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12th Ada-Europe International Conference, 1993

作者： Burns, A. Wellings, A.J. Hutcheon, A.D. Real-time and Distributed Systems Research Group Department of Computer Science University of York United Kingdom York Software Engineering Ltd United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783540568025

When analysing hard real-time systems for their performance properties, most scheduling models either ignore the timing characteristics of the underlying run-time support kernel entirely or have a very simple model of its behaviour. However, when engineering an actual implementation, it is necessary to tailor the scheduling theory so that the actual performance characteristics of the run-time system are adequately addressed. Failure to do this may result in a "guaranteed" task missing its deadline. In this paper we investigate an actual Ada run-time kernel and give performance measures for clock handling and delay queue manipulation. The impact these measures have on the scheduling models are discussed. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1993.

关键词： Real time systems

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Transaction specification for object-oriented realtime systems in HRT-HOOD 2nd

Transaction specification for object-oriented realtime syste...

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2nd International Eurospace-Ada-Europe Symposium, Ada in Europe 1995

作者： Cornwell, Pete Wellings, Andy Distributed Objects Research Group Department of Computing Bournemouth University Dorset United Kingdom Real-Time Systems Research Group Department of Computer Science University of York York United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)3540607579

Object-oriented development is a structuring paradigm. It does not provide substantial support for the specification of ‘end to end’ control and data flow. This has implications for hard real-time system development, where applications may specify ‘end to end’ response times, also known as transactions. This paper introduces a graphical notation for the specification of transactions in HRT-HOOD, an object-oriented design technique for hard real-time system development. It provides an overview of the notation, and its practical application as part of a ‘top-down’ development process. This is illustrated through a case study, based on a naval command-control system. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996.

关键词： Specifications

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Self-organizing hierarchical cluster timestamps 7

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7th European Conference on parallel Computing, Euro-Par 2001

作者： Ward, Paul A. S. Taylor, David J. Shoshin Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)3540424954

distributed-system observation tools require an efficient data structure to store and query the partial-order of execution. Such data structures typically use vector timestamps to efficiently answer precedence queries. Many current vector-timestamp algorithms either have a poor time/space complexity tradeoff or are static. This limits the scalability of such observation tools. One algorithm, centralized hierarchical cluster timestamps, has potentially a good time/space tradeoff provided that the clusters accurately capture communication locality. However, that algorithm, as described, uses pre-determined, contiguous clusters. In this paper we extend that algorithm to enable a dynamic selection of clusters. We present experimental results that demonstrate that our extension is more stable with cluster size and provides timestamps whose average size is consistently superior to the pre-determined cluster approach. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001.

关键词： Data structures

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A hierarchical particle swarm optimizer for dynamic optimization problems

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European Workshop on Applications of Evolutionary Computation, EvoWorkshops 2004: EvoBIO, EvoCOMNET, EvoHOT, EvoIASP, EvoMUSART, and EvoSTOC

作者： Janson, Stefan Middendorf, Martin Parallel Computing and Complex Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of Leipzig Augustusplatz 10/11 LeipzigD-04109 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783540213789

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) methods for dynamic function optimization are studied in this paper. We compare dynamic variants of standard PSO and Hierarchical PSO (H-PSO) on different dynamic benchmark functions. Moreover, a new type of hierarchical PSO, called Partitioned H-PSO (PH-PSO), is proposed. In this algorithm the hierarchy is partitioned into several sub-swarms for a limited number of generations after a change occurred. Different methods for determining the time when to rejoin the hierarchy and how to handle the topmost sub-swarm are discussed. The test results show that H-PSO performs significantly better than PSO on all test functions and that the PH-PSO algorithms often perform best on multimodal functions where changes are not too severe. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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A Simulative Approach to AMR Fleet Sizing in Decentralized Multi-Robot Task Allocation 28

A Simulative Approach to AMR Fleet Sizing in Decentralized M...

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28th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2023

作者： Gödeke, Jana Detzner, Peter Fraunhofer Institute for Material Flow and Logistics Department for AI and Autonomous Systems Dortmund Germany Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Computer Science Distributed and Networked Systems Group Bochum Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350339918

As the Industry 4.0 shifts towards the adoption of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) in warehouses, decentralized decision-making has become a key design principle. Multi-robot task allocation (MRTA) is a problem that involves assigning tasks to AMRs while optimizing the performance of the system. However, modeling decentralized MRTA applications for optimization without a central instance poses significant challenges due to the autonomy and flexibility of AMRs. In this paper, we propose a simulative approach to address the fleet sizing problem combined with decentralized MRTA applications for AMRs. Based on simulation data, models have been developed that predict key performance indicators (KPIs) for different warehouse layouts and requirements, using techniques from machine learning and mathematical optimization. The model represents KPIs such as constraint satisfaction and utilization rates in a decentralized MRTA scenario including a self-organizing material flow application. Based on this model, we introduce a fleet size selection mechanism. This research contributes to the field of Industry 4.0 by providing a generalizable simulative approach that is adaptable to flexible warehouse environments, allowing for the application of any MRTA algorithm. Moreover, this approach allows the integration of different KPIs, facilitating the adaptation of requirements. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Warehouses

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A search-based approach for architectural design of feedback control concerns in Self-Adaptive systems

A search-based approach for architectural design of feedback...

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2013 IEEE 7th International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing systems, SASO 2013

作者： Andrade, Sandro S. De A. Macedo, Raimundo Jose GSORT Distributed Systems Group Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Bahia Salvador-Ba Brazil Department of Computer Science Federal University of Bahia Salvador-Ba Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780769551296

A number of approaches for endowing systems with self-Adaptive behavior have been proposed over the past years. Among such efforts, architecture-centric solutions with explicit representation of feedback loops have currently been advocated as a promising research landscape. Although noteworthy results have been achieved on some fronts, the lack of systematic representations of architectural knowledge and effective support for well-informed trade-off decisions still poses significant challenges when designing modern self-Adaptive systems. In this paper, we present a systematic and flexible representation of design dimensions related to feedback control concerns, a set of metrics which estimate quality attributes of resulting automated designs, and a search-based approach to find out a set of Pareto-optimal candidate architectures. The proposed approach has been fully implemented in a supporting tool and a case study with a self-Adaptive cloud computing environment has been undertaken. The results indicate that our approach effectively captures the most prominent degrees of freedom when designing self-Adaptive systems, helps to elicit effective subtle designs, and provides useful support for early analysis of trade-off decisions. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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Towards a Unified Flow Description Language for CPPSs: An Example with Material Flows 29

Towards a Unified Flow Description Language for CPPSs: An Ex...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2024

作者： Gödeke, Jana Hörstrup, Maximilian Detzner, Peter Fraunhofer Institute for Material Flow and Logistics Department for Ai and Autonomous Systems Dortmund Germany Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Computer Science Distributed and Networked Systems Group Bochum Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361230

This paper presents a unified approach for repre-senting multiple domains alongside production in cyber-physical production systems (CPPSs) through domain-specific languages (DSLs). The approach is illustrated using material flows (MFs) as an example. The paper identifies requirements for DSLs in CPPSs and MFs, including concurrency, synchronization, constraints, and heterogeneity support. Subsequently, a plugin system is in-troduced for the existing Production Flow Description Language (PFDL), which allows users to incorporate additional domain-specific functionality in the form of plugins. To demonstrate this approach, we present the MF plugin, resulting in the combined PFDLMF. This showcases the reusability of such an approach and the easy integration of new CPPS domains. We envision the convergence of the PFDL with plugins towards a unified flow description language for CPPSs. A practical CPPS use-case demonstrates the expressiveness of the PFDLMF in modeling and executing complex MFs in an agent-based architecture. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Reusability

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Performance evaluation of a Python implementation of the new LEDBAT congestion control algorithm

Performance evaluation of a Python implementation of the new...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation, Quality and Testing, Robotics, AQTR

作者： Mugurel Ionuţ Andreica Nicolae Ţăpuş Johan Pouwelse Computer Science Department Politehnica University of Bucharest Romania Parallel and Distributed Systems Group Delft University of Technology Netherlands

LEDBAT is a new congestion control algorithm which was proposed in an IETF draft in March 2009. LEDBAT's goal is to provide a less-than-best-effort data transport service, i.e. a LEDBAT flow should back-off in the presence of other competing flows (TCP flows in particular). Because of its intended friendliness to competing flows, LEDBAT has already been implemented in the popular Bittorrent client uTorrent. In this paper we present performance evaluation results for our Python implementation of LEDBAT. We ran tests both in emulated networks as well as in real world networks. One of the tests involved approximately 300 volunteers spread throughout the world.

关键词： Peer to peer computing Testing Control systems Delay estimation Delay effects Streaming media computer science Radio access networks Performance evaluation Time measurement

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Applications and Theory of Petri Nets 2003 1

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丛书名： Lecture Notes in computer science

1000年

作者： Wil M. P. Aalst Eike Best

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A spatial programming model for real global smart space applications

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Lecture Notes in computer science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2006年 4025卷 1-15页

作者： Meier, René Harrington, Anthony Termin, Thomas Cahill, Vinny Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)3540351264

Global smart spaces are intended to provide their inhabitants with context-aware access to pervasive services and information relevant to large geographical areas. Transportation is one obvious domain for such global smart spaces since applications can be built to exploit the variety of sensor-rich systems that have been deployed to support urban traffic control and highway management as well as within individual vehicles. This paper presents a spatial programming model designed to provide a standardised way to build contextaware global smart space applications using information that is distributed across independent (legacy, sensor-enabled, and embedded) systems by exploiting the overlapping spatial and temporal attributes of the information maintained by these systems. The spatial programming model is based on a topographical approach to modelling space that enables systems to independently define and use potentially overlapping spatial context in a consistent manner and in contrast to topological approaches, in which geogra-phical relation-nships between objects are described explicitly. Moreover, this approach facilitates the incremental construction of global smart spaces since the underlying systems to be incorporated are largely decoupled. The programming model has been evaluated by building a context-aware service for multi-modal urban journey planning, as part of the development of an overall architecture for intelligent transportation systems in Dublin. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2006.

关键词： Embedded systems

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