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Efficient data encoder for low-power capsule endoscopy application

Efficient data encoder for low-power capsule endoscopy appli...

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International Symposium on Signal processing and Its Applications (ISSPA)

作者： Ramin Tajallipour Khan Wahid Multimedia Processing and Prototyping Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan SAS Canada

The paper presents an efficient data encoder based on Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm to be used in a low-power capsule endoscopic system. The encoder is library-based where the size of the library can be set by the user, and hence, the output data rate can be controlled according to the bandwidth requirement. The simulation is carried out with several endoscopic images and the results show that a minimum overall compression ratio of 92.8% can be achieved with a minimum reconstruction quality of 30dB. The energy consumption has been estimated to be 75uJ/frame. Several other encoding algorithms have been studied and the comparative results are discussed.

关键词： Dictionaries Chromium Image resolution Discrete cosine transforms Multimedia communication Impedance matching Encoding

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Hybrid DWT-DCT algorithm for biomedical image and video compression applications

Hybrid DWT-DCT algorithm for biomedical image and video comp...

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International Symposium on Signal processing and Its Applications (ISSPA)

作者： Suchitra Shrestha Khan Wahid Multimedia Processing and Prototyping Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan SAS Canada

Digital image and video in their raw form require an enormous amount of storage capacity. Considering the important role played by digital imaging and video in medical and health science, it is necessary to develop a system that produces high degree of compression while preserving critical image/video information. In this paper, we present a hybrid algorithm that performs the discrete cosine transform on the discrete wavelet transform coefficients. Simulation has been carried out on several medical and endoscopic images and videos. The results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm performs much better in term of peak-signal-to-noise-ratio with a higher compression ratio compared to standalone DCT and DWT algorithms. The scheme is intended to be used as the image/video compressor engine in medical imaging and video applications, such as, telemedicine and wireless capsule endoscopy.

关键词： Image resolution Larynx Biomedical imaging Quantization Discrete wavelet transforms Computed tomography

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Versatile Stack Management for Multitasking Sensor Networks

Versatile Stack Management for Multitasking Sensor Networks

引用

IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems

作者： Rui Chu Lin Gu Yunhao Liu Mo Li Xicheng Lu National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781424472611;9780769540597

The networked application environment has motivated the development of multitasking operating systems for sensor networks and other low-power electronic devices, but their multitasking capability is severely limited because traditional stack management techniques perform poorly on small-memory systems. In this paper, we show that combining binary translation and a new kernel runtime can lead to efficient OS designs on resource-constrained platforms. We introduce SenSmart, a multitasking OS for sensor networks, and present new OS design techniques for supporting preemptive multi-task scheduling, memory isolation, and versatile stack management. We have implemented SenSmart on MICA2/MICAz motes. Evaluation shows that SenSmart performs efficient binary translation and demonstrates a significantly better capability in managing concurrent tasks than other sensornet operating systems.

关键词： parallel processing (computerS) Sensor networks Electron devices Furnace conveyors Cache Memory System Operating systems osmium

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Adaptive Carrier-Sensing for Throughput Improvement in IEEE 802.11 Networks

Adaptive Carrier-Sensing for Throughput Improvement in IEEE ...

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2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010

作者： Ehsan Haghani Michael N. Krishnan Avideh Zakhor Video and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley USA

As a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) network, the performance of IEEE 802.11 networks highly depends on the accuracy of the carrier sensing procedure. However, conventional carrier sensing approaches suffer from the well known hidden and exposed node problems, adversely affecting aggregate throughput of the IEEE 802.11 networks. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme through which each station can adaptively select its Carrier Sense Threshold (CST) in order to mitigate the hidden/exposed node problems. The basic idea behind our approach is for the Access Point (AP) to periodically transmit a Busy/Idle (BI) signal to all the stations. Individual stations then use the BI signal from the AP together with their own local BI signal in order to adjust their CST. We use NS-2 simulations to show that our approach can enhance the aggregate throughput by as much as 50%.

关键词： Throughput Peer to peer computing Bismuth Energy states Aggregates Sensors Adaptation model

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Comparison of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tractography of diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) in temporal lobe epilepsy

Comparison of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tractography...

引用

2010 18th Iranian Conference on electrical engineering, ICEE 2010

作者： Afzali, Maryam Soltanian-Zadeh, Hamid Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran 14395-515 Iran Image Analysis Laboratory Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI 48202 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424467600

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a neurological disease that affects millions of individuals in the world. Majority of TLE patients suffer from refractory seizures. Determining abnormal/damaged regions of the brain that harbor seizure focus is a critical step towards treatment of TLE patients. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a non-invasive method that we use in this work to determine damaged regions of white matter in the brain. To this end, we apply two methods, voxel based morphometry (VBM) and fiber tracking. We use these methods along with two anisotropy maps (EAR and FA) extracted from the DTI data. We use DTI data of 31 subjects (12 normal subjects and 19 TLE patients) for testing and evaluation studies. The VBM method shows that TLE is associated with reduction of both of FA and EAR values in several regions within the temporal lobes. The tractography method shows abnormal diffusion characteristics in three fiber bundles (fornix, uncinate fasciculus, and cingulum). The results show that the EAR maps are less sensitive to noise than the FA maps and the EAR values change more than the FA values in TLE. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Diffusion tensor imaging

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Gender estimation based on physiological features of the face

Gender estimation based on physiological features of the fac...

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International Symposium on Signal processing and Its Applications (ISSPA)

作者： C.H. Ting U.U. Sheikh S.A.R Abu-Bakar Computer Vision Video and Image Processing Research Laboratory Department of Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Malaysia

In this paper, we present a gender estimation technique that will determine whether a person looking at the camera is a male or female. Several facial features extracted from a face are passed to post-image-processing operations before they are sent to a rule-base classifier. We applied our technique to both static passport-like photos as well as several video sequences consisting of a single face each. Our database also contains images of females wearing headscarf as well as bald men. Our initial results showed a very promising outcome. For static face images, we obtained an accuracy of 100% correct gender estimation for females and 98% for males while for video sequences, the accuracy obtained was 87.5% for females and 70% for males.

关键词： Face Hair Image resolution Estimation computers Accuracy

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A statistical approach for shadow detection using spatio-temporal contexts

A statistical approach for shadow detection using spatio-tem...

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IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： Yiyang Liu Don Adjeroh Video and Image Processing Laboratory Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA Video and Image Processing Laboratory Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA

Background subtraction is an important step used to segment moving regions in surveillance videos. However, cast shadows are often falsely labeled as foreground objects, which may severely degrade the accuracy of object localization and detection. Effective shadow detection is necessary for accurate foreground segmentation, especially for outdoor scenes. Based on the characteristics of shadows, such as luminance reduction, chromaticity invariance and texture invariance, we introduce a nonparametric framework for modeling surface behavior under cast shadows. To each pixel, we assign a potential shadow value with a confidence weight, indicating the probability that the pixel location is an actual shadow point. Given an observed RGB value for a pixel in a new frame, we use its recent spatio-temporal context to compute an expected shadow RGB value. The similarity between the observed and the expected shadow RGB values determines whether a pixel position is a true shadow. Experimental results show the performance of the proposed method on a suite of standard indoor and outdoor video sequences.

关键词： Pixel Light sources Color Lighting Video sequences Context Histograms

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A fast image registration algorithm for Digital Subtraction Angiography

A fast image registration algorithm for Digital Subtraction ...

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Iranian Conference of Biomedical engineering (ICBME)

作者： Mansour Nejati Rassoul Amirfattahi Saeed Sadri Digital Signal Processing Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran

Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) is a powerful technique for the visualization of blood vessels. The major problem encountered in DSA images is the presence of motion artifacts which arise from the misalignment of successive images in the sequence. In this paper, a fast registration algorithm for coronary angiographic images is proposed. It involves a feature-based selection of control points for which the displacement is computed by means of template matching, and the complete displacement vector field is constructed by means of interpolation. To reduce the computational cost of the template matching procedure, an iterative hill-climbing approach is used for optimization and for handling the local misalignments, the image warping is performed based on multilevel B-spline interpolation.

关键词： Image edge detection Artificial neural networks Interpolation Pixel

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Frame Interpolation Method Based on Adaptive Threshold and Adjacent Pixels

Frame Interpolation Method Based on Adaptive Threshold and A...

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International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal processing (IIHMSP)

作者： Hyeongchul Oh Joohyun Lee Changki Min Jechang Jeong Image Communication and Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hanyang University Seoul South Korea

This paper presents a frame interpolation algorithm using the motion information of some object within the estimated blocks. The proposed algorithm uses two initial frames that are generated based on the backward and forward frames using the motion vectors. In this process, the occlusion regions are occurred in two initial frames since the optimal block is only selected by threshold. Furthermore, the regions are irregularly appeared because of that the selected block is interpolated on half position between the estimated motion vectors. Two initial frames are merged to interpolate the occlusion regions. Also, the occlusion areas, which are still existence in the merged frame, are interpolated by using the neighboring pixel information and the available data in the occlusion block. In this paper, the experimental results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm has better PSNR and the visual quality than the conventional algorithms.

关键词： Pixel PSNR Interpolation Visualization Motion compensation Algorithm design and analysis Motion estimation

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Automatic segmentation of pallet images using the 2-D wavelet transform and YUV color space

Automatic segmentation of pallet images using the 2-D wavele...

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Iranian Conference on electrical engineering (ICEE)

作者： Aida Fooladivanda Narges Chehrerazi Saeed Sadri Rasoul Amirfattahi Mohammad Ali Montazeri Digital signal processing research Laboratory Department of Electrical and computer engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424467600

Segmentation is an important stage in automatic digital image processing. A special case of segmentation is to segment objects from their background. Among different segmentation algorithm for object detection, learning based approach is widely applied. In steel industry, pallets are moving on a rail. They have high resolution details in their structure and the image of a pallet taken by a camera in real time suffers from severe noise and illumination variations. The purpose of this paper is to segment the pallet from a frame of a sequence of video images, such that the pallet is segmented without degradation of resolution. We use the pallet image in YUV color space together with wavelet transform (WT) for detection. For classification Support Vector Machine (SVM) is incorporated to the images. It is shown that the above procedure segments the pallets successfully without degradation of resolution.

关键词： Image segmentation Wavelet transforms Image resolution Degradation Support vector machines Support vector machine classification Digital images Object detection Metals industry Rails

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