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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Alireza Akhondi-Asl Kourosh Jafari-Khouzani Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh Image Analysis Laboratory Department of Diagnostic Radiology Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA School of Cognitive Sciences Institute of Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics Tehran Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441259

We introduce a 3D segmentation framework which uses principal shapes. The probabilistic energy function of the method is defined based on intensity, tissue type, and location information of the structures using a multiple atlas method. For intensity information, nonparametric probability density function is used which considers intensity relation of different structures. To find a local minimum of the energy function, a two-step optimization strategy is used. In the first step, shape parameters are optimized based on the analytic derivatives of the energy function. In the second step, shapes of the structures are fine-tuned using a level set method. The proposed method is shown to be superior to some popular methods in the literature using a dataset of 64 patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. In addition, the method can be used for lateralization with accuracy close to that of manual segmentation.

关键词： Hippocampus Temporal lobe Epilepsy Image segmentation Principal component analysis Shape control Probability density function Level set Skull Algorithm design and analysis

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Quasimonoenergetic Proton Bunch Generation by Dual-Peaked Electrostatic-Field Acceleration in Foils Irradiated by an Intense Linearly Polarized Laser

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Physical Review Letters 2010年第6期105卷 065003-065003页

作者： H. B. Zhuo (卓红斌) Z. L. Chen (陈正林) W. Yu (余玮) Z. M. Sheng (盛政明) M. Y. Yu (郁明阳) Z. Jin (金展) R. Kodama (兒玉了祐) Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 People’s Republic of China Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 People’s Republic of China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics CAS Beijing 100080 People’s Republic of China Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People’s Republic of China Institute for Theoretical Physics I Ruhr University Bochum D-44780 Germany Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan

It is found that stable proton acceleration from a thin foil irradiated by a linearly polarized ultraintense laser can be realized for appropriate foil thickness and laser intensity. A dual-peaked electrostatic field, originating from the oscillating and nonoscillating components of the laser ponderomotive force, is formed around the foil surfaces. This field combines radiation-pressure acceleration and target normal sheath acceleration to produce a single quasimonoenergetic ion bunch. A criterion for this mechanism to be operative is obtained and verified by two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. At a laser intensity of ∼5.5×1022 W/cm2, quasimonoenergetic GeV proton bunches are obtained with ∼100 MeV energy spread, less than 4° spatial divergence, and ∼50% energy conversion efficiency from the laser.

关键词： Germanium compounds

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Improved rice algorithm of lossless compression for on-board images

Improved rice algorithm of lossless compression for on-board...

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International Conference on Multimedia Technology

作者： Wei, Yong-Wang Ding, Qing-Hai Luo, Hai-Bo Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang 110016 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Optical-Electronics Information Processing Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang 110016 China Key Laboratory of Image Understanding and Computer Vision Liaoning Province 110016 China Electrical and Information Engineering College Beihua University Jilin 132021 China Research Institute of General Development and Demonstration of Equipment Equipment Academy of Air Force Beijing100076 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424478743

Aiming at the problems of the relatively lower compression ratio and the difficulty in hardware implementation regarding Rice lossless compression algorithm for the Space-borne Remote-sensing images, an improved Rice method is proposed in which the length of predictor FIFO is determined by the size of input images and the global unicode for differences is used. The improved Rice algorithm is mainly composed of two steps, MED prediction for the whole row data and Rice global uniform entropy coding. The statistical results show that it can significantly reduce the spatial redundancy of the adjacent pixels and the mean value of image differences. The compression bit rate is reduced approximately 0.4581 bpp(bit/pixel) against the original Rice algorithm. Furthermore, the new way reserves the all detail information of the input images throughout the whole encoding process. Because we split the all samples with the same mode, the proportion of the identifier of the splitting mechanic in the output data stream is reduced and the compression ratio is increased. The improvement can reduce the encoding complexity and be easily implemented for hardware application. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Signal encoding

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Matrix Inversion on the Cell/B.E. Processor

Matrix Inversion on the Cell/B.E. Processor

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IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC)

作者： Shodai Yokoyama Kazuya Matsumoto Stanislav Sedukhin Distributed Parallel Processing Laboratory Graduate School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Aizu Japan

The problem of inverting matrices is one that occurs in some problems of practical importance. This paper introduces and evaluates the block algorithm for high performance matrix inversion on the Cell Broadband Engine (Cell/B.E.) processor. The Cell/B.E. is a heterogeneous multi-core processor on a single-chip jointly developed by Sony, Toshiba and IBM, which has a very high speed of the single precision floating-point arithmetic. The discussed matrix inversion algorithm is a combination of the block algebraic path problem algorithm and the well-known block matrix inversion algorithm based on the LU decomposition. For relatively big matrices, this combined block algorithm spends the most time in computing matrix-matrix multiplication of blocks and achieves 149.4 Gflop/s on Cell/B.E., when PPE and six SPEs of PlayStation3 are used, or 93.4% of the aggregated double (PPE) and single (SPEs) precision peak performance, which is 160.0 Gflop/s.

关键词： Matrix decomposition Partitioning algorithms Floating-point arithmetic Engines Multicore processing Microprocessors Reduced instruction set computing High performance computing parallel processing computer science

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Mixed H2/H8 power control with adaptive QoS for wireless communication networks 10

Mixed H2/H8 power control with adaptive QoS for wireless com...

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2009 10th European Control Conference, ECC 2009

作者： Abbas-Turki, M. Chaves, F. De S. Abou-Kandil, H. Romano, J.M.T. Laboratory SATIE École Normale Supérieure de Cachan Cachan94235 France Laboratory of Signal Processing for Communications - DSPCom School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783952417393

A distributed automatic control solution for power allocation of wireless communication networks is proposed in this paper. The objectif is to combine the best features of both conventional and opportunistic power control, namely, fairness and opportunism on the QoS provision. In a first step, the Distributed Power Control (DPC) problem is formulated as a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) problem. Desired QoS and transmitter power are introduced in the model and an autonomous adaptive operation mode is designed to allow suitable operation under different network conditions. In the sequence, methods of mixed H2/H8 control are applied to provide robust, but not overconservative algorithms. computer simulations illustrate the capability of the proposed algorithms in managing the trade-off between fairness and opportunism, so as their robustness with respect to practical impairments. © 2009 EUCA.

关键词： Quality of service

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A novel arbitration scheme for bandwidth and jitter guarantees in asynchronous NoCs

A novel arbitration scheme for bandwidth and jitter guarante...

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International CSI computer Conference, CSICC

作者： Marzieh Lenjani Mahmoud Reza Hashemi Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Iran

On-chip network interconnections or network-on-chip (NOC) is viewed as a possible solution to global wiring issues in highly integrated complex systems. In current NoCs and in order to promote system level integrity, there is a growing need to provide different traffic classes, each with a different quality-of-service guarantee. In synchronous NOCs guaranteed service is provided by reserving time slots. Asynchronous NOC implementation, on the other hand, eliminates the need for synchronization when crossing clock domains. In asynchronous NOCs there is no notation of time and arbitration. Any delay in arbitration or refusing requests in arbitration results in the accumulation of data in switch buffers. In this paper a novel arbitration scheme for clockless NoCs has been proposed that is able to service a connection without any halt or jitter in streaming. Consequently, links with a burst traffic pattern and guaranteed bandwidth requirement can be implemented without any large buffers. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method is able to reduce switch buffer size, and hence power consumption in any NoC platform that is providing guaranteed bandwidth requirements in applications with burst data characteristics. For instance, in an MPEG-2 decoder mapped to a 3×2 mesh with 8 guaranteed bandwidth channels in each port, the proposed arbitration scheme is able to reduce the buffer size by 25%. The improvement increases to %47 for a JPEG2000 encoder mapped to a 3×3 mesh.

关键词： Bandwidth Jitter Network-on-a-chip Switches Clocks System-on-a-chip Wiring Telecommunication traffic Quality of service Synchronization

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A cost-error optimized architecture for 9/7 lifting based Discrete Wavelet Transform with balanced pipeline stages

A cost-error optimized architecture for 9/7 lifting based Di...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Alireza Aminlou Fatemeh Refan M.R. Hashemi Omid Fatemi Saeed Safari Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424423538

Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is increasingly recognized in image/video compression standards, as indicated by its use in JPEG2000. The lifting scheme algorithm is an alternative DWT implementation that has a lower computational complexity. In this paper, a new high performance lifting-based architecture is presented for the 9/7 DWT engine. The proposed architecture has a balanced pipeline and improves both the computational error and hardware complexity for any given working frequency. In the proposed architecture, the constant coefficients are modified by introducing new variables to the conventional lifting structure to minimize hardware cost and computational error, imposed by quantization of coefficients. Simulation results indicate a quality improvement of up to 15 dB when compared to an architecture using the standard coefficients that has the same hardware cost and working frequency. Similarly, the hardware cost is reduced by about 20% when both architectures deliver the same PSNR when operating at the same frequency.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms Pipelines computer architecture Hardware Frequency Costs Image recognition Video compression Transform coding Computational complexity

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An improved R-D optimized motion estimation method for video coding

An improved R-D optimized motion estimation method for video...

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Picture Coding Symposium, PCS

作者： Alireza Aminlou Mojtaba Farmani Mahmoud Reza Hashemi Omid Fatemi Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

Motion estimation is one of the key tools to achieve a very low bit rate in video coding. The selection of optimum motion vectors (MV) has a significant impact on the quality of the resulted compressed video, in Rate-Distortion (R-D) sense. The established method uses the Lagrange multiplier to optimally select the MV for each block. However, it does not consider the effect of residual coding at the same time with the effect of MVs. In this paper, we have considered the effect of residual coding in motion vector (MV) selection with modeling motion estimation and residual coding as independent processes which results in a new optimization condition. It is based on local optimization, which is the bit allocation between motion estimation and residual coding, and global optimization, which is the bit allocation among different blocks. The proposed motion estimation algorithm results in a PSNR improvement of 0.5 - 3.0 dB when it is used in the H.264 standard with block size of 4 times 4.

关键词： Optimization methods Motion estimation Video coding Lagrangian functions Bit rate Rate distortion theory Rate-distortion Iterative algorithms Quantization Video compression

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Generating optimal look-up tables to achieve complex color space transformations

Generating optimal look-up tables to achieve complex color s...

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IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： Satyam Srivastava Thanh H. Ha Edward J. Delp Jan P. Allebach Video and Image Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

Color space transformations are very common in digital imaging and display systems. Their complex mathematics requires hardware friendly implementations to make them practical. In this paper, look-up tables (LUT) are described for implementation of the color transformations. We show that this is possible because an analytical model of the transform is available for training and cross-validation. We identify parameters that affect the performance of a LUT-based system and then formulate the solution as an optimization problem.

关键词： Table lookup Liquid crystal displays Color computer displays Sampling methods Image processing Digital images Mathematics Hardware Analytical models

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SOURCE SCANNER IDENTIFICATION FOR SCANNED DOCUMENTS

SOURCE SCANNER IDENTIFICATION FOR SCANNED DOCUMENTS

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IEEE International Workshop on Information Forensics and Security (WIFS)

作者： Nitin Khanna Edward J. Delp Video and Image Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

Recently there has been a great deal of interest using features intrinsic to a data-generating sensor for the purpose of source identification. Numerous methods have been proposed for different problems related to digital image forensics. The goal of our work is to identify the scanner used for generating a scanned (digital) version of a printed (hard-copy) document. In this paper we describe the use of texture analysis to identify the scanner used to scan a text document. The efficacy of our proposed method is also demonstrated.

关键词： Scanner forensics Document forensics

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