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IEEE SENSORS

作者： Jian Gao Zihao Pu Ruixin Qiu Ying Li Xiulun Yin Kieran Morton Sadan Wani Justin Wyss Michael Steszyn Ryusuke Ishizaki Fumiya Hamatsu Takeshi Ohsato John D.W. Madden Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Advanced Material Processing Engineering Laboratory University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada i-generator Portland USA Frontier Robotics Honda R&D Co. Ltd Saitama Japan

Foot plantar force monitoring has been explored using in-shoe soft insole measurements for application in diabetic foot and to assess footwear performance. Sensors are impractical for regular use due to bulky electronics and short battery life. They typically lack shear sensing. A soft flexible and custom configurable 3-axis capacitive sensing array is demonstrated through a customizable arrangement of 16-shear and normal force taxels completely imbedded in a shoe insole that wirelessly updates at 50 $\mathrm{n}_{2}$ . A patterned silicone dielectric mounted on a flex printed circuit board enables normal and shear sensitivities of 19.9 and 2.8 $\text{kPa}^{-1}$ . The 20 $\text{mW}$ power consumption includes transmission of data to a nearby mobile device, which is satisfied for more than 50 hours using a built-in 350 mAh LiPo battery. Operation in a shoe is demonstrated.

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Joint Beamforming Optimization and Mode Selection for RDARS-Aided MIMO Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jintao Ma, Chengzhi Gong, Shiqi Yang, Xi Ma, Shaodan State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau China School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronic Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai200241 China

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has emerged as a cost-effective solution for green communications in 6G. However, its further extensive use has been greatly limited due to its fully passive characteristics. Considering the appealing distribution gains of distributed antenna systems (DAS), a flexible reconfigurable architecture called reconfigurable distributed antenna and reflecting surface (RDARS) is proposed. RDARS encompasses DAS and RIS as two special cases and maintains the advantages of distributed antennas while reducing the hardware cost by replacing some active antennas with low-cost passive reflecting surfaces. In this paper, we present a RDARS-aided uplink multi-user communication system and investigate the system transmission reliability with the newly proposed architecture. Specifically, in addition to the distribution gain and the reflection gain provided by the connection and reflection modes, respectively, we also consider the dynamic mode switching of each element which introduces an additional degree of freedom (DoF) and thus results in a selection gain. As such, we aim to minimize the total sum mean-square-error (MSE) of all data streams by jointly optimizing the receive beamforming matrix, the reflection phase shifts and the channel-aware placement of elements in the connection mode. To tackle this nonconvex problem with intractable binary and cardinality constraints, we propose an inexact block coordinate descent (BCD) based penalty dual decomposition (PDD) algorithm with the guaranteed convergence. Since the PDD algorithm usually suffers from high computational complexity, a low-complexity greedy-search-based alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is developed to yield a semi-closed-form solution with acceptable performance. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed architecture compared to the conventional fully passive RIS or DAS. Furthermore, some insights about the practical implementation of RDARS are provided

关键词： Mean square error

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RDVC: Efficient Deep Video Compression with Regulable Rate and Complexity Optimization

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Wei, Xiaojie Lin, Jielian Xu, Jiawei Gao, Wei Zhao, Tiesong Putian University School of Mechanical Electrical & Information Engineering PutianFujian China Shenzhen Graduate School Peking University School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Shenzhen518055 China Fuzhou University Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou350108 China Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou350108 China Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China

Deep video coding has paved a way to break through the performance bottleneck of reigning hybrid video coding. However, unlike hybrid video codecs, existing deep video codecs cannot offer both flexible rates and regulable complexities within one single codec, which limits their applications. In this paper, we propose a Regulable Deep Video Codec (RDVC) to address the above issue. First, we propose an Adaptive Feature Compression (AFC) network that generates variable rates while ensuring Rate-Distortion (RD) performance. The network introduces a two-stage coarse-to-fine rate adjustment that can be controlled by a user-specified rate level. Second, we propose a Spatio-Temporal Feature Propagation (STFP) mechanism to provide high-quality reference information for AFC process. Third, we also utilize slimmable convolutional components in our framework to adjust decoding complexity constrained by user configuration. Experimental results demonstrate that RDVC can adjust the codec structure flexibly according to different user configurations while maintaining advanced performance. On average, it reduces the bit-per-pixel (bpp) by 9.35%/58.12% while maintaining the same PSNR/MS-SSIM as the reference software VTM-13.2. Sourcecode is available at: https://***/WXJ0001/RDVC. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Signal distortion

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Real-Time Fault Detection and Diagnosis Method for Industrial Chemical Tennessee Eastman Process

Real-Time Fault Detection and Diagnosis Method for Industria...

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International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)

作者： Khadija Attouri Majdi Mansouri Mansour Hajji Abdelmalek Kouadri Kais Bouzrara Hazem Nounou Institut Superieur des Sciences Appliques et de Technologie de Kasserine Kairouan University Tunisia The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar Signals and Systems Laboratory Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering University M Hamed Bougara of Boumerdes Boumerdes Algeria The Research Laboratory of Automation Signal Processing and Image National Engineering School of Monastir Tunisia

ISBN: (数字)9798350373974

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373981

The accurate detection and diagnosis of faults are critical for maintaining optimal operation and ensuring the reliability of industrial processes. Notably, the topic of online fault detection and diagnosis has recently presented a significant challenge. This work mainly deploys a neural network technique for the comprehensive detection and diagnosis of faults within the Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) on a low-computational power system, the Raspberry Pi board. The devolved methodology showcases a remarkable level of accuracy (94.50%) in diagnosing the various TEP faults, affirming its robustness and effectiveness. To elevate the practical applicability of the proposed approach, a meticulous investigation into the implementation of the suggested approach on a Raspberry Pi 4 card was undertaken. The successful realization of this implementation not only highlights the adaptability of the approach but also paves the way for its seamless integration into practical industrial applications.

关键词： Accuracy Embedded systems Fault detection Neural networks electrical fault detection Real-time systems Robustness Power system reliability Information technology Chemicals

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Real-Time Fault Detection Scheme for Industrial Chemical Tennessee Eastman Process

Real-Time Fault Detection Scheme for Industrial Chemical Ten...

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International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)

ISBN: (数字)9798350373974

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373981

The key idea behind this study is to integrate a moving window dynamic PCA (MW-DPCA) methodology for fault detection within the Tennessee Eastman process (TEP) into a low-computational power system, the Raspberry Pi 4 card, for real-time application. Indeed, the paramount importance of real-time fault detection (FD) in intricate industrial processes presents a critical challenge. Various data-driven techniques have been developed to ensure safety, maintain operational stability, and optimize productivity in such processes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a fundamental data-driven technique that utilizes dimensionality reduction to extract the most informative features from high-dimensional data, simplifying analysis and potentially revealing underlying fault patterns. However, PCA primarily focuses on static relationships and may miss crucial temporal dynamics for fault identification. This is where dynamic PCA (DPCA) excels. By incorporating lagged values of variables, DPCA captures the temporal evolution of features, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of process behavior and improving the detection of faults involving dynamic changes. In order to address the stochastic measurements, a moving average filter tool is also employed. The results obtained and the successful realization of this implementation demonstrate the adaptability of the approach and pave the way for its seamless integration into practical industrial applications.

关键词： Fault detection Power system dynamics Power system stability Feature extraction electrical fault detection Real-time systems Stability analysis Robustness Safety Principal component analysis

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Characteristics Fluctuation of Sub-3-nm Bulk FinFET Devices Induced by Random Interface Traps

Characteristics Fluctuation of Sub-3-nm Bulk FinFET Devices ...

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IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology

作者： Sekhar Reddy Kola Min-Hui Chuang Yiming Li Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

Three-dimensional (3D) bulk fin-typed field effect transistors (FinFETs) have emerged as key devices that can scale down the technology node beyond 22-nm. However, the scaled devices have created new sources of fluctuation inherent in 3D geometry. The interface trap is one such fluctuation that is caused by the trapping and de-trapping of charge carriers and has an adverse effect on device characteristics and variability. In this work, we study impacts of random interface traps (RITs) on electrical characteristic of bulk FinFETs by using a 3D quantum-mechanically corrected device simulation. RIT position effects on short channel effects (SCEs) are examined with physical governed influence to show the major fluctuations. More than 50% reductions of the RITs-induced characteristic fluctuation of the germanium (Ge) devices are observed, compared with Si devices. The Ge ones can reduce SCE variations and exhibit high immunity to RITs.

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AI-Based Eye Tracking for Human-computer Interaction

AI-Based Eye Tracking for Human-Computer Interaction

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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： David Sancho Crespo Xinrui Yu Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A E.T.S.I Industriales Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain

ISBN: (数字)9798350330649

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330656

Human-computer interaction (HCI) is a field that has grown enormously in importance in recent times, with the spread of the personal computer. However, HCI devices have had little evolution since their first designs. Prolonged use of the mouse can cause injury or permanent damage to the hands and wrists. So, this paper proposes an alternative to the conventional mouse that does not require the use of hands and works only with a webcam. A program has been developed that performs all the functions of the mouse based on the image of the user's face captured by the camera. The cursor moves to the position of the screen where the user is looking at in real time, while the rest of the functionalities such as clicks and scrolling are controlled with facial commands, such as winking or tilting the head. To implement these functions, several tools based on artificial intelligence have been used, such as a facial landmark detector, a gaze vector estimator, and a fully connected multilayer neural network.

关键词： Wrist Webcams Tracking Neural networks Nose Nonhomogeneous media Vectors

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Uncertain Fault Diagnosis of Grid-Connected PV Systems based Improved Data-Driven Paradigms 19

Uncertain Fault Diagnosis of Grid-Connected PV Systems based...

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19th IEEE International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices, SSD 2022

作者： Dhibil, Khaled Mansouri, Majdi Bouzrara, Kais Nounou, Hazem Nounou, Mohamed National Engineering School of Monastir Research Laboratory of Automation Signal Processing and Image 5019 Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha23874 Qatar Prince Sultan Univer-sity Department of Mathematics and Sciences Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Program Texas A&m University at Qatar Doha23874 Qatar

ISBN: (数字)9781665471084

ISBN: (纸本)9781665471084

The main idea behind this work is to diagnose Grid-Connected Photovoltaic (PV) systems. The uncertainty was treated by using the interval-valued data representation. The main interventions are threefold: first, interval ensemble techniques based on the combination of several models (SVM, KNN, and tree) into one improved model are proposed in order to isolate the different PV systems operating modes using interval raw data. Then, feature extraction and selection steps are proposed to improve the fault diagnosis results. Therefore, the interval KPCA (IKPCA) method is performed in order to extract and select the important characteristics. The proposed techniques were used to diagnose the GCPV system under different operating modes. The results demonstrated the superiority of the proposed methods. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Pansharpening Methods Based on a Redundant Contourlet Transform

Pansharpening Methods Based on a Redundant Contourlet Transf...

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Earth Observation and Geo-Spatial Information (ICEOGI), International Conference on

作者： Soumeya Ourabia Nadia Baaziz Youcef Smara Departement of Electronics University Center of Tipaza -Morsli Abdelah-Institut of Sciences Laboratory of Image Processing and Radiation -USTHB Tipaza Algeria Department of Computer Science and Engineering Research Laboratory in Multimedia Information University of Quebec in Outaouais - UQO Gatineau Québec Canada Laboratory of Image Processing and Radiation Faculty of electrical engineering University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene -USTHB Algiers Algeria

The pansharpening of high-resolution panchromatic (Pan) image and low-resolution multispectral (MS) images represents an important task in the remote sensing field. It allows the joint exploitation of the information derived from both types of images. However, this may cause a distortion of spectral information or a lack in details and structures. The multiresolution analysis using wavelet transforms has proved its efficiency in the pansharpening domain, due to the representation of the image content over different resolution levels. In image fusion applications, we always need more detail information to be incorporated in the pansharpening procedure in order to produce enhanced results. However, the limitation of the wavelet transform to three types of oriented detail coefficients prevents this need from being met. To overcome this limitation, we propose to use the redundant contourlet transform (RCT) which extracts a richer multiscale directional information from the image. For this purpose, two RCT-based pansharpening methods are introduced and suitable data fusion procedures are described. We conducted several experiments on two different datasets acquired respectively by ALSAT-2A and IKONOS satellites. The visual results as well as quantitative results from evaluation metrics demonstrate the performance of the proposed methods.

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Band Sampling of Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection in Effective Anomaly Space

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2024年 62卷 1-29页

作者： Chang, Chein-I Lin, Chien-Yu Hu, Peter Fuming Information and Technology College Dalian116026 China University of Maryland Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering BaltimoreMD21250 United States National Cheng Kung University Department of Electrical Engineering Tainan70101 Taiwan University of Maryland School of Medicine R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center Shock Trauma Anesthesia Organized Research Center Department of Anesthesia BaltimoreMD21201 United States

This article investigates four issues, background (BKG) suppression (BS), anomaly detectability, noise effect, and interband correlation reduction (IBCR), which have significant impacts on its performance. Despite that a recently developed effective anomaly space (EAS) was designed to use data sphering (DS) to remove the second-order data statistics characterized by BKG, enhance anomaly detectability, and reduce noise effect, it does not address the IBCR issue. To cope with this issue, this article introduces band sampling (BSam) into EAS to reduce IBCR and further suppress BKG more effectively. By implementing EAS in conjunction with BSam (EAS-BSam), these four issues can be resolved altogether for any arbitrary anomaly detector. It first modifies iterative spectral-spatial hyperspectral anomaly detection (ISSHAD) to develop a new variant of ISSHAD, called iterative spectral-spatial maximal map (ISSMax), and then generalizes ISSMax to EAS-ISSMax, which further enhances anomaly detectability and noise removal. Finally, EAS-BSam is implemented to reduce IBCR. As a result, combining EAS, BSam, and ISSMax yields four versions: EAS-BSam, EAS-ISSMax, BSam-SSMAX, and EAS-BSam-SSMax. Such integration presents a great challenge because all these four versions are derived from different aspects, iterative spectral-spatial feedback process, compressive sensing, and low-rank and sparse matrix decomposition. Experiments demonstrate that EAS-BSam and EAS-BSam-SSMax show their superiority to ISSHAD and many current existing hyperspectral anomaly detection (HAD) methods. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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