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Evolving radial basis function networks via GP for estimating fitness values using surrogate models

Evolving radial basis function networks via GP for estimatin...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Ahmed Kattan Edgar Galvan Evolutionary Design and Optimisation Group Computer Science Department Um Al-Qura University Saudi Arabia Distributed Systems Group School of Computer Science and Statistics Trinity College Dublin Ireland

In real-world problems with candidate solutions that are very expensive to evaluate, Surrogate Models (SMs) mimic the behaviour of the simulation model as closely as possible while being computationally cheaper to evaluate. Due to their nature, SMs can be seen as heuristics that can help to estimate the fitness of a candidate solution without having to evaluate it. In this paper, we propose a new SM based on Genetic Programming (GP) and Radial Basis Function Networks (RBFN), called GP-RBFN Surrogate. More specifically, we use GP to evolve both: the structure of a RBF and its parameters. The SM evolved by our algorithm is tested in one of the most studied NP-complete problem (MAX-SAT) and its performance is compared against RBFN Surrogate, GAs, Random Search and (1+1) ES. The results obtained by performing extensive empirical experiments indicate that our proposed approach outperforms the other four methods in terms of finding better solutions without the need of evaluating a large portion of candidate solutions.

关键词： Training Mathematical model Computational modeling Standards Approximation methods Search problems Optimization

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Interconnectedness of Complex systems of Internet of Things through Social Network Analysis for Disaster Management

Interconnectedness of Complex Systems of Internet of Things ...

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International Conference on Intelligent Networking and Collaborative systems (INCOS)

作者： Asta Zelenkauskaite Nik Bessis Stelios Sotiriadis Eleana Asimakopoulou Department of Telecommunications Indiana University Bloomington USA Distributed and Intelligent Systems Research Group University of Derby Derby UK Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Bedfordshire Luton UK

This visionary paper presents the Internet of Things paradigm in terms of interdependent dynamic dimensions of objects and their properties. Given that in its current state Internet of Things (IoT) has been viewed as a paradigm based on hierarchical distribution of objects, evaluation of the dynamic nature of the hierarchical structures faces challenges in its evaluation and analysis. Within this in mind, our focus is on the area of complex social networks and the dynamic social network construction within the context of IoT. This is by highlighting and addressing the tagging issues of the objects to the real-world domain such as in disaster management, these are in relation to their hierarchies and interrelation within the context of social network analysis. Specifically, we suggest to investigate and deepen the understanding of the IoT paradigm through the application of social network analysis as a method for interlinking objects -- and thus, propose ways in which IoT could be subsequently interlinked and analyzed through social network analysis approach - which provides possibilities for linking of the objects, while extends it into real-world domain. With this in mind, we present few applications and key characteristics of disaster management and the social networking analysis approach, as well as, foreseen benefits of its application in the IoT domain.

关键词： Social network services Context Sensors Internet Disaster management Wireless sensor networks

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Disaster Management and Profile Modelling of IoT Objects: Conceptual Parameters for Interlinked Objects in Relation to Social Network Analysis

Disaster Management and Profile Modelling of IoT Objects: Co...

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International Conference on Intelligent Networking and Collaborative systems (INCOS)

In recent years, the emergence of ubiquitous and pervasive computing suggests the radical transformation of the Internet to incorporate physical objects. The transformation suggests the enabling of a new form of communication and interaction style that incorporates people, their smart devices and their physical objects through the utilization of distributed sensors spread in the environment. In this study, we propose extending Internet of Things (IoT) by modelling an IoT enabled smart environment as a whole, representing the dynamic communication and interaction among all objects (users, devices, physical objects and sensors). This is by recognizing and categorizing objects' properties in the form of a generic profile. We also reflect this in a disaster management context. That is by identifying which of the parameters of these smart objects are fixed, constant and persistent over time and which parameters are actually change over time, i.e. those characterized by their transient and dynamic nature. Thus, through the process of communication and interaction of the objects, we analyze parameters by demonstrating their static and/or dynamic properties as well as those supporting context-aware variables which are evident in disaster scenarios. To achieve these goals, we designed the persistent or temporal relationships to encompass internal information of smart-objects, along with their characteristics that actually depict their capacity to offer services to users by properties' matchmaking. The interlinked relationships represent a 'social network' providing a terrain of flexible scenarios that would lead to tailored parameters to fit user preferences. To enable communication among them in a dynamic dimension we utilized a distributed topology in which communication could occur indirectly between objects. Finally, we detailed a generic - but equally applicable for disaster management - case scenario in which we used graph theory to demonstrate how embedded intelligenc

关键词： Social network services Context Organizations Disaster management Sensors Object recognition Internet

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Handling missing values in data mining - A case study of heart failure dataset

Handling missing values in data mining - A case study of hea...

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International Conference on Fuzzy systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD)

作者： N. Poolsawad L. Moore C. Kambhampati J. G. F. Cleland Distributed Reliable Intelligent Systems Research Group (DRIS) Department of Computer Science University of Hull Hull UK Hull York Medical School Department of Cardiology University of Hull Hull UK

In this paper, we investigate the characteristics of a clinical dataset using feature selection and classification techniques to deal with missing values and develop a method to quantify numerous complexities. The research aims to find features that have high effect on mortality time frame, and to design methodologies which will cope with the following challenges: missing values, high dimensionality, and the prediction problem. The experimental results will be extended to develop prediction model for HF This paper also provides a comprehensive evaluation of a set of diverse machine learning schemes for clinical datasets.

关键词： Data mining Classification algorithms Predictive models Heart Artificial neural networks Accuracy Prediction algorithms

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Modeling and analysis of sharing ratio enforcement in private BitTorrent communities

Modeling and analysis of sharing ratio enforcement in privat...

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2011 IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2011

作者： Jia, Adele L. D'Acunto, Lucia Meulpolder, Michel Pouwelse, Johan A. Parallel and Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Delft University of Technology Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781612842332

Providing incentives for user contribution has been one of the primary design goals of Peer-to-Peer systems. The newly-emerged BitTorrent private communities adopt Sharing Ratio Enforcement (SRE) on top of BitTorrent's incentive mechanism, Tit-For-Tat, in order to strictly enforce a minimum contribution a member has to provide, in relation to the amount of service it has received. In this paper, we provide a theoretical model to analyze 1) how SRE provides seeding incentives, and 2) how SRE influences the download performance in the system. Specifically, we study the influence of the SRE threshold (i.e., the minimum sharing ratio requirement) and the bandwidth heterogeneity of the peers in the system. In our analysis, we assume users to be rational, i.e., peers seed only the minimum amount required by SRE, and we show that the download performance as predicted by our model represents a lower bound for the actual performance that can be reached in a BitTorrent private community. Hence, following our model, community administrators can predict the minimum performance level their systems will be able to reach. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Peer to peer networks

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BitTorrent's dilemma: Enhancing reciprocity or reducing inequity

BitTorrent's dilemma: Enhancing reciprocity or reducing ineq...

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2011 IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC'2011

作者： Jia, Adele L. D'Acunto, Lucia Meulpolder, Michel Pouwelse, Johan A. Epema, Dick H. J. Parallel and Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Delft University of Technology Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781424487905

Enhancing reciprocity has been one of the primary motivations for the design of incentive policies in BitTorrent-like P2P systems. Reciprocity implies that peers need to contribute their bandwidth to other peers if they want to receive bandwidth in return. However, the over-provisioning that characterizes today's BitTorrent communities and the development of many next-generation P2P systems with real-time constraints (e.g., for live and on-demand streaming) suggest that more effort can be devoted to reducing the inequity (i.e., the difference of service received) among peers, rather than only enhancing reciprocity. Inspired by this observation, in this work we analyze in detail several incentive mechanisms that are used in BitTorrent systems, and explore several strategies that influence the balance between reciprocity and equity. Our study shows that (i) reducing inequity leads to a better overall system performance, and (ii) the behavior of seeders (i.e., peers that hold a complete copy of the file and upload it for free) influences whether reciprocity is enhanced or inequity reduced. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Bandwidth

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A science gateway getting ready for serving the international molecular simulation community 2

A science gateway getting ready for serving the internationa...

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2012 EGI Community Forum / EMI 2nd Technical Conference, EGICF-EMITC 2012

作者： Gesing, Sandra Herres-Pawlis, Sonja Birkenheuer, Georg Brinkmann, André Grunzke, Richard Kacsuk, Peter Kohlbacher, Oliver Kozlovszky, Miklos Krüger, Jens Müller-Pfefferkorn, Ralph Schäfer, Patrick Steinke, Thomas Center for Bioinformatics Department of Computer Science University of Tübingen Sand 14 Tübingen72076 Germany Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Butenandtstr. 5-13 München81377 Germany Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing University of Paderborn Warburger Str. 100 Paderborn33089 Germany Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Mainz55099 Germany Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing Technische Universität Dresden Zellescher Weg 12-14 Germany Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Systems MTA SZTAKI Kende Street 13-17 Budapest1111 Hungary Zuse Institute Berlin Takustraße 7 Berlin14195 Germany

The project MoSGrid (Molecular Simulation Grid) has been developing a web-based science gateway supporting the community with various services for quantum chemistry, molecular modeling, and docking. Users gain access to distributed computing infrastructures (DCIs) via intuitive user interfaces for sophisticated tools, specialized workflows, and distributed repositories. Currently, the MoSGrid community consists of about 120 users from a number of fields related to chemistry and bioinformatics located in Germany. However, the underlying security infrastructure is generally applicable and can be deployed in arbitrary projects. MoSGrid intends to address the international community by participating in the EU-projects SCI-BUS (Scientific gateway Based User Support) and ER-flow (Building an European Research Community through Interoperable Workflows and Data), and collaborating with the EU-project EDGI (European Desktop Grid Initiative). © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence.

关键词： Quantum chemistry

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Adaptive context oriented component-based application middleware (COCA-middleware)

Adaptive context oriented component-based application middle...

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8th International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, UIC 2011

作者： Magableh, Basel Barrett, Stephen Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science and Statistics Trinity College Dublin Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9783642236402

The cognitively impaired population is very sensitive to issues of abstraction, which presents the application designer with the challenge of tailoring navigational information to each specific user and context. COCA-middleware anticipating the users needs and the context environment. The self-adaptive application reduces the cognitive load and increases the user’s ability to realize the desired route. COCA-middleware is performing the adaptation processes including context monitoring and detecting and dynamic decision making;and maintaining the architecture quality attributes during the adaptation. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011.

关键词： Middleware

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Modeling and Analysis of Sharing Ratio Enforcement in Private BitTorrent Communities

Modeling and Analysis of Sharing Ratio Enforcement in Privat...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Adele L. Jia Lucia D'Acunto Michel Meulpolder Johan A. Pouwelse Parallel and Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Delft University of Technology Netherlands

关键词： Thin film transistors Communities Analytical models Bandwidth Peer to peer computing Mathematical model Steady-state

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Fast download but eternal seeding: The reward and punishment of Sharing Ratio Enforcement

Fast download but eternal seeding: The reward and punishment...

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International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing

作者： Adele L. Jia Rameez Rahman Tamás Vinkó Johan A. Pouwelse Dick H.J. Epema Parallel and Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Delft University of Technology Netherlands

Many private BitTorrent communities employ Sharing Ratio Enforcement (SRE) schemes to incentivize users to contribute their upload resources. It has been demonstrated that communities that use SRE are greatly oversupplied, i.e., they have much higher seeder-to-leecher ratios than communities in which SRE is not employed. The first order effect of oversupply under SRE is a positive increase in the average downloading speed. However, users are forced to seed for extremely long times to maintain adequate sharing ratios to be able to start new downloads. In this paper, we propose a fluid model to study the effects of oversupply under SRE, which predicts the average downloading speed, the average seeding time, and the average upload capacity utilization for users in communities that employ SRE. We notice that the phenomenon of oversupply has two undesired negative effects: a) Peers are forced to seed for long times, even though their seeding efforts are often not very productive (in terms of low upload capacity utilization); and b) SRE discriminates against peers with low bandwidth capacities and forces them to seed for longer durations than peers with high capacities. To alleviate these problems, we propose four different strategies for SRE, which have been inspired by ideas in social sciences and economics. We evaluate these strategies through simulations. Our results indicate that these new strategies release users from needlessly long seeding durations, while also being fair towards peers with low capacities and maintaining high system-wide downloading speeds.

关键词： Communities Steady-state Peer to peer computing Bandwidth IEEE Communications Society Analytical models Thin film transistors

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