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computer Graphics and Visualization 2008 and Gaming 2008: Design for Engaging Experience and Social Interaction 2008, MCCSIS'08 - IADIS Multi Conference on computer Science and Information Systems

作者： Zagoris, Konstantinos Ergina, Kavallieratou Papamarkos, Nikos Image Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Democritus University of Thrace 67100 Xanthi Greece Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering University of the Aegean Samos 83100 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9789728924638

A system was developed able to retrieve specific documents from a document collection. In this system the query is given in text by the user and then transformed into image. Appropriate features were in order to capture the general shape of the query, and ignore details due to noise or different fonts. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of our system, we used a collection of noisy documents and we compared our results with those of a commercial OCR package. © 2008 IADIS.

关键词： Search engines

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Boosted incremental nelder-mead simplex algorithm: Distributed regression in wireless sensor networks

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

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IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 2008年 284卷 199-212页

作者： Marandi, Parisa Jalili Charkari, Nasrollah Moghadam Parallel Processing Lab Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9780387848389

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been of great interest among academia and industry due to their diverse applications in recent years. The main goal of a WSN is data collection. As the amount of the collected data increases, it would be essential to develop some techniques to analyze them. In this paper, we propose an in-network optimization algorithm based on Nelder-Mead simplex to incrementally do regression analysis over distributed data. Then, we improve the resulted regressor by the application of boosting concept from machine learning theory. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm not only increases accuracy but is also more efficient in terms of communication compared to its gradient based counterparts. © 2008, IFIP International Federation for Information processing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Block truncation signature coding for hyeprspectral analysis

Block truncation signature coding for hyeprspectral analysis

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Imaging Spectrometry XIII

作者： Chakravarty, Sumit Chang, Chein-I. Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819473066

This paper introduces a new signature coding which is designed based on the well-known Block Truncation Coding (BTC). It comprises of bit-maps of the signature blocks generated by different threshold criteria. Two new BTC-based algorithms are developed for signature coding, to be called Block Truncation Signature Coding (BTSC) and 2-level BTSC (2BTSC). In order to compare the developed BTC based algorithms with current binary signature coding schemes such as Spectral Program Analysis Manager (SPAM) developed by Mazer et al. and Spectral Feature-based Binary Coding (SFBC) by Qian et al, three different thresholding functions, local block mean, local block gradient, local block correlation are derived to improve the BTSC performance where the combined bit-maps generated by these thresholds can provide better spectral signature characterization. Experimental results reveal that the new BTC-based signature coding performs more effectively in characterizing spectral variations than currently available binary signature coding methods.

关键词： Managers

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Boosting incremental Nelder-Mead simplex for distributed regression over wireless sensor networks

Boosting incremental Nelder-Mead simplex for distributed reg...

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International Symposium on Telecommunications, IST

作者： Parisa Jalili Marandi Nasrollah Moghadam Charkari Parallel Processing Laboratory Computer Department Faculty of Engineering Tarbiat Moalem University Tehran Iran

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted much interest in recent years. The main goal of a WSN is data collection. As the amount of the collected data increases, it would be essential to analyze them. However, restricted power supply of small sensors makes it a serious problem to transmit all the data to a fusion center for a centralized analysis. This is why the role of in-network processing seems crucial. In this paper, we propose an in-network optimization algorithm based on Nelder-Mead simplex to incrementally do regression analysis over distributed data. Then, we improve the resulted regressor by the application of boosting concept. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm increases accuracy and is more efficient in terms of communication compared to its counterparts.

关键词： Boosting Algorithm design and analysis Wireless sensor networks Optimization Accuracy Data models Supervised learning

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Plasma-treated surfaces to direct embryonic stem-cell differentiation

Plasma-treated surfaces to direct embryonic stem-cell differ...

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8th World Biomaterials Congress 2008, WBC 2008

作者： Hanley, E. Lauer, J.L. Shohet, J.L. Lyons, G.E. Plasma Processing and Technology Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 United States Department of Anatomy University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 United States

The positive results seen by ES cells precociously expressing the vWF and PECAM genetic markers on the tetraglyme surfaces suggest a directed differentiation of ES cells into endothelial cells. Surfaces with more cros... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781615670802

关键词： Endothelial cells

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An evaluation survey of binarization algorithms on historical documents

An evaluation survey of binarization algorithms on historica...

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作者： Stathis, Pavlos Kavallieratou, Ergina Papamarkos, Nikos Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Image Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Democritus University of Thrace 67100 Xanthi Greece Dept. of Information and Communication Systems Engineering University of the Aegean 83200 Karlovassi Samos Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421756

Document binarization is an active research area for many years. There are many difficulties associated with satisfactory binarization of document images and especially in cases of degraded historical documents. In this paper, we try to answer the question "how well an existing binarization algorithm can binarize a degraded document image?" We propose a new technique for the validation of document binarization algorithms. Our method is simple in its implementation and can be performed on any binarization algorithm since it doesn't require anything more than the binarization stage. Then we apply the proposed technique to 30 existing binarization algorithms. Experimental results and conclusions are presented. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： History

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Radiometric calibration of reflective bands of landsat 4 thematic mapper using pseudo-invariant site technique

Radiometric calibration of reflective bands of landsat 4 the...

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2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Proceedings

作者： Malla, Rimy Helder, Dennis L. Image Processing Laboratory South Dakota State University SD 57007 United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department South Dakota State University SD 57007 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424428083

Historically, for purposes of calibration, the Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor has relied upon prelaunch calibration data, internal calibration data and very limited post-launch data. Landsat 4 additionally has used Landsat 5 TM cross-calibration data. The availability of one more independent source, commonly called pseudo-invariant sites, can be used to improve the calibration of the sensor. Pseudo-invariant sites are mainly well characterized desert sites exhibiting the properties of high reflectance, high spatial and spectral uniformity, temporal stability and are nearly Lambertian to decrease BRDF and shadow effects. The successful update of the calibration of the Landsat 5 TM sensor using the pseudo-invariant site approach suggested using this approach to calibrate the Landsat 4 TM sensor [1]. The pseudo-invariant sites selected to characterize the Landsat 4 TM sensor are Middle East sites at Path 166, Row 39 and Path 166, Row 40. Previously, calibration attempts have been primarily based only on the internal calibrator (IC) and prelaunch data. The Landsat 5 internal calibrator was found to be unreliable approximately three years after launch. The Landsat 4 IC data also become questionable especially knowing that the internal calibrators for both the instruments were essentially identical. Thus, it is necessary to characterize the system with another independent and reliable source-in this case pseudo-invariant sites. Unfortunately, due to the unavailability of an adequate number of scenes at the site used for Landsat 5, the Middle East site of Path 166, Row 39 and Path 166, Row 40 were selected. A large drawback of these sites is that they are the locations of the First Gulf War in 1991. This negates the assumption that the surface and atmosphere did not change during the study period. To account for the change, radiometric correction was done using the known Landsat 5 gain signature. A correction factor, which is the ratio of the averages of Landsat 5 p

关键词： Landsat

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Use of pseudo-invariant sites for long-term sensor calibration

Use of pseudo-invariant sites for long-term sensor calibrati...

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2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Proceedings

作者： Morstad, Daniel L. Helder, Dennis L. Image Processing Laboratory South Dakota State University SD 57007 United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department South Dakota State University SD 57007 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424428083

Over the past several years, pseudo-invariant sites for trending the radiometric gain of multispectral satellite imaging systems has proven to be very useful and accurate. For example, the lifetime calibration of the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) was recently updated based in large part upon this approach. This effort reduced the error in the gain estimate from roughly 13 percent to less than 5 percent and integrated a variety of absolute calibration estimates for the sensor [1]. Typically, pseudo-invariant sites are located in arid regions where very little temporal and spatial change occurs over long periods of time and significant extent. Sites in the Sahara desert are especially attractive. However, drawbacks of this approach are that the sites are relatively unacceptable and, for some instruments, only limited numbers of data sets are available. As a result, it would be helpful to use sites that are observed often, such as locations in North America, so that the technique could be applied to more sensors both historically and in the future. The drawback to these sites is that they are typically of much smaller extent and, therefore, are more difficult to use from a geometric perspective. Recent work has shown that small pseudo-invariant sites, if carefully chosen, can also be used for accurate trending of satellite instruments. This paper will illustrate an approach that suggests the calibration site commonly known as Sonoran Desert can be used to observe the characteristic calibration curve of Landsat 5 TM. Because of the significant number of observations of this site, and other similar sites in North America, there is good potential to extend this technique to additional multispectral instruments for enhanced long term monitoring of radiometric gain. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Landsat

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Fast Blind Adaptive Channel Shortening Using Signal Subspace

Fast Blind Adaptive Channel Shortening Using Signal Subspace

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Mahdi Karami Ali Olfat Signal Processing & Communication Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Iran

In cyclic-prefixed communication systems, if the delay spread of the channel is longer than the cyclic prefix (CP) a channel-shortening equalizer (CSE) can be used to restore the desired operation of such systems. Since in time-varying environment we are interested in fast adaptive equalizer with tracking capability, the aim of this paper is to propose RLS-type algorithm for channel shortening. In this paper, we first propose an RLS-type algorithm to estimate the eigenvector corresponding to the smallest eigenvalue of a matrix and based on this algorithm we develop an RLS-type blind channel shortener. We also, based on PAST algorithm, propose an RLS-type update rule to shorten the channel under MMSE criterion. Simulations show the speed advantage of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Signal processing algorithms OFDM Nonlinear filters Equalizers Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Finite impulse response filter Signal processing Adaptive signal processing Laboratories Delay systems

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A pyramid-based block of skewers for pixel purity index for endmember extraction in hyperspectral imagery

A pyramid-based block of skewers for pixel purity index for ...

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作者： Chang, Chein-I Hsueh, Mingkai Liu, Weimin Wu, Chao-Cheng Chaudhry, Farzeen Solyar, Gregory Plaza, Antonio Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States Computer Science Department University of Extremadura Avda. de la Universidad s/n 10.071 Caceres Spain

Pixel Purity Index (PPI) has been widely used for endmember extraction. Recently, an approach using blocks of skewers was proposed by Theiler et al., called blocks of skewers (BOS) method, to improve computation of the PPI. It utilizes a block of skewers to reduce number of calculations of dot products operated by the PPI on each skewers with all data sample vectors. Unfortunately, the BOS method also suffers from the same drawbacks that the PPI does in terms of several parameters which are needed to be determined a priori. Besides, it also has an additional parameter, block size, B needed to be determined where no guideline is provided of how to select this parameter. In this paper, the BOS method is also investigated. Most importantly, a new pyramid-based block design for the BOS method is also introduced as opposed to the cube-based block designed used by Theiler et al.'s BOS. One major advantage of our proposed pyramid-based BOS over Theiler et al.'s cube-design BOS is the hardware design for Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) implementation. © 2008 World Scientific Publishing Company.

关键词： Pixels

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