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High-performance mixed-machine heterogeneous computing

High-performance mixed-machine heterogeneous computing

引用

Euromicro Workshop on parallel and Distributed processing

作者： M. Maheswaran T.D. Braun H.J. Siegel Parallel Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Purdue University System West Lafayette IN US

The focus of this invited keynote paper (to be presented by H.J. Siegel) is mixed-machine heterogeneous computing, where a suite of different kinds of high-performance machines are interconnected by high-speed links. Such a system can be orchestrated to perform an application whose subtasks have diverse execution requirements. Subtasks are assigned to and executed on the machines that will result in a minimal overall execution time for the task, considering factors including inter-machine communication overhead. A conceptual model of the automatic decomposition of tasks and assignment of subtasks is presented. Examples of static and dynamic approaches to the matching and scheduling of subtasks are summarized. Some open research problems are discussed.

关键词： Concurrent computing Processor scheduling Dynamic scheduling Application software computer architecture parallel processing Laboratories Indium tin oxide Subcontracting Heuristic algorithms

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Strings: a high-performance distributed shared memory for symmetrical multiprocessor clusters 98

Strings: a high-performance distributed shared memory for sy...

引用

International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing

作者： S. Roy V. Chaudhary Parallel and Distributed Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Detroit MI USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818685798

Introduces Strings, a high-performance distributed shared memory system designed for clusters of symmetrical multiprocessors (SMPs). The distinguishing feature of this system is the use of a fully multithreaded runtime system, written using POSIX threads. Strings also allows multiple application threads to be run on each node in a cluster. Since most modern UNIX systems can multiplex these threads on kernel-level lightweight processes, applications written using Strings can use all the processors in a SMP machine. This paper describes some of the architectural details of the system and analyzes the performance improvements with two example programs and a few benchmark programs from the SPLASH-2 suite.

关键词： Programming profession Yarn Microprocessors Workstations Sun Concurrent computing Laboratories Fuels Oceans Drugs

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Pixel level interleaving schemes for robust image communication

Pixel level interleaving schemes for robust image communicat...

引用

Reliable Distributed Systems

作者： R. Hasimoto-Beltran A. Khokhar Scalable and Parallel Algorithms Laboratory (ScaPAL) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE USA

Interleaving schemes have proven to be an important mechanism in reducing the effect of network errors on image transmission. Current interleaving schemes spatially decorrelate neighboring image blocks by putting them into packets that are a long way apart from each other in the transmission sequence. Most of the existing schemes, while achieving good performance on random packet losses, do not work well in the case of bursty packet losses. In this paper, we propose two interleaving schemes where the decorrelation process is applied not only at the block level but also at the pixel or coefficient level (i.e. on the information within the blocks) in the compressed domain. The decorrelation is achieved via a k-way shuffle of pixels among the blocks and by using the spatial properties of different space-filling curves, where k depends on the total number of blocks in the image. Our results show that in spite of the decorrelation of coefficients in the triangular interleaving scheme, the compression ratio is within 92% to -98% of JPEG standard compression. We also show that, when compared with existing interleaving schemes, our techniques provide improved image quality and a low mean square error in the transmitted images in the presence of random as well as bursty packet losses in networks.

关键词： Pixel Interleaved codes Robustness Image communication Decorrelation Image coding Performance loss Transform coding Image quality Mean square error methods

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Deconvolution of sensor array signals using scale transform properties

Deconvolution of sensor array signals using scale transform ...

引用

IEEE-SP International Symposium on Time-Frequency and Time-Scale Analysis

作者： M. Izzetoglu T. Akgul Signal Processing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Drexel University Philadelphia PA USA

In this paper, we present the extension of solutions to the multiscale deconvolution problem which appears in sensor array applications. The sensor outputs are assumed to be generated as a convolution of the unknown source signal, the so-called wavelet, with various time-scaled versions of an unknown impulse response of the medium, namely reflectivity sequences. Methods to deconvolve these signals are available if the scaling effects, referred to as time-scale factors, are truly known. Here we show that time-scale factors between the system impulse responses can be obtained from the sensor array measurements by using the scale transform properties which yield "absolutely blind" multiscale deconvolution scheme.

关键词： Sensor arrays Deconvolution Reflectivity Signal processing Biosensors Application software Convolution Sensor systems Discrete transforms Signal generators

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Directional interpolation pyramids for still image compression

Directional interpolation pyramids for still image compressi...

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Brazilian Symposium on computer Graphics and Image processing (SIBGRAPI)

作者： N.V. Boulgouris M.G. Strintzis Information Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

Reduced pyramids, i.e. pyramids without analysis filters are known to produce excellent results when used for lossless signal and image compression. The paper introduces a novel method for the construction of reduced pyramids with synthesis filters adapted to the orientation of local image features. It is shown that this construction produces more accurate interpolation than conventional reduced pyramids. It also has the added advantage of producing lossy replicas of the original, which, at lower resolutions lack undesirable artifacts near edges. Experimental evaluation shows that the resulting method produces results comparable and often superior to those of the most efficient known algorithms for progressive lossless image coding.

关键词： Interpolation Image coding Propagation losses Signal resolution Image communication Image analysis Filters Image resolution Image storage Image reconstruction

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3D model-based segmentation of videoconference image sequences

3D model-based segmentation of videoconference image sequenc...

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IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： I. Kompatsiaris D. Tzovaras M.G. Strintzis Information Processing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

This paper describes a 3D model-based unsupervised procedure for the segmentation of multiview image sequences using multiple sources of information. The articulation procedure is based on the homogeneity of parameters, such as rigid 3D motion, color and depth, estimated for each sub-object, which consists of a number of interconnected triangles of the 3D model. The rigid 3D motion of each sub-object for subsequent frames is estimated using a Kalman filtering algorithm taking into account the temporal correlation between consecutive frames. Information from all cameras is combined during the formation of the equations for the rigid 3D motion parameters. The parameter estimation for each sub-object and the 3D model segmentation procedures are interleaved and repeated iteratively until a satisfactory object segmentation emerges. The performance of the resulting segmentation method is evaluated experimentally.

关键词： Image segmentation Videoconference Image sequences Motion estimation Information resources Kalman filters Filtering algorithms Cameras Equations Parameter estimation

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A mathematical model, heuristic, and simulation study for a basic data staging problem in a heterogeneous networking environment

A mathematical model, heuristic, and simulation study for a ...

引用

Heterogeneous Computing Workshop

作者： Min Tan M.D. Theys H.J. Siegel N.B. Beck M. Jurczyk Cisco Systems Inc. San Jose CA USA Parallel Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science University of Missouri Columbia Columbia MO USA

Data staging is an important data management problem for a distributed heterogeneous networking environment, where each data storage location and intermediate node may have specific data available, storage limitations, and communication links. Sites in the network request data items and each item is associated with a specific deadline and priority. It is assumed that not all requests can be satisfied by their deadline. The work concentrates on solving a basic version of the data staging problem in which all parameter values for the communication system and the data request information represent the best known information collected so far and stay fixed throughout the scheduling process. A mathematical model for the basic data staging problem is introduced. Then, a multiple-source shortest-path algorithm based heuristic for finding a suboptimal schedule of the communication steps for data staging is presented. A simulation study is provided, which evaluates the performance of the proposed heuristic. The results show the advantages of the proposed heuristic over two random based scheduling techniques. This research, based on the simplified static model, serves as a necessary step toward solving the more realistic and complicated version of the data staging problem involving dynamic scheduling, fault tolerance, and determining where to stage data.

关键词： Mathematical model computer networks Distributed computing Data engineering Military computing Intelligent networks computer network management Environmental management Memory Satellite broadcasting

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Novel surface registration using the grid closest point (GCP) transform

引用

IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： S.M. Yamany M.N. Ahmed E.E. Hemayed A.A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818688211

A novel approach has been developed for fast registration of two sets of 3-D curves or surfaces. The technique is an extension of Besl and Mackay's (1992) iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. This technique solves the computational complexity associated with the ICP algorithm by applying a novel grid closest point (GCP) transform and a genetic algorithm to minimize the cost function. A detailed description of the algorithm is presented along with a comparison of its performance versus several registration techniques. Two applications are presented in this paper. In the first, the algorithm is used to register 2-D head contours extracted from CT/MRI data to correct for possible mis-alignment caused by motion artifacts during scanning. In the second, the algorithm is used to register 3-D segments of the human jaw obtained using the shape from shading technique. Registration using the GCP/GA technique is found to be significantly faster and of comparable accuracy than two popular techniques in the computer vision and medical imaging literature.

关键词： Iterative algorithms Iterative closest point algorithm Computational complexity Genetic algorithms Cost function Head Data mining Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Registers

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Real time video distribution using publication through a database

Real time video distribution using publication through a dat...

引用

Brazilian Symposium on computer Graphics and Image processing (SIBGRAPI)

作者： I. Diamantis A. Ntalakas M.G. Strintzis IPL-Information Processing Laboratory Electrical & Computer Engineering Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

We describe an interactive video-on-demand (VoD) service, which supports VCR-like functions. It consists of two parts. The first part is a database, which contains the information concerning the videos. This information is published on an Intranet Web. The second part is the actual video distribution using the client server model. The architecture combines network manipulation of high level and a modular system of pluggable components which provides adjustability to the needs of the user.

关键词： Databases Network servers Application software Web server File servers IP networks Costs Workstations Access protocols Watches

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Vector set partitioning with classified successive refinement VQ for embedded wavelet image coding

Vector set partitioning with classified successive refinemen...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： D. Mukherjee S.K. Mitra Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT), proposed by Said and Pearlman [1996], is generally regarded as a very efficient wavelet-based still image compression scheme. The algorithm uses an efficient, joint scanning and bit-allocation mechanism for quantizing the scalar wavelet coefficients, and produces a perfectly embedded bitstream. This work extends set partitioning to scan vectors of wavelet coefficients, and uses successive refinement VQ techniques such as multistage and tree-structured VQ, to quantize several wavelet coefficients at once. The new scheme is named VSPIHT (Vector SPIHT). Coding results are presented to demonstrate that the vector-based approach (without arithmetic coding) surpasses the scalar counterpart (also without arithmetic coding), in the mean-squared-error sense, for most images at low bitrates. The superiority of the vector-based approach is more pronounced for images that are generally regarded as difficult to code (such as Barbara) because of a large amount of detail.

关键词： Image coding Wavelet coefficients Quantization Frequency Arithmetic Filters Decoding Bit rate Image processing Laboratories

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