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A computational framework for modeling time-frequency distributions

A computational framework for modeling time-frequency distri...

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2010 International Conference on High Performance Computing Systems, HPCS 2010

作者： Aceros, Cesar Villafãne, Marisel Rodriguez, Domingo Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Automated Information Processing Laboratory University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez Puerto Rico

ISBN: (纸本)9781617820663

This work presents a computational modeling framework (CMF) for the algorithm formulation of timefrequency tools used in the signal characterization of wireless channels. The work centers on two important original contributions: the development of the CMF itself, which is based on group harmonic analysis and signal algebra operator theory, and the use of Kronecker products algebra (KPA) as an implementation tool-aid in the algorithm mapping of the timefrequency distributions to multicore computational structures. Performance evaluation results are presented which describe the scalability and extensibility attributes the KPA-based algorithm formulations. Implementation performance speed ups are also presented with respect to a PC-based cluster architecture used as a preliminary computational structure. Finally, the work demonstrates how time-frequency methods are instrumental in mapping one-dimensional impulse response functions of wireless channel links in a MIMO system into two-dimensional energy distributions through the use of time-frequency tools.

关键词： Mapping

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Quality measures in the processing of high-contrast images

Quality measures in the processing of high-contrast images

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Advances in Image Transmission II 1980

作者： Algazi, V.R. Ford, G.E. Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California DavisCA95616 United States

The use of image quality measures in the design of processing algorithms and equipment is a difficult task. Realistic and useful images are complex and far from the threshold conditions under which psychophysical measurements and models are obtained. For a class of processing algorithms, the image distortion is actually proportional to the image contrast. For these algorithms it appears possible to determine a worst case image and to establish fairly simple quality criteria. The basic components of such a quality measure are discussed and examples of application given. © 1980 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image quality

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Some imaging properties of an optical heterodyne scanning image processor

Some imaging properties of an optical heterodyne scanning im...

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Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2003

作者： Poon, Ting-Chung Optical Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1557527598

We present some of the imaging properties of an optical heterodyne scanning image processor. The image processor is a two-pupil optical system capably of three-dimensional (3-D) imaging coherently or incoherently, depending on the detection scheme used. We will then discuss optical scanning holography (OSH) through the development of the two-pupil optical heterodyne scanning image processor. Last, we illustrate some important 3-D example in OSH and show that two reconstructions can be obtained corresponding to the real and pseudoscopic reconstructions of a conventional hologram. © 2003 Optical Society of America

关键词： Scanning

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A time-frequency signal analysis system for power quality assessment

A time-frequency signal analysis system for power quality as...

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2005 IEEE International 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS 2005

作者： Rivera, Ivan J. Ramirez, Ana B. Rodriguez, Domingo Automated Information Processing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez PR 00681-4092

ISBN: (纸本)0780391977

The purpose of this work is to develop a time-frequency signal analysis system to detect and recognize different kinds of power quality events or disturbances. To achieve our goal, design of computational signal processing methods is being addressed developing time-frequency tools based on signal algebra operators. The use of signal algebra operators permits the formulation of time-frequency algorithms in a computational framework setting, allowing the search for efficient hardware implementations. Time-frequency formulations are being implemented for embedded system applications using Digital Signal processing (DSP) and field programmable gate array (FPGA) units. Voltage disturbances are responsible for many disruptions in industrial, commercial and residential power supply systems, causing time and monetary losses. It is necessary to identify fast methods of determining when these disturbances are occurring in order to make correct power quality decisions. Automated information processing systems are needed to assess existing problems. Although a lot of work has been done on power line disturbance assessment, new techniques are desired to address new challenging power quality issues, specially in the area of physical security. Time-frequency signal analysis is a well known tool used in fields such as speech, sonar, and radar processing and is now finding its being in power quality assessment. A time-frequency representation is a two-dimensional representation that shows how the spectral content of a given signal changes with time. There is a genuine interest in this kind of representations for the field of power quality signal analysis systems since they provide more information than the typical one dimensional analysis. To achieve the goals of this work an environment is being created using MATLAB to simulate power line signal disturbances such as swells, sags, harmonic distortions, and outages. This environment computes desired time-frequency representations of

关键词： Signal processing

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Brain MR image segmentation using tabu search and hidden markov random field model

Brain MR image segmentation using tabu search and hidden mar...

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2nd Indian International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IICAI 2005

作者： Nanda, P.K. Patra, D. Pradhan, A. Department of Electrical Engineering Image Processing and Computer Vision Laboratory National Institute of Technology Rourkela Orissa 769008 India

ISBN: (纸本)0972741216

In this paper, we propose a hybrid Tabu Expectation Maximization (TEM) Algorithm for segmentation of Brain Magnetic Resonance (MR) images in both supervised and unsupervised framewrok. Gaussian Hidden Markov Random Field (GHMRF) is used to model the available degraded image. In supervised framework, the apriori image MRF model parameters as well as the GHMRF model parameters are assumed to be known. The class labels are estimated using the Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) estimation criterion. In unsupervised framework, the problem of model parameter estimation and label estimation is formulated in Expectation Maximization (EM) framework. The labels are estimated using the proposed Tabu Search algorithm while the model parameters are the maximum likelihood estimates. Our proposed algorithm yields results with arbitrary initial paramater set and thus overcomes the problem of proper choice of initial parameters. The results obtained are comparable with the results obtained by using the algorithm proposed by Zhang ***. [15] , where the Iterated Conditional Mode (ICJM) algorithm is used for computing the MAP estimates. Copyright © IICAI 2005.

关键词： Tabu search

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SAR image processing algorithms based on the ambiguity function

SAR image processing algorithms based on the ambiguity funct...

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2005 IEEE International 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS 2005

作者： Ramirez, Ana B. Rivera, Ivan J. Rodriguez, Domingo Automated Information Processing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez PR 00681-4092

ISBN: (纸本)0780391977

This work focuses on hardware implementations of the ambiguity function defined in terms of signal operators for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensor image formation applications. Due to the large quantity of data associated with SAR imaging, basic SAR operations demand high computational cost and are difficult to readily implement on existing commercial digital signal processing (DSP) units. In order to contribute to resolve this problem a search for new efficient algorithm variants in under way compute operations such as discrete Fourier transforms, discrete convolutions, discrete correlations, and Hadamard products of complex signals. These operations are commonly used in the computation of the discrete ambiguity function. Time-frequency tools have been the object of many different studies in SAR image formation operations. The principle behind SAR image formation is recovering a desired reflectivity density function through an inverse convolution process on the raw data generation. It is this particular fact that makes the ambiguity function so important in SAR image formation since it serves to model the impulse response function or point spread function of the SAR system itself. Algorithms for computing the ambiguity designed for this work are being developed in MATLAB and implemented the TMS320C6713 digital signal processor (DSP) unit. The implementation methodology is based on hardware/software algorithm co-design techniques, taking into consideration software and hardware characteristics such as memory cache overflows, twiddle or phase factor pre-computations, extended memory addressing schemes, stride permutation implementations, pipelining schemes, multiply-add DSP architectures, multiple concurrent memory accessing schemes, and overall latency response. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Image processing

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Multi-modal medical volumes fusion by surface matching

Multi-modal medical volumes fusion by surface matching

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5th International Symposium on Signal processing and Its Applications, ISSPA 1999

作者： Eldeib, Ayman M. Yamany, Sameh M. Farag, Aly Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory University of Louisville Department of Electrical Engineering Louisville KY 40292 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1864354518

Presents a fast, six degrees of freedom, registration technique to accurately locate the position and orientation of medical volumes (e.g. CT, MRI) with respect to each other for the same patient. The technique uses surface registration and maximization of mutual information. We have developed a novel technique for surface registration which produces highly accurate results when registering two different volumes of the same individual generated from the same modality, such as preoperative MR and intraoperative MR volumes. In case surface registration is not able to accurately register the different volumes, the result is enhanced by multi-modal volume registration. The gain of this combination is to have an accurate alignment and to reduce time needed for registration. For the multi-modal volume registration, the maximization of mutual information (MI) as a matching criterion is used based on genetic algorithms (GA) as a search engine. Our results demonstrate that our registration technique allows for fast, accurate, robust and completely automatic registration of multimodality medical volumes. © 1999 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Mapping the preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm for neutron diffusion applications onto parallel machines 25

Mapping the preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm for ...

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25th International Conference on parallel processing, ICPP 1996

作者： So, J.J.E. Janardhan, R. Downar, T.J. Siegel, H.J. Parallel Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907-1285 United States School of Nuclear Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907-1290 United States

ISBN: (纸本)081867623X

This is a study of the performance on different parallel machines of the solution to the system of linear equations that results from the finite-differencing of the neutron diffusion equation in the context of nuclear reactor simulation. The solution approach uses the CG (conjugate gradient) and the PCG (preconditioned CG) methods. For PCG, a block preconditioner based on the incomplete Cholesky factorization was used. The issues involved in mapping the CG and the PCG algorithms onto the mixed-mode PASM prototype, the SIMD MasPar MP-1, and the MIMD Intel Paragon XPIS are discussed. On PASM, the mixed-mode implementation outperformed either SIMD or MIMD alone. Theoretical performance predictions were analyzed and compared with the experimental results on the MasPar MP-1 and the Paragon XPIS. Other issues addressed for all three machines include the impact on execution time of the number of processors used and the impact of the interprocessor communication network on performance. © 1996 IEEE.

关键词： Mapping

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Linear Degrees of Freedom for K-user MISO Interference Channels With Blind Interference Alignment

Linear Degrees of Freedom for K-user MISO Interference Chann...

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作者： Yang, Heecheol Shin, Wonjae Lee, Jungwoo Wireless Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

In this paper, we characterize the degrees of freedom (DoF) for K-user M × 1 multiple-input single-output interference channels with reconfigurable antennas, which have N-preset modes at the receivers, assuming linear coding strategies in the absence of channel state information at the transmitters, i.e., blind interference alignment. Our linear DoF converse builds on the lemma that if a set of transmit symbols is aligned at their common unintended receivers, those symbols must have independent signal subspace at their corresponding receivers. This lemma arises from the inherent feature that channel state's changing patterns of the links towards the same receiver are always identical, assuming that the coherence time of the channel is long enough. We derive an upper bound for the linear sum DoF, and propose an achievable scheme that exactly achieves the linear sum DoF upper bound when both of the n∗/M=R1 and MK/n∗=R2 are integers, where n∗ denotes the optimal number of preset modes out of N preset modes. For the other cases, where either R1 or R2 is not an integer, we only give some guidelines how the interfering signals are aligned at the receivers to achieve the upper bound. As an extension, we also show the linear sum DoF upper bound for downlink/uplink cellular networks. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Channel state information

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The seamless approach to reconciling communication and locality in distributed memory parallel systems

The seamless approach to reconciling communication and local...

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International Symposium on parallel processing

作者： S.A. Fineberg T.L. Casavant B.H. Pease Parallel PrFessin Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Iowa Iowa IA USA Parallel Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Iowa Iowa IA USA

With recent improvements in single CPU performance, several issues become more important in multiprocessor design. Two of these are interprocessor communication and locality. In parallel systems with fast CPUs, locality is vital to performance. However, traditional parallel programming models such as shared memory or message passing do not naturally lead to programs that exhibit locality. In the paper, the Seamless model for interprocessor communication is presented which is based on locality and that allows the programmer to explicitly manipulate a program's locality to optimize performance. Additionally, this model can support latency tolerance with proper hardware support. Extensions to the C programming language that support this model are also presented. Finally, a parallel program utilizing this model is provided to illustrate the paradigm.< >

关键词： Delay Central processing Unit Programming profession Memory management Message passing Concurrent computing Reduced instruction set computing Cache memory Cities and towns parallel programming

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