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Detection of the complex amplitude distribution of a kinoform using an iterative Fourier-transform algorithm

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第1期79卷 11-21页

作者： Akahori, H Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa Institute of Technology Atsugi Japan 243-02 Graduated in 1963 from the Department of Electrical Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology and joined the Electrotechnical Laboratory of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. Later he obtained a Dr. of Eng. degree. In 1987 he became a Professor in the Department of Information and Computer Sciences Kanagawa Institute of Technology. He has been engaged in research on optical information processing and digital holography.

This paper presents a method for recovering, by using the iterative Fourier-transform algorithm, the complex amplitude transmittance of a recorded one-dimensional Fourier transform-type kinoform. A method for estimating the phase-recording characteristic of the kinoform fabrication system by comparing the retrieved phase with the theoretical phase is also presented. The spatial variations of both the magnitude and phase inside each of the kinoform cells were evaluated to improve estimation of the phase-recording characteristic. The initial estimate of the kinoform phase given to the algorithm was derived using the knowledge that the recorded phase is an approximation of the phase to be recorded. The relationship between the shift of the central sampling point of the Fourier image from the optical axis and the retrieved phase of the kinoform is investigated;a kinoform phase pattern with a structure suitable for indirectly detecting the shift is then proposed. In an experiment using a kinoform fabrication system including a photographic process, the recorded phase distribution is retrieved at five sampling points of each cell. The phase-recording characteristic is estimated using the retrieved phase values. Next, a computer simulation is executed to reveal the influence of errors in the measurement of magnitude. The simulation result shows that the recorded phase distribution can approximately be retrieved when the rms error added to the magnitude is approximately 10 percent of its average. Furthermore, the validity of the phase distribution retrieved in the experiment is discussed.

关键词： Kinoform Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm phase retrieval phase-recording characteristic

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A hypermedia-based design image database system using a perceptional link method

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Journal of Management Information Systems 1996年第3期13卷 25-43页

作者： Shibata, Y. Fukuda, M. Katsumoto, M. University of California Los Angeles CA United States Computer Science Department United States Bell Communication Research United States Dept. of Info. and Computer Science Toyo University Japan ACM Info. Processing Society of Japan Inst. Electron. Commun. Eng. Japan Japan Toyo University Japan Department of Electrical Engineering IPSJ Japan Communication Research Laboratory Japan. Min. P. and Telecommunication Japan IPSJ IEICE IEEE Computer Society Japan

We introduce a hypermedia-based distributed design image database system that can provide simple and flexible user access capabilities based on the "kansei" link method. As proof of this concept, we have developed a prototype distributed multimedia information network incorporating the DHS model. Dubbed the Textile Design Image Database System (TDIDS), this database aids designers using apparel computer-aided design (CAD) systems in different locations, collaborating or working separately, in the design of clothes, including kimonos. Our purpose has been to create a database that will allow each designer to make the best use of his or her creativity and originality-his or her "style and sensitivity to beauty," or, in Japanese, kansei. In our hypermedia system, "metanodes" are defined as abstract nodes that are dynamically organized by multimedia objects, while "metalinks" are defined as flexible kansei links. Metanodes and metalinks are combined to organize a dynam ic hypermedia space from which users can easily retrieve desired design image objects by querying a knowledge agent. The knowledge agent, utilizing the knowledge base, creates links from kansei word objects provided by the user to suitable design image objects among those stored on multimedia databases distributed across the network. The knowledge agent also performs query conversion of individual users' subjective kansei (idiosyncratic, subjective use of kansei words) into objective kansei words using each user's own "user model," These objective kansei words are then converted to equivalent color values. Color value is the means by which all stored design images are characterized. This dynamic linking of kansei word objects to equivalent design images allows individual users' kansei to influence the retrieval process. The sophisticated and flexible CAD systems of the future will require multimedia database systems with cooperative supporting capabilities similar to our kansei system.

关键词： Design databases Hypermedia Image datatbases Perceptional retrieval

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Texture segmentation using hierarchical wavelet decomposition

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PATTERN RECOGNITION 1995年第12期28卷 1819-1824页

作者： Salari, E Ling, Z Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Toledo Toledo OH 43606 U.S.A.

This paper presents a texture segmentation algorithm based on a hierarchical wavelet decomposition. Using Daubechies' four-tap filter, an original image is decomposed into three detail images and one approximate image. The decomposition can be recursively applied to the approximate image to generate a lower resolution of the pyramid. The segmentation starts at the lowest resolution using the K-means clustering scheme and textural features obtained from various sub-bands. The result of segmentation is propagated through the pyramid to a higher resolution with continuously improving the segmentation. The lower resolution levels help to build the contour of the segmented texture, while higher levels refine the process, and correct possible errors.

关键词： Texture segmentation Wavelet transform Clustering algorithm Multiresolution segmentation

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THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF PUMP-INDUCED PROBE DEFLECTION IN A THERMAL MEDIUM

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APPLIED OPTICS 1995年第18期34卷 3358-3366页

作者： MISRA, RM BANERJEE, PP []The authors are with the Department of Electrical Computer Engineering Optical Information Processing Laboratory University of Alabama in Huntsville Huntsville Alabama 35899.

We analyze the deflection of a probe beam because of pump-probe interaction in a high-absorbing thermal medium. We extend the existing theory by accounting for translation of a finite-width probe because of deflection within the nonlinear sample. We also provide expressions for the number of resolvable angles of the probe for possible applications of the setup as a beam deflector and study conditions for the maximization of the deflection angle and the resolution. We present experimental results obtained with a solution of chlorophyll in ethanol as the thermal medium.

关键词： Spectroscopy Absorption Liquids Beams Light heat carrier Spectrography absorption Thermal Deflection liquids BEAM Light DEFLECTION ANGLES

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Modelling of charging effects in plasma immersion ion implantation

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Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 1995年第1-2期96卷 435-435页

作者： En, W. Cheung, N.W. Plasma Assisted Materials Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

The charging effects of plasma immersion ion implantation on several device structures is simulated. The simulations use an analytical model which couples the interaction of the plasma and IC devices during plasma implantation. The plasma model is implemented within the circuit simulator SPICE, which allows the model to uses all of the IC device models existing within SPICE. The model of the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling current through thin gate oxides of MOS devices is demonstrated, and shown how it can be used to quantify the damage induced. Charging damage is shown to be strongly affected by the device structure.

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Efficient detection of restricted classes of global predicates 9th

Efficient detection of restricted classes of global predicat...

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9th International Workshop on Distributed Algoriths, WDAG 1995

作者： Chase, Craig M. Garg, Vijay K. Parallel and Distributed Systems Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department The University of Texas at Austin United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540602747

We show that the problem of predicate detection in distributed systems is NP-complete. We introduce a class of predicates, linear predicates, such that for any linear predicate B there exists an efficient detection of the least cut satisfying B. The dual of linearity is post-linearity. These properties generalize several known properties of distributed systems, such as the set of consistent cuts forms a lattice, and the WCP and GCP predicate detection results given in earlier work. We define a more general class of predicates, semi-linear predicates, for which efficient algorithms are known to detect whether a predicate has occurred during an execution of a distributed program. However, these methods may not identify the least such cut. Any stable predicate is an example of a semi-linear predicate. In addition, we show that certain unstable predicates can also be semi-linear, such as mutual exclusion violation. Finally, we show application of max-flow to the predicate detection problem. This result solves a previously open problem in predicate detection, establishing the existence of an efficient algorithm to detect predicates of the form X1 + x2… +xn i are variables on different processes, k is some constant, and n is larger than 2. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995.

关键词： computers

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GAP CONTROL IN THE FABRICATION OF QUANTUM-EFFECT DEVICES USING X-RAY NANOLITHOGRAPHY

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MICROELECTRONIC engineering 1995年第1-4期27卷 307-310页

作者： BURKHARDT, M SILVERMAN, S SMITH, HI ANTONIADIS, DA RHEE, KW PECKERAR, MC Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139.USA Nanoelectronics Processing Facility U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375.USA

We report on recent advances in the fabrication of quantum-effect devices using x-ray nanolithography. A novel scheme for gap control during the mask replication process was developed that uses capacitance sensing in a feedback loop. The capacitance between two masks is measured and held constant through control of the pressure between them. This scheme can be used to maintain the masks at a gap as small as 1 mum, thus reducing penumbra and diffraction. This capacitive feedback method, used in mask-to-mask replication can, in principle, also be used for mask-to-substrate exposures and is thus an additional element in an x-ray nanolithography technology for sub-70 nm features.

关键词： X ray lithography

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Implementing flexible computation rules with subexpression-level loop transformations 1st

Implementing flexible computation rules with subexpression-l...

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1st International EURO-PAR Conference on parallel processing, EURO-PAR 1995

作者： Kulkarni, Dattatraya Stumm, Michael Unrau, Ronald C. Department of Computer Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto TorontoM5S 1A4 Canada Parallel Compiler Development IBM Toronto Laboratory TorontoM3C IV7 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783540602477

Computation Decomposition and Alignment (CDA) is a new loop transformation framework that extends the linear loop transformation framework and the more recently proposed Computation Alignment frameworks by linearly transforming computations at the granularity of subexpressions. It can be applied to achieve a number of optimization objectives, including the removal of data alignment constraints, the elimination of ownership tests, the reduction of cache conflicts, and improvements in data access locality. In this paper we show how CDA can be used to effectively implement flexible computation rules with the objective of minimizing communication and, whenever possible, eliminating intrinsics that test whether computations need to be executed or not. We describe CDA, show how it can be used to implement flexible computation rules, and present an algorithm for deriving appropriate CDA transformations. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995.

关键词： Linear transformations

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An algorithm for guaranteeing synchronous ordering of messages

An algorithm for guaranteeing synchronous ordering of messag...

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International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized Systems (ISADAS)

作者： V.V. Murty V.K. Garg Parallel and Distributed Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

The paper studies the characteristics of synchronous ordering of messages. Synchronous ordering of messages defines synchronous communication based on the causality rather than time. We present the sufficient conditions, based on the causality relations, for any algorithm to provide synchronous ordering. We also propose an algorithm using acknowledgment messages to implement the sufficient conditions. The algorithm is deadlock-free, and provides a higher degree of concurrency than existing algorithms.< >

关键词： Sufficient conditions System recovery Concurrent computing

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Deriving distributed algorithms from a general predicate detector

Deriving distributed algorithms from a general predicate det...

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IEEE Annual International computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： J.R. Mitchell V.K. Garg Parallel and Distributed Systems Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

Designing and debugging distributed systems requires the detection of conditions across the entire system. As an illustration, monitoring the status of an application requires detection of termination, and using virtual time requires the periodic calculation of the global virtual time. The generalized conjunctive predicate (GCP) detector offers a method to derive detection algorithms for these and other problems based on optimizing the base algorithm.

关键词： Distributed algorithms Detectors Distributed computing Debugging Concurrent computing Design engineering computerized monitoring Application software Design optimization Algorithm design and analysis

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