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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Su Wang C.-I. Chang Sheng-Chih Yang Giu-Cheng Hsu Hsian-He Hsu Pau-Choo Chung Shu-Mei Guo San-Kan Lee Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Department of Radiology Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Administrative Office Suao Veterans Hospital Yilan Taiwan

Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) has been widely used as a performance evaluation tool to measure effectiveness of medical modalities. It is derived from a standard detection theory with false alarm and detection power interpreted as false positive (FP) and true positive (TP) respectively in terms of medical diagnosis. The ROC curve is plotted based on TP versus FP via hard decisions. This paper presents a three dimensional (3D) ROC analysis which extends the traditional two-dimensional (2D) ROC analysis by including a threshold parameter in a third dimension resulting from soft decisions, (SD). As a result, a 3D ROC curve can be plotted based on three parameters, TP, FP and SD. By virtue of such a 3D ROC curve three two-dimensional (2D) ROC curves can be derived, one of which is the traditional 2D ROC curve of TP versus FP with SD reduced to hard decision. In order to illustrate its utility in medical diagnosis, its application to magnetic resonance (MR) image classification is demonstrated

关键词： Image analysis Biomedical imaging Radar detection Medical diagnosis Detectors computer science Hospitals Medical diagnostic imaging Magnetic analysis Performance analysis

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Robust Segmentation and Volumetric Registration in a Multi-view 3D Freehand Ultrasound Reconstruction System

Robust Segmentation and Volumetric Registration in a Multi-v...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： Honggang Yu Marios S. Pattichis M. Beth Goens Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering image and video Processing and Communications Laboratory University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA Pediatric Cardiology Clinic of the Children's Hospital Heart Center University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA

In this paper, we present a new reconstruction method with volumetric registration and semi-automatic segmentation in a multi-view 3D freehand ultrasound imaging system. The new volumetric registration approach is performed on binarized walls using non-linear least squares. It can provide accurate multi-view reconstructions despite significant rigid target motion between different acoustic window acquisitions. A hybrid adaptive gradient vector flow (GVF) geometric active contour (GAC) model is used for image sequence segmentation. It allows for relatively simple initialization of the deformable model, while avoiding edge leaking at poor edges and small boundary gaps. The algorithms were validated on four ultrasound phantom data sets (eight sequences of a total of 336 images) and two echocardiography data sets (four sequences for a total of 75 images). Quantitative evaluation shows that automatic segmentation is comparable with manual segmentation. Using breath-holding and cardiac gating, volume estimates from multi- view reconstructions of the left-ventricle were found to be in better agreement with clinical estimates than volumes estimated from single view reconstructions.

关键词： Robustness Ultrasonic imaging Image segmentation Image reconstruction Reconstruction algorithms Acoustic imaging Least squares methods Active contours Solid modeling Image sequences

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Rule-based decision-making framework for knowledge-based anatomical landmark localization (K-BALL)

Rule-based decision-making framework for knowledge-based ana...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： M.-R. Siadat H. Soltanian-Zadeh K. Elisevich Henry Ford Health System Radiology Image Analysis Laboratory Detroit MI USA Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Neurosurgery Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA

K-BALL is a general method for localization of anatomical phenomena of the same origin with natural discrepancies distributed over a reference space, e.g., human brain anatomical structures. In this paper, we focus on information analysis step (2nd step) of K-BALL during which landmarks extracted in its first step are evaluated. We provide a framework in which rules are automatically generated based on estimated and derived models. We show that the rules based on the derived models can improve the overall success rate of K-BALL. Each rule evaluates the extracted points by producing an intermediate confidence factor (ICNF). A total confidence factor is calculated using ICNF's to facilitate the acceptance or rejection of a set of points as landmarks of interest. Using the rules merely based on the estimated models, simulation study produced an overall success rate of 91.8%. Using the rules based on both of the estimated and derived models, this rate increased to 92.5%

关键词： Decision making Hippocampus Information analysis Data mining Humans Radiology Image analysis Radio control Process control Control systems

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Determination of the Grey Level Ranks for the Segmentation of Textured Images

Determination of the Grey Level Ranks for the Segmentation o...

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IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)

作者： Z. Ameur A. Adane S. Ameur Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Electronics Laboratory of Random Phenomena Analysis and Modeling LAMPA Mouloud Mammeri University Tizi Ouzou Algeria Faculty of Electronics and Computer Science Department of Telecommunications Laboratory of Image Processing and Radiation University of Sciences and Technology of Algiers U. S. T. H. B. Bab-Ezzouar Algeria

In many cases, an image is made of various types of texture. Such diversity can be usefully exploited to get a suitable decomposition of the image into typical classes and then, identify its constitutive elements. Among the approaches used to segment textured images, those based on the statistical analysis of the neighborhood of each pixel seem to be most efficient. In this paper, this kind of method is implemented, which consists in coding the pixels surrounding each point of the image by taking into account the path traveling through them and their grey levels. The rank vectors namely the codes obtained for all the possible paths, are then classified using the K-means algorithm. Considering the 24- rank vectors, this method is tested on different images of the Brodatz album and compared with Laws filters and GLCM. It yields a satisfactory reproduction of the image contours and a classification ratio exceeding 98 %. The 24 rank based-method is also applied to meteorological images collected by Meteosat over Europe and North Africa during December 1994. It is found that these images can be segmented into eight typical classes assignable to the soils, the seas and the clouds observed in the regions under study.

关键词： Image segmentation Pixel Statistical analysis Image coding Testing Filters Meteorology Europe Africa Soil

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Medical Data Mining using Particle Swarm Optimization for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Medical Data Mining using Particle Swarm Optimization for Te...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： M. Ghannad-Rezaie H. Soltanain-Zadeh M.-R. Siadat K.V. Elisevich Henry Ford Health System and Wayne State University Detroit MI USA Radiology Image Analysis Laboratory Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Neurosurgery Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA

In clinical problems, numerous factors are usually involved in a medical syndrome. New advances in medicine provide a broad range of diagnosis methods to cover all aspects of a disease. However, huge amounts of raw information may confuse clinicians and decrease decision accuracy. computerized knowledge extraction is an active area of research in medical informatics. This paper suggests a new medical data mining approach using an advanced swarm intelligence data mining algorithm. Considering medical knowledge discovery difficulties, this approach addresses common issues such as missing value management and interactive rule extraction. Here, surgery candidate selection in temporal lobe epilepsy is the main target application. However, the general idea can be applied to other medical knowledge discovery problems. Experimental results show noticeable performance improvement in the final rule-set quality while the method is flexible and fast.

关键词： Data mining Particle swarm optimization Temporal lobe Epilepsy Medical diagnostic imaging Biomedical imaging Coronary arteriosclerosis Diseases Surgery Medical services

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Simulation of infrared bandpass filter using three-dimensional FDTD method

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Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology 2006年第1期28卷 102-104页

作者： Wang, Lin Zhang, Lin Zhou, Jian Qiang, Rui Chen, Ji School of Information Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Housten United States

In this research, we developed a three-dimensional finite-difference-time-domain algorithm that incorporated the Lorentz-Drude model through the use of Z-transform technique. This algorithm was used to compute the spectral response of infrared bandpass filters which consisted of the openings of cross-shaped structures in a thin gold film. In creating structures, a graphical user interface was built using Matlab development environment. The created structures were then simulated by running the simulation code written in Fortran. It was observed that cross-shaped structures with large center-broadening effect yielded the highest transmission intensity among the structures that were simulated with a transmittance of approximately 80% at the wavelength of 1.2 μm.

关键词： FDTD Infrared bandpass filter Three-dimensional simulation

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Sustained petaflop and beyond: Can parallel computing systems meet the challenges?

Sustained petaflop and beyond: Can parallel computing system...

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19th IEEE International parallel and Distributed processing Symposium, IPDPS 2005

作者： Gao, Guang R. Computer Architecture and Parallel System Laboratory Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware

ISBN: (纸本)0769523129

Breakthrough-quality scientific discoveries in the new millennium (such as those expected in computation biology and others), along with optimal engineering designs, have created a demand for High-End Computing (HEC) systems with sustained performance requirements at a petaflop scale and beyond. Despite the very pessimistic (if not negative) views on parallel computing systems that have prevailed in 1990s, there seems to be no other viable alternatives for such HEC systems. In this talk, we present a fresh look at the problems facing the design of petascale parallel computing systems. We review several fundamental issues that such HEC parallel computing systems must resolve. These issues include: execution models that support dynamic and adaptive multithreading, fine-grain synchronization, and global name-space and memory consistency. Related issues in parallel programming, dynamic compilation models, and system software design will also be discussed. Present solutions and future direction will be discussed based on (1) application demand (e.g. computation biology and others), (2) the recent trend as demonstrated by the HTMT, HPCS, and the Blue-Gene Cyclops (e.g. Cyclops-64) architectures, and (3) a historical perspective on influential models such as dataflow, along with concepts learned from these models.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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A critique of java for concurrent programming

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IEEE Distributed Systems Online 2005年第9期6卷

作者： Garg, Vijay K. Mittal, Neeraj University of Texas Austin University of Texas Dallas Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Texas Austin University's Parallel Distributed Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of Texas Dallas

A comparative study between Java and Avaj, a concurrent programming language, is presented. java uses wait (), notify (), and notifyAll () construct to support monitors, while Avaj simply supports the construct await (B), where B is any Boolean expression. The syntax for the Avaj abort () construct is simple and allows programmer to call abort () inside any method. Avaj also incorporates the selective communication construct in the language. The invariant (B) construct in Avaj allows a Boolean expression to be invariant in a program.

关键词： Java programming language

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Knowledge based unification of medical archives

Knowledge based unification of medical archives

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5th International Network Conference, INC 2005

作者： Diou, C. Falelakis, M. Delopoulos, A. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Information Processing Laboratory Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781841022727

In this paper, the structure of a system is proposed that aims at providing clinicians with easy-to-use, well structured and accurate medical information for support of diagnosis, treatment, medical research and education that will be automatically concentrated from multiple sources. The collection and processing of such information (even in its digital form) is not a straightforward task because of three main constraints: Disparity, dispersion and voluminosity. The proposed model attempts to overcome the aforementioned obstacles by exploiting emerging multimedia database technologies. The most important aspect of the proposed system is its capability to handle user's queries at a semantic level by referring to respective medical knowledge bases that encapsulate relevant medical expertise. Core components of the system are tools that help clinicians or researchers to perform effective content-based search and retrieval of medical information that matches their interests. © 2005 University of the Aegean and University of Plymouth.

关键词： Diagnosis

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An efficient distributed algorithm for constructing delay- and degree-bounded application-level multicast tree

An efficient distributed algorithm for constructing delay- a...

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8th International Symposium on parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Networks, I-SPAN 2005

作者： Feng, Liu Jingshu, Huang Xicheng, Lu Yuxing, Peng National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing Changsha 410073 China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2035 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769525091

In this paper we investigate the problem of finding a delay- and degree-bounded maximum sum of nodes application level multicast tree. We then proved the problem is NP-hard, and its relationship with the well-studied degree-bounded minimum maximum-delay multicast tree problem. We propose a distributed algorithm - OverStream, which adopts PPAF heuristic for father node to choose optimal child nodes based on multiple network parameters. Simulation results show that our algorithm is better than OMNI, SpreadIt, HMTP, and Zigzag in general. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Algorithms

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