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Communication time models on fat-tree networks

Communication time models on fat-tree networks

引用

2010 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering, ICACTE 2010

作者： Lin, Yufei Xu, Xinhai Lin, Yisong National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing Computer School National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465408

With the growth of supercomputer's scale, the communication time during executing is increasing. This phenomenon arouses the architecture researchers' interests. In this paper, based on the fat-tree topology, which is widely used in Infiniband, we present an one-to-all broadcast communication time model. After classifying applications into two kinds, we establish the ideal model and the bandwidth-limited model on the exponential-capacity binary fat-trees for the two kinds of applications. Through analyzing the models, we get the curves which describe the relationship between the communication time and the processor number. The conclusions we get in this paper can help system designers make better system design. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Supercomputers

来源：评论

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Towards online application cache behaviors identification in CMPs

Towards online application cache behaviors identification in...

引用

IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communication

作者： Jia, Xiaomin Jiang, Jiang Zhao, Tianlei Qi, Shubo Zhang, Minxuan National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542140

On chip multiprocessors (CMPs) platforms, multiple co-scheduled applications can severely degrade performance and quality of service (QoS) when they contend for last-level cache (LLC) resources. Whether an application will impose destructive interference on co-scheduled applications is largely dependent on its own inherent cache access behavior characteristics. In this work, we first present case studies that show how inter-application interferences result in undesirable performance in both shared and private cache based LLC designs. We then propose a new online approach for application cache behavior identification on the basis of detailed simulation and analysis with SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks. We demonstrate that our approach can more concisely identify application cache behaviors. Moreover, the proposed approach can be implemented directly in hardware to dynamically identify the application cache behaviors at runtime. Finally, we show with two case studies that how the proposed approach can be adopted by both shared and private based cache sharing mechanisms, i.e. cache partitioning algorithms (CPAs) and cache spilling techniques, for more concise cache resource management. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Quality of service

来源：评论

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Communication delay analysis based on network calculus

Communication delay analysis based on network calculus

引用

2010 2nd International Conference on Software Technology and Engineering, ICSTE 2010

作者： Lin, Yufei Xu, Xinhai Lin, Yisong National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing Computer School National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424486656

Network calculus is a promising theory for analyzing and modeling networks based on min-plus algebra. Using network calculus theory, we propose formulas of arrival curve and service curve for end-to-end communication, build the corresponding time model, and derive the communication delay formulas for two scenarios of the model respectively. Then we take fat tree topology, which is widely used in Infiniband interconnection, as an example to analyze the delay of one-to-all broadcast. This paper, as a groundwork, provides a new approach for the network researchers to delve communication delay in future researches. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Calculations

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SemanticCast: Content-based data distribution over self-organizing semantic overlay networks

SemanticCast: Content-based data distribution over self-orga...

引用

11th International Conference on parallel and distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies, PDCAT 2010

作者： Zheng, Zhong Wang, Yijie National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542874

Many applications demand distributing data with different contents efficiently in the network environment with unreliable links and a high node churn. Existing approaches mostly focus on optimizing either efficiency or robustness of data distribution, and fail to ensure both of them simultaneously. In this paper, we propose SemanticCast - a content-based data distribution approach over self-organizing semantic overlay networks. SemanticCast maintains a self-organizing semantic overlay based on view exchange (called Crowd). In Crowd, each node seeks neighbors with more similar interests by periodically exchanging its neighbor list (called view) with a chosen neighbor. Through these nodes' self-organizing behavior, various interest communities emerge in the overlay. For data distribution over Crowd, SemanticCast adopts random walk to route data between interest communities, and adopts flooding to disseminate data inside the interested communities. The experimental results show that compared to existing approaches, SemanticCast can support efficient content-based data distribution in the unreliable and highly dynamic network environment. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Kernel fusion: An effective method for better power efficiency on multithreaded GPU

Kernel fusion: An effective method for better power efficien...

引用

2010 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Green Computing and Communications, GreenCom 2010, 2010 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing, CPSCom 2010

作者： Wang, Guibin Lin, YiSong Yi, Wei National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543314

As one of the most popular accelerators, Graphics processing Unit (GPU) has demonstrated high computing power in several application fields. On the other hand, GPU also produces high power consumption and has been one of the most largest power consumers in desktop and supercomputer systems. However, software power optimization method targeted for GPU has not been well studied. In this work, we propose kernel fusion method to reduce energy consumption and improve power efficiency on GPU architecture. Through fusing two or more independent kernels, kernel fusion method achieves higher utilization and much more balanced demand for hardware resources, which provides much more potential for power optimization, such as dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). Basing on the CUDA programming model, this paper also gives several different fusion methods targeted for different situations. In order to make judicious fusion strategy, we deduce the process of fusing multiple independent kernels as a dynamic programming problem, which could be well solved with many existing tools and be simply embedded into compiler or runtime system. To reduce the overhead introduced by kernel fusion, we also propose effective method to reduce the usage of shared memory and coordinate the thread space of the kernels to be fused. Detailed experimental evaluation validates that the proposed kernel fusion method could reduce energy consumption without performance loss for several typical kernels. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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CANSE: A churn adaptive approach to network size estimation

CANSE: A churn adaptive approach to network size estimation

引用

16th IEEE International Conference on parallel and distributed Systems, ICPADS 2010

作者： Ma, Xing-Kong Wang, Yi-Jie Zheng, Zhong National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543079

Network size is one of the fundamental information of distributed applications. The approach to estimate network size must feature both high accuracy and robustness in order to adapt to the dynamic environment in different topologies. However, existing approaches fail to guarantee accuracy and robustness simultaneously in dynamic topologies due to the randomness of nodes sampled. In this paper, we propose a churn adaptive approach to network size estimation - CANSE, which collects closest nodes in identification to each node's identification by sampling nodes periodically. Each node collects closest identifications by two schemes. One scheme is sampling random nodes from random walks along the topology. The other one is exchanging the closest identifications with other nodes. Finally, each node calculates the average spacing of the closest identifications collected to estimate network size. Compared with existing approaches, extensive experiments show that CANSE provides accurate estimation values quickly in various dynamic topologies. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Topology

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Power analysis and optimizations for GPU architecture using a power simulator

Power analysis and optimizations for GPU architecture using ...

引用

2010 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering, ICACTE 2010

作者： Wang, Guibin National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465408

As one of the most popular many-core architecture, GPUs have illustrated power in many non-graphic applications. Traditional general purpose computing systems tend to integrate GPU as the co-processor to accelerate parallel computing tasks. Meanwhile, GPUs also result in high power consumption, which accounts for a large proportion of the total system power consumption. In this paper, we mainly focus on the power analysis and optimizations for GPU architecture. The main contributions of this paper are: firstly, we establish a GPU power reserach platform, which is extended from an existing GPU simulator with several power models;secondly, we validate that, as the gap between shader core and memory speed becomes larger and larger, integrating more shader cores or enhancing running frequencies may not bring better performance, but results in higher energy consumption;thirdly, we show that traditional power optimization methods for CPUs, such as dynamic frequency scaling and concurrencythrottling, could be effectively applied on GPU architectures for better power efficiency, especially for memory-intensive applications. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Simulators

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Automatic Data Distribution for Improving Data Locality on the Cell BE Architecture

Automatic Data Distribution for Improving Data Locality on t...

引用

22nd International Workshop on Languages and Compilers for parallel Computing

作者： Wang, Miao Bodin, Francois Matz, Sebastien National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing NUDT China CAPS Entreprise Rennes France University of Rennes 1 Rennes France

ISBN: (纸本)9783642133732

Multicore systems provide potential to improve the performance of the applications. However, substantial programming effort is required to exploit the power of the parallelism. This paper presents a single source compiler to map the data-parallel programs onto Cell Broadband Engine. Based on the distributed memory model, the compiler performs automatic data distribution and generates SPMD programs with message-passing primitives for Cell. We evaluate our compiler using a range of computation intensive benchmarks, high performance is achieved on Cell platform. In contrast to OpenMP, our method can fully exploit data locality through managing the shared data using inter-processor communication instead of accessing main memory, which significantly reduces the off-chip memory access overhead.

关键词： Message passing

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Sim-spm: A simplescalar-based simulator for multi-level SPM memory hierarchy architecture

Sim-spm: A simplescalar-based simulator for multi-level SPM ...

引用

IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communication

作者： Ren, Xiaoguang Tang, Yuhua Tang, Tao Ye, Sen Wang, Huiquan Zhou, Jing National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542140

As a fast on-chip SRAM managed by software (the application and/or compiler), Scratchpad Memory (SPM) is widely used in many fields. This paper presents a SimpleScalar-based multi-level SPM memory hierarchy architecture simulator Sim-spm. We simulate the hardware of the multi-level SPM memory hierarchy successfully by extending Sim-outorder, which is an out-of-order simulator from SimpleScalar. Through the simulating memory method, the simulation framework of the multi-level SPM memory hierarchy has been built under the existing ISA (Instruction Set Architecture), which largely reduces the requirement to modify the existing compiler. The experimental results show that Sim-spm can accurately simulate the running state of the processor with a multi-level SPM memory hierarchy architecture, and it has a good prospect for the research of multi-level SPM memory hierarchy architecture. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Simulators

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Media access control protocol based on hybrid antennas in ad hoc networks

Media access control protocol based on hybrid antennas in ad...

引用

International Conference on Autonomic and Trusted Computing

作者： Ding, Yanrong Wang, Xiaodong Shen, Hu Guo, Pengyu National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542720

Nested Circular Directional MAC, a modified medium access control protocol of DMAC protocol, is proposed in this paper to support both directional antennas and omni-directional antennas simultaneously in one Ad Hoc network. Omni-directional antennas follow the RTS/CTS mechanism which is multi-hop and directional antennas follow the DRTS/DCTS mechanism, ensuring the asymmetric communication effectively. In order to resolve new deafness problem and hidden terminal problem, the directional antennas also use circular DRTS and nested antenna circumrotation. Simulation results show that NCDMAC supports hybrid antennas effectively and is better than MMAC and Circular-MAC in terms of increasing throughput, but it also increases the communication delay. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Ad hoc networks

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