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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Z. Banjanin J.R. Cruz D.S. Zrnic Cooperative Institute for Mesoscare Meteorological Studies University of Oklahama Norman OK USA Communications and Signal Processing Laboratory (CSPLab) School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Oklahama Norman OK USA

Linear-prediction-based methods are applied to mean Doppler estimation of radar signals in the presence of ground clutter when only a small number of samples is available for processing. The authors show the ability of these methods to resolve weather signals from ground clutter in unfavourable conditions, i.e. when the clutter is stronger and its spectrum is narrower than the signal's. It is shown that the Prony method can be applied to this task. In addition, given the a priori information about ground clutter, the Prony method can be simplified to derive a convenient formula for mean Doppler frequency estimation in the presence of ground clutter. This estimator can be considered as a generalization of the pulse-pair (PP) estimator. Such a scheme can give satisfactory results in resolving weather signals from ground clutter for signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) above 20 dB. The eigendecomposition-based minimum-norm method is applied to lower the SNR threshold to 10 dB. The methods are compared with combinations of various ground clutter filters and the PP estimator.< >

关键词： Doppler radar Radar clutter Frequency estimation Meteorological radar Signal resolution Filters Vectors Signal processing Weather forecasting Reflection

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Morphological based target enhancement algorithms to counter the hostile nuclear environment

Morphological based target enhancement algorithms to counter...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： C.H.G. Wright E.J. Delp N.C. Gallagher HQ Space Systems Division Los Angeles Air Force Base Los Angeles CA USA Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

It is noted that a necessary requirement of a strategic defense system is the detection of incoming nuclear warheads in an environment that may include nuclear detonations of undetected or missed target warheads. A computer model is described which simulates incoming warheads as distant endoatmospheric targets. A model of the expected electromagnetic noise present in the nuclear environment is developed; predicted atmospheric effects are included. Various morphological-based image-enhancement algorithms are examined with regard to their ability to suppress the noise and atmospheric effects of the nuclear environment. These algorithms are then tested, using the combined target and noise models, and evaluated in terms of noise removal and the ability to resolve closely spaced targets.< >

关键词： Counting circuits Atmospheric modeling Working environment noise Nuclear weapons Computational modeling computer simulation Predictive models Electromagnetic modeling Electromagnetic interference Testing

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A new hierarchy of hypercube interconnection schemes for parallel computers

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The Journal of Supercomputing 1988年第1期2卷 81-108页

作者： Lakshmivarahan, S. Dhall, Sudarshan K. Parallel Processing Institute School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Oklahoma Norman 73069 OK United States

This paper introduces a new hierarchy of cube-based interconnection schemes, called the base-b cube (which properly contains the well-known binary cube), for the design of parallel computers. This hierarchy admits a recursive definition and allows many more reconfigurations than are possible with the binary cube. Our analysis addresses the inherent cost-delay trade-off for this hierarchy along with a number of related topological properties such as sparsity, diameter, existence of node disjoint paths, and odd and even cycles. Embeddings of standard interconnection schemes including linear and two-dimensional arrays, rings, and complete binary trees in a base-b cube are illustrated. © 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

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A model of task migration in partitionable parallel processing systems

A model of task migration in partitionable parallel processi...

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Frontiers of Massively parallel Computation

作者： T. Schwederski H.J. Siegel T.L. Casavant Parallel Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering School Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

The effects of task migration (i.e. movement of a task from one partition to another) in systems with multistage cube or hypercube networks are studied. Direct overhead encompasses the cost of moving the task when no other tasks affect the migration, while indirect overhead is the additional time needed for migration that is due to influences of other tasks. The sum of direct and indirect overhead is the time needed to migrate a task. In addition, the migration can affect other tasks, and thus can incur a migration penalty. The indirect overhead and migration penalty represent the interference that can occur in the interconnection network between the migrating task and other tasks attempting to use the network simultaneously. A model for parameterizing migration costs is given. This research is part of the PASM parallel-processing project.< >

关键词： parallel processing Hypercubes Multiprocessor interconnection networks Costs Intelligent networks parallel machines Load management Laboratories Interference Microelectronics

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An analysis of disjoint path properties in data manipulator networks

An analysis of disjoint path properties in data manipulator ...

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Frontiers of Massively parallel Computation

作者： W.G. Nation H.J. Siegel Parallel Processing Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

Properties of disjoint paths between a given source (S) and destination (D) in data manipulator networks are examined. The condition that must be present to have disjoint paths through the network for a given S and D pair is presented. It is proven that the maximum number of disjoint paths for any S/D pair is two, and a method for finding the routing tags that specify these paths is given. The effect of a fault in a given stage of the network on the number of S/D pairs that can be connected is also discussed.< >

关键词： Intelligent networks parallel processing Multiprocessor interconnection networks Routing Supercomputers Laboratories Large-scale systems computer networks Concurrent computing LAN interconnection

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Low-level programming of parallel supercomputers

Low-level programming of parallel supercomputers

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IEEE Annual International computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： T.L. Casavant Parallel Processing Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

It is suggested that, while high-level-language and OS abstractions have evolved gradually and intelligently over the years with respect to single-instruction, single-data stream machines, these abstractions should not necessarily be provided in early generations of parallel supercomputers. Experience with low-level programming must precede the definition and evolution of abstractions for such machines. Future systems will naturally evolve to the correct level of abstraction, but experimentation with current machines must proceed as much as possible at levels that allow direct examination and evaluation of machine characteristics. Further, new software and hardware techniques should be developed to provide services that will be necessary, such as secure access to multiuser devices.< >

关键词： parallel programming Supercomputers parallel processing Concurrent computing Application software Hardware Interference computer architecture Security Laboratories

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Experimentally based parallel architecture evaluation

Experimentally based parallel architecture evaluation

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IEEE Annual International computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： S.A. Fineberg Parallel Processing Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

A technique for architectural evaluation that has been used with good results and that is applicable to most experimental and commercial machines is proposed. This technique is that of careful experimentation on a bare system, i.e. one without a resident kernel, operating system, or high-level language support. The experimentation involves the implementation of simple algorithms designed to utilize the basic features of the architecture and exploit its unique features. This technique makes possible the analysis of an architecture without the complexities introduced by most operating systems and compilers and can yield insight beneficial in future language, compiler, operating system, application, and system design. Hybrid SIMD/MIMD architectures are considered as an example.< >

关键词： parallel architectures Operating systems Hardware Partitioning algorithms parallel processing Laboratories computer architecture Computational modeling Analytical models computer simulation

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Experimental analysis of SIMD recursive digital filtering on the PASM system prototype

Experimental analysis of SIMD recursive digital filtering on...

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IEEE Annual International computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： M.J. McPheters T.L. Casavant Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Parallel Processing Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

Experimental analyses of an implementation of an SIMD algorithm for recursive digital filtering using the partitionable SIMD/MIMD (PASM) parallel processing system prototype at Purdue University are presented. The algorithm used easily generalizes to use N processing elements (PEs). Timing-based analyses are made based on a four-PE version by examining the following constituent execution times: microcontroller execution time, PE execution time, broadcast communication time, and the execution time of five additional phases in the recursive digital filtering summation calculation. Broadcast execution time was found to account for roughly 44% of the total execution time, and the implication of this is discussed for larger problem sizes and machine sizes. The total measured execution time is verified through summation of execution times for the various components of the algorithm.< >

关键词： Digital filters Prototypes Filtering algorithms parallel processing Partitioning algorithms Algorithm design and analysis Analytical models Performance analysis Laboratories Communication system control

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Communication techniques in parallel processing 4th

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4th International DFVLR Seminar on Foundations of engineering Sciences, 1987

作者： Siegel, Howard Jay Hsu, William Tsun-yuk Jeng, Menkae Nation, Wayne G. Supercomputing Research Center 4380 Forbes Blvd LanhamMD20706 United States Center for Supercomputing Research & Development University of Illinois UrbanaIL61801 United States PASM Parallel Processing Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783540189237

Large-scale parallel processing is one basis for the design of the supercomputer systems needed for many scientific, industrial, and military applications. The interconnection network in a parallel processing system provides the vehicle for communications among the processors and memories. Eight interconnection techniques for supporting large-scale parallelism (e.g., 26 to 216 processors) are overviewed. These are the Cube, Shuffle-Exchange, PM21 (Plus-Minus 2i), and FNN (Four Nearest Neighbor) single stage networks, and the Generalized Cube, Extra Stage Cube, Augmented Data Manipulator, and Dynamic Redundancy multistage networks. © 1988, Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Military applications

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Automatic interpretation of echocardiograms-a computer vision approach

Automatic interpretation of echocardiograms-a computer visio...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： C.H. Chu E.J. Delp Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

Cardiac function is often evaluated quantitatively using two-dimensional echocardiography to analyze shape attributes, such as the heart wall thickness or the shape change of the heart wall boundaries. A review of previous work in detecting the heart wall boundaries is presented, along with how this problem can be viewed from a computer vision perspective. The principles of echo image sequence analysis and high-level analysis are described. It is suggested that one promising approach is to use multiple-resolution processing by using a large window smoothed image for the initial detection of major edge segments, followed by smaller and smaller windows until a complete boundary is found.< >

关键词： computer vision Heart Image edge detection Image processing Echocardiography Image segmentation Event detection Image analysis Shape Data mining

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