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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wei, Yumou Forelli, Ryan F. Hansen, Chris Levesque, Jeffrey P. Tran, Nhan Agar, Joshua C. Di Guglielmo, Giuseppe Mauel, Michael E. Navratil, Gerald A. Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Real-time Processing Systems Division Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL60510 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lehigh University BethlehemPA18015 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Drexel University PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Microelectronics Division Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL60510 United States

Active feedback control in magnetic confinement fusion devices is desirable to mitigate plasma instabilities and enable robust operation. Optical high-speed cameras provide a powerful, non-invasive diagnostic and can be suitable for these applications. In this study, we process high-speed camera data, at rates exceeding 100 kfps, on in situ field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware to track magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mode evolution and generate control signals in real-time. Our system utilizes a convolutional neural network (CNN) model which predicts the n=1 MHD mode amplitude and phase using camera images with better accuracy than other tested non-deep-learning-based methods. By implementing this model directly within the standard FPGA readout hardware of the high-speed camera diagnostic, our mode tracking system achieves a total trigger-to-output latency of 17.6 µs and a throughput of up to 120 kfps. This study at the High Beta Tokamak-Extended Pulse (HBT-EP) experiment demonstrates an FPGA-based high-speed camera data acquisition and processing system, enabling application in real-time machine-learning-based tokamak diagnostic and control as well as potential applications in other scientific domains. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tokamak devices

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PFS3F: Probabilistic Fusion of Superpixel-wise and Semantic-aware Structural Features for Hyperspectral Image Classification

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 2025年

作者： Zhang, Ying Duan, Puhong Liang, Lianhui Kang, Xudong Li, Jun Plaza, Antonio Hunan University of Technology College of Railway Transportation Zhuzhou412007 China Hunan University School of Robotics Changsha410082 China Guangxi University School of Electrical Engineering Nanning530004 China China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing the School of Computer Science Wuhan430078 China Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory Department of Technology of Computers and Communications Escuela Politecnica University of Extremadura CaceresE-10071 Spain

processing high-dimensional data cubes and developing high-performance classifiers are core objectives in the field of hyperspectral image classification (HSIC). Superpixel-based methods are widely used in HSIC due to their efficacy in reducing redundant information and enhancing local features. However, imprecise segmentation, especially in complex structures and textures of hyperspectral images (HSIs), may lead to inconsistencies in the regions extracted by superpixels and the boundaries between different ground objects. Such inconsistencies significantly degrade the classification performance of HSIs. Alternatively, when parameter settings are inaccurate, edge-aware feature extraction methods often introduce sharpening artifacts at the image boundaries, resulting in a decrease in classification accuracy. To effectively address these challenges, we propose a novel probabilistic fusion method for HSIC. This method consists of the following stages. First, spatial information is extracted by a multiscale superpixel segmentation method and then probabilistically optimized by the extended random walk (ERW) method. Next, semantic-aware structural features (S2Fs) are extracted along with edge information of different objects. Lastly, a probabilistic framework is proposed to fuse the class probabilities of superpixel-based spatial information and semantic-aware structural features. Experimental results on three real datasets show state-of-the-art classification performance, even with limited training sets. ©1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Superpixels

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Constructions of k-uniform states in heterogeneous systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Feng, Keqin Jin, Lingfei Xing, Chaoping Yuan, Chen Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Fudan University Shanghai200433 China The School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

A pure quantum state of n parties associated with the Hilbert space Cd1☉ Cd2 ☉ · · · ☉ Cdn is called k-uniform if all the reductions to k-parties are maximally mixed. The n partite system is called homogenous if the local dimension d1 = d2 = · · · = dn, while it is called heterogeneous if the local dimension are not all equal. k-uniform sates play an important role in quantum information theory. There are many progress in characterizing and constructing k-uniform states in homogeneous systems. However, the study of entanglement for heterogeneous systems is much more challenging than that for the homogeneous case. There are very few results known for the k-uniform states in heterogeneous systems for k > 3. We present two general methods to construct k-uniform states in the heterogeneous systems for general k. The first construction is derived from the error correcting codes by establishing a connection between irredundant mixed orthogonal arrays and error correcting codes. We can produce many new k-uniform states such that the local dimension of each subsystem can be a prime power. The second construction is derived from a matrix H meeting the condition that HA×Ā + HĀT×A has full rank for any row index set A of size k. These matrix construction can provide more flexible choices for the local dimensions, i.e., the local dimensions can be any integer (not necessarily prime power) subject to some constraints. Our constructions imply that for any positive integer k, one can construct k-uniform states of a heterogeneous system in many different Hilbert spaces. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hilbert spaces

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Novel Personalized Multimedia Recommendation Systems Using Tensor Singular-Value-Decomposition

Novel Personalized Multimedia Recommendation Systems Using T...

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2023 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting, BMSB 2023

作者： Chang, Shih Yu Wu, Hsiao-Chun Yan, Kun Chen, Xinjia Wu, Yiyan San Jose State University Department of Applied Data Science San JoseCA95192 United States Louisiana State University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Baton RougeLA70803 United States Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guangxi Key Laboratory of Wireless Wideband Communication and Signal Processing Guilin541004 China Guilin University of Electronic Technology Department of Information and Telecommunication Guilin541004 China Northwestern State University of Louisiana Department of Engineering Technology NatchitochesLA71497 United States Communications Research Centre Canada OttawaONK2H 8S2 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350321524

Nowadays, multimedia data are often produced by various sources, e.g., Internet of Things (IoT), social media, customer databases, etc. As tremendous multimedia data are produced every day, users or E-commerce customers cannot infer information from such data by themselves and therefore recommender systems have been developed to help users to select the products or services which better fit users' preferences or requirements. Nonetheless, there exists few works on the incorporation of side information or multiple attributes about items into the design of a more robust recommender system. In this work, we propose a novel approach based on the third-order tensor singular-value-decomposition (T3-SVD) to design new personalized multimedia recommender systems (PMRSs) for internet users. A PMRS can dynamically adjust its recommendation strategy subject to a particular user's on-line transaction behavior. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed PMRS based on T3-SVD, we compare the performances of our proposed new PMRS and two other existing tensor-based recommendation systems over realworld data in terms of normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE). As a result, our proposed new PMRS greatly outperforms the other two existing systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Recommender systems

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Improving Performance Insensitivity of Large-scale Multiobjective Optimization via Monte Carlo Tree Search

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hong, Haokai Jiang, Min Yen, Gary G. The Department of Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Digital Protection and Intelligent Processing of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Fujian and Taiwan Ministry of Culture and Tourism School of Informatics Xiamen University Fujian361005 China The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University United States

The large-scale multiobjective optimization problem (LSMOP) is characterized by simultaneously optimizing multiple conflicting objectives and involving hundreds of decision variables. Many real-world applications in engineering fields can be modeled as LSMOPs;simultaneously, engineering applications require insensitivity in performance. This requirement usually means that the results from the algorithm runs should not only be good for every run in terms of performance but also that the performance of multiple runs should not fluctuate too much, i.e., the algorithm shows good insensitivity. Considering that substantial computational resources are requested for each run, it is essential to improve upon the performance of the large-scale multiobjective optimization algorithm, as well as the insensitivity of the algorithm. However, existing large-scale multiobjective optimization algorithms solely focus on improving the performance of the algorithms, leaving the insensitivity characteristics unattended. In this work, we propose an evolutionary algorithm for solving LSMOPs based on Monte Carlo tree search, the so-called LMMOCTS, which aims to improve the performance and insensitivity for large-scale multiobjective optimization problems. The proposed method samples the decision variables to construct new nodes on the Monte Carlo tree for optimization and evaluation. It selects nodes with good evaluation for further search to reduce the performance sensitivity caused by large-scale decision variables. We compare the proposed algorithm with several state-of-the-art designs on different benchmark functions. We also propose two metrics to measure the sensitivity of the algorithm. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness and performance insensitivity of the proposed design for solving large-scale multiobjective optimization problems. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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On the Generalization of Machine-Learning-aided QoT Estimation in Optical Networks

On the Generalization of Machine-Learning-aided QoT Estimati...

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International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications ( WOCC)

作者： Hanyu Gao Liang Zhang Bin Zhang Xiaoliang Chen Zhaohui Li Guangdong Provincial Key Labratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering George Mason University Fairfax VA USA

This paper presents a composable machine learning method for generalizing the quality-of-transmission (QoT) metric estimation in optical networks. The composable machine learning approach characterizes this metric for lightpaths of arbitrary lengths by compositions of launch, propagation and readout modules. Results verify the feasibility of the design and show its successful application in facilitating autonomous lightpath provisioning.

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Claw U-Net: A UNet Variant Network with Deep Feature Concatenation for Scleral Blood Vessel Segmentation 1st

Claw U-Net: A UNet Variant Network with Deep Feature Conca...

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1st CAAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, CICAI 2021

作者： Yao, Chang Tang, Jingyu Hu, Menghan Wu, Yue Guo, Wenyi Li, Qingli Zhang, Xiao-Ping Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing East China Normal University Shanghai China Department of Ophthalmology Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783030930486

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a vascular malformation disease, and it may cause blindness if the patient’s condition is severe. Clinical results show that SWS can be divided into two types based on the characteristics of scleral blood vessels. Therefore, how to accurately segment scleral blood vessels has become a significant problem in computer-aided diagnosis. In this research, we propose to continuously upsample the bottom layer’s feature maps to preserve image details, and design a novel Claw UNet based on UNet for scleral blood vessel segmentation. Specifically, the residual structure is used to increase the number of network layers in the feature extraction stage to learn deeper features. In the decoding stage, by fusing the features of the encoding, upsampling, and decoding parts, Claw UNet can achieve effective segmentation in the fine-grained regions of scleral blood vessels. To effectively extract small blood vessels, we use the attention mechanism to calculate the attention coefficient of each position in images. Claw UNet outperforms other UNet-based networks on scleral blood vessel dataset. The robustness test also shows that the network structure has a better effect in resisting external Gaussian blur. The scleral blood vessel dataset can be downloaded by https://***/s/87d375bb37fd72912bee. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Blood vessels

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arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Keke Chen, Weiling Zhao, Tiesong Wang, Zhou Fujian Key Lab for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou350108 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

Image Quality Assessment (IQA) with references plays an important role in optimizing and evaluating computer vision tasks. Traditional methods assume that all pixels of the reference and test images are fully aligned. Such Aligned-Reference IQA (AR-IQA) approaches fail to address many real-world problems with various geometric deformations between the two images. Although significant effort has been made to attack Geometrically-Disparate-Reference IQA (GDR-IQA) problem, it has been addressed in a task-dependent fashion, for example, by dedicated designs for image super-resolution and retargeting, or by assuming the geometric distortions to be small that can be countered by translation-robust filters or by explicit image registrations. Here we rethink this problem and propose a unified, non-training-based Deep Structural Similarity (DeepSSIM) approach to address the above problems in a single framework, which assesses structural similarity of deep features in a simple but efficient way and uses an attention calibration strategy to alleviate attention deviation. The proposed method, without application-specific design, achieves state-of-the-art performance on AR-IQA datasets and meanwhile shows strong robustness to various GDR-IQA test cases. Interestingly, our test also shows the effectiveness of DeepSSIM as an optimization tool for training image super-resolution, enhancement and restoration, implying an even wider generalizability. 1 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Restoration

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Graph-based Simultaneous Localization and Bias Tracking

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Venus, Alexander Leitinger, Erik Tertinek, Stefan Meyer, Florian Witrisal, Klaus The Signal Processing and Speech Communication Laboratory Graz University of Technology Graz Austria The Christian Doppler Laboratory for Location-aware Electronic Systems Austria NXP Semiconductors Gratkorn Austria The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego San DiegoCA United States

We present a factor graph formulation and particle-based sum-product algorithm for robust localization and tracking in multipath-prone environments. The proposed sequential algorithm jointly estimates the mobile agent’s position together with a time-varying number of multipath components (MPCs). The MPCs are represented by "delay biases" corresponding to the offset between line-of-sight (LOS) component delay and the respective delays of all detectable MPCs. The delay biases of the MPCs capture the geometric features of the propagation environment with respect to the mobile agent. Therefore, they can provide position-related information contained in the MPCs without explicitly building a map of the environment. We demonstrate that the position-related information enables the algorithm to provide high-accuracy position estimates even in fully obstructed line-of-sight (OLOS) situations. Using simulated and real measurements in different scenarios we demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms state-of-the-art multipath-aided tracking algorithms and show that the performance of our algorithm constantly attains the posterior Cramér-Rao lower bound (P-CRLB). Furthermore, we demonstrate the implicit capability of the proposed method to identify unreliable measurements and, thus, to mitigate lost tracks. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Mobile agents

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An Insight Into Neurodegeneration: Harnessing Functional MRI Connectivity in the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment

An Insight Into Neurodegeneration: Harnessing Functional MRI...

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17th International Joint Conference on Biomedical engineering Systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2024

作者： Han, Shuning Sun, Zhe Zhao, Kanhao Duan, Feng Caiafa, Cesar F. Zhang, Yu Solé-Casals, Jordi Data and Signal Processing Research Group University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia Catalonia Vic08500 Spain Image Processing Research Group RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics Riken Saitama Wako-Shi Japan Faculty of Health Data Science Juntendo University Chiba Urayasu Japan Department of Bioengineering Lehigh University BethlehemPA18015 United States Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Intelligent Rehabilitation Nankai University Tianjin China Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía-CCT La Plata CONICET/ CIC-PBA/ UNLP V. Elisa 1894 Argentina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lehigh University BethlehemPA18015 United States Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge CambridgeCB20SZ United Kingdom

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive form of memory loss that worsens over time. Detecting it early, when memory issues are mild, is crucial for effective interventions. Recent advancements in computer technology, specifically Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs), have proven to be powerful tools for analyzing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data comprehensively. In this study, we developed a GCN framework for diagnosing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by examining the functional connectivity (FC) derived from resting-state functional MRI (rfMRI) data. Our research systematically explored various types and processing methods of FC, evaluating their performance on the OASIS-3 dataset. The experimental results revealed several key findings. On the one hand, the proposed GCN exhibited significantly superior performance over both the baseline GCN and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) models, with statistically significant differences. It attained the highest average accuracy of 80.3% and a peak accuracy of 88.2%. On the other hand, the GCN frame work obtained using individual FCs showed overall slightly better performance than the one using global FCs. However, it is important to note that GCNs using global networks with appropriate connectivity can achieve comparable or even better performance than individual networks in certain cases. Finally, our results also indicate that the connectivity within specific brain regions, such as VIS, DMN, SMN, VAN, and FPC, may play a more significant role in GCN-based MRI classification for MCI diagnosis. These findings significantly contribute to the understanding of neurodegenerative disorders and offer valuable insights into the diverse ap plications of GCNs in brain analysis and disease detection. © 2024 by SCITEPRESS– Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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