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Reduced Reference Watermark-Based Image Transmission Quality Metric

Reduced Reference Watermark-Based Image Transmission Quality...

引用

3rd International Symposium on Communications, Control, and Signal processing (ISCCSP 2008), vol.1

作者： Mohammad Hosain Kayvanrad Shabnam Sodagari Alireza Nasiri Avanaki Hossein Ahmadi-Noubari Embedded Video (EV) Laboratory Department of ECE National University of Singapore Singapore Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Iran Department of ECE University of British Columbia University of Tehran Iran

A novel reduced reference (RR) method of channel estimation for image transmission through lossy channels is presented. Estimation is based on the amount of distortion the low frequency content of the image or its histogram suffers during transmission. This distortion is computed by sending the low frequency content of the original image or the corresponding histogram to the receiver by means of a robust watermark. Simulations for different types of images and different channel losses yield large amounts of correlation between the estimated Mean Square Error (MSE) and the structural similarity (SSIM) index.

关键词： Image transmission Reduced reference quality assessment Watermarking Two dimensional wavelet transform Histogram

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Feature fusion as a practical solution toward noncooperative iris recognition

Feature fusion as a practical solution toward noncooperative...

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Nima Tajbakhsh Babak N. Araabi Hamid Soltanianzadeh Control & Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran School of Cognitive Sciences Institute of Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics Tehran Iran Image Analysis Laboratory Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA

In noncooperative Iris recognition one should deal with uncontrolled behavior of the subject as well as uncontrolled lighting conditions. That means imperfect focus, contrast, brightness, and orientation among the others. To cope with this situation we propose to take iris images at both near infrared (NIR) and visible light (VL) and use them simultaneously for recognition. In this paper, a novel approach for iris recognition is proposed so that extracted features of NIR and VL images are fused to improve the recognition rate. When the images do not have enough quality due to focus, contrast, etc., effects of feature fusion is more pronounced. This is the situation in UTIRIS database, which is used in our experiments. Experimental results show that the proposed approach, especially in small training samples, leads to a remarkable improvement on recognition rate compared with either NIR or VL recognition.

关键词： Iris Feature extraction Discrete cosine transforms Image recognition Databases Training Humans

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Constrained optimization of nonparametric entropy-based segmentation of brain structures

Constrained optimization of nonparametric entropy-based segm...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Alireza Akhondi Asl Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh School of Cognitive Sciences Institute of Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics Tehran Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence (CIPCE) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Image Analysis Laboratory Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA

We propose a constrained, three-dimensional, nonparametric, entropy-based, coupled, multi-shape approach to segment subcortical brain structures from magnetic resonance images (MRI). The proposed method uses PCA to develop shape models that capture structural variability. It integrates geometrical relationship between different structures into the algorithm by coupling them (limiting their independent deformations). On the other hand, to allow variations among coupled structures, it registers each structure separately when building the shape models. It defines an entropy-based energy function, which is minimized using quasi-Newton algorithm. To this end, probability density functions (pdf) are estimated iteratively using nonparametric Parzen window method. In the optimization algorithm, constraints are used to improve segmentation quality. These constraints are extracted from training data. Sample results are given for the segmentation of caudate, hippocampus, and putamen, illustrating highly superior performance of the proposed method compared to the most similar methods in the literature.

关键词： Constraint optimization Brain Iterative algorithms Image segmentation Shape Couplings Magnetic resonance Magnetic resonance imaging Principal component analysis Buildings

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Towards an inclusive computational model of visual cortex

Towards an inclusive computational model of visual cortex

引用

IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： M. Gheiratmand H. Soltanian-Zadeh H. Khaloozadeh Electrical Engineering Department K.N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Image Analysis and Communications Laboratory Detroit MI USA School of Cognitive Sciences Institute for Studies Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM) Tehran Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Tehran Tehran Iran

Understanding the primatespsila visual system has been one of the challenging problems of different groups of scientists for years. Though many studies, from physiology and neuroscience to computer vision, are done on different aspects of visual processing in the cortex, a comprehensive computational model of visual cortex is still missing. We have implemented a computational model of object recognition in ventral visual pathway in our previous work. This hierarchical model covers visual areas V1/V2, V4/PIT, and AIT sending inputs to the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) for categorization. To extend our model, in this work, we have added a simple model of motion detection in neurons of areas V1 and MT of the dorsal stream to our previous model. This has enabled the model to perform another principal function of the visual cortex, i.e., motion perception.

关键词： Brain modeling Computational modeling Neurons Biological system modeling Object recognition Motion analysis Solid modeling Visual system computer vision Motion detection

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Digitally Enhanced Analog Circuits: System Aspects

Digitally Enhanced Analog Circuits: System Aspects

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2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2008), vol.2

作者： Boris Murmann Christian Vogel Heinz Koeppl Department of Electrical Engineering University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Signal Processing and Speech Communication Laboratory Graz University of Technology Graz Austria School of Communication and Computer Sciences EPF Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

An overview of digital enhancement techniques for analog circuits is presented. Recent research suggests that the high density and low energy of digital circuits can be leveraged to enable a new generation of interface electronics that is based on minimal precision, low complexity analog blocks. Today, examples of enhancement schemes can be found in diverse applications and include nonlinearity compensation of ADCs, predistortion of power amplifiers and mismatch calibration in radio receivers. Since it is often difficult to identify commonalities among these different, but conceptually related schemes, this tutorial paper aims to provide a unified and system-oriented perspective of the field.

关键词： Analog circuits Calibration Signal processing Microprocessors Circuit noise Digital circuits Linearity Power dissipation Signal resolution Digital signal processing

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Are filter methods very effective in gene selection of microarray data?

Are filter methods very effective in gene selection of micro...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine Workshops (BIBMW)

作者： Zhou-Jun Li Li-Juan Zhang Huo-Wang Chen School of Computer Science & Engineering Beihang University Beijing China National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing Changsha China

Feature (gene) selection is a frequently used preprocessing technology for successful cancer classification task in microarray gene expression data analysis. Widely used gene selection approaches are mainly focused on the filter methods. Filter methods are usually considered to be very effective and efficient for high-dimensional data. This paper reviews the existing filter methods, and shows the performance of the representative algorithms on microarray data by extensive experimental study. Surprisingly, the experimental results show that filter methods are not very effective on microarray data. We analyze the cause of the result and provide the basic ideas for potential solutions.

关键词： Filters Data analysis Classification algorithms Cancer Algorithm design and analysis computer science Data engineering Laboratories Distributed processing Gene expression

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E2E-PACK: A Cross-Layer Design for Multipath Routing over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

E2E-PACK: A Cross-Layer Design for Multipath Routing over Mo...

引用

International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware (COMSWARE)

作者： M. Yabandeh N. Yazdani M. Hashemi Router Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

Multipath routing is one of the applied approaches in mobile ad hoc networks to address their limited bandwidth and high route breakage rate. Unfortunately, using multiple paths for each connection increases the number of existing flows in a system. More flows mean more potential of interference among them and also more overhead due to competition for acquiring the shared channel. Nevertheless, existing multipath routing methods rarely address these issues. In this paper a new cross-layer scheme for multipath routing, namely E2E-PACK, has been proposed which piggy-backs the end-to-end acknowledgements on MAC layer signals such as CTS or ACK. The E2E-PACK reduces the reverse flow of each connection and hence the number of existing flows in the system. In addition, the minimal size of the extra information does not significantly increase the size of MAC layer signals and therefore does not cause any side effects. To evaluate its performance, the proposed method has been used to transport multimedia content in ns-2 simulator. The results indicate that by applying the proposed E2E-PACK to a simplified video streaming application, it could recover from packet loss faster than before while consuming less bandwidth. The results also demonstrate that the negligible augmented size in the MAC layer signals do not impair the transmission performance. The new technique improves the streaming quality by up to 1.87 dB.

关键词： Cross layer design Routing Mobile ad hoc networks Bandwidth Streaming media Jitter Laboratories Electronic mail Multimedia systems Interference

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A Rate-Constrained Pre-Compression Bit Allocation Algorithm for Memory Constrained Embedded Applications of JPEG2000

A Rate-Constrained Pre-Compression Bit Allocation Algorithm ...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Signal processing and Communications, ICSPC

作者： Alireza Aminlou Amir Naghdinezhad Mahmoud Reza Hashemi Omid Fatemi Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

The execution order of the main components in a JPEG2000 encoder, i.e. the coding sequence, plays a significant role in its performance, implementation cost and memory requirement. The coding sequence is mainly affected by the bit allocation strategy. Existing strategies either require a large working memory or can not be used in rate constrained applications. In this paper, an improved pre-compression bit allocation algorithm for rate-constrained applications of JPEG2000 is proposed. Using the proposed method with multi-layered coding, the memory requirement of a JPEG2000 system is reduced by more than 80%. This is at the expense of a quality degradation of merely 0.47 dB in average, for higher compression ratios of 50 to 100.

关键词： Bit rate Image coding Discrete wavelet transforms Signal processing algorithms Transform coding Video coding Rate distortion theory Application software Laboratories Embedded computing

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Mesh architecture for hardware implementation of Particle Swarm Optimization

Mesh architecture for hardware implementation of Particle Sw...

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International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems, ICIAS

作者： Amin Farmahini-Farahani Majid Laali Amir Moghimi Sied Mehdi Fakhraie Saeed Safari Silicon Intelligence and VLSI Signal Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Iran

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is an evolutionary computation method which has successfully been used in many engineering optimization problems. The major obstacle limiting the use of PSO in real-time applications is its long execution time. Hardware implementation of evolutionary algorithms has been employed to alleviate the high computational cost of complex optimization problems. In this paper, we propose a parallel scalable architecture which is well-suited for hardware implementation of PSO. The architecture is composed of a number of processing elements (PE) performing the algorithm computations that are connected to other PEs through communication channels. PEs are arranged based on the mesh architecture which provides either scalability or performance to execute computational intensive applications. Two communication methods are proposed based on the architecture which enable the system to solve different kinds of problems.

关键词： Hardware Switches Program processors computer architecture Particle swarm optimization Field programmable gate arrays Artificial intelligence

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Spatial Texture Models for Video Compression

Spatial Texture Models for Video Compression

引用

IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： Marc Bosch Fengqing Zhu Edward J. Delp Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

In this paper we integrate several spatial texture tools into a texture-based video coding scheme. We implemented texture techniques and segmentation strategies in order to detect texture regions in video sequences. These textures are analyzed using temporal motion techniques and are labeled as skipped areas that are not encoded. After the decoding process, frame reconstruction is performed by inserting the skipped texture areas into the decoded frames. We are able to show an improvement over previous texture-based implementations in terms of compression efficiency.

关键词： Video compression Decoding Image reconstruction Image coding Image segmentation Image texture analysis Video coding Feature extraction Synthesizers Video sequences

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