geometry Remote monitoring Intelligent sensors Satellites Laser radar

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Embedded coding of stereo images

Embedded coding of stereo images

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IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： N.V. Boulgouris M.G. Strintzis Information Processing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Informatics and Telematics Institute Thessaloniki Greece

We propose a novel algorithm for embedded stereoscopic image coding based on the hierarchical decomposition of stereo information. The proposed scheme is endowed with excellent progressive transmission capability and retains the option for perfect reconstruction of the original image pair. Experimental evaluation shows that the resulting method produces comparable results with a previously proposed algorithm for progressive stereo image coding.

关键词： Image coding Filter bank Image resolution Layout Information processing Laboratories Telematics Streaming media Image reconstruction Image representation

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A rate-distortion approach to wavelet-based encoding of predictive error frames

A rate-distortion approach to wavelet-based encoding of pred...

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IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： E. Asbun P. Salama E.J. Delp Video and Image Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue School of Engineering and Technology Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN USA

We develop a framework for efficiently encoding predictive error frames (PEF) as part of a rate scalable, wavelet-based video compression algorithm. We investigate the use of rate-distortion analysis to determine the significance of coefficients in the wavelet decomposition. Based on this analysis, we allocate the bit budget assigned to a PEF to the coefficients that yield the largest reduction in distortion, while maintaining the embedded and rate scalable properties of our video compression algorithm.

关键词： Rate-distortion Encoding Image coding Video compression computer errors Redundancy Wavelet analysis Decoding Scalability Transform coding

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