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Physical Review E 2009年第1期79卷 015401(R)-015401(R)页

作者： H. B. Zhuo Wei Yu M. Y. Yu H. Xu X. Wang B. F. Shen Z. M. Sheng J. Zhang National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Institute for Theoretical Physics I Ruhr University Bochum D-44780 Germany Department of Physics Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China

A Hohlraum-like configuration is proposed for realizing a simple compact source for neutrons. A laser pulse enters a tiny thin-shelled hollow-sphere target through a small opening and is self-consistently trapped in the cavity. The electrons in the inner shell-wall region are expelled by the light pressure. The resulting space-charge field compresses the local ions into a thin layer that becomes strongly heated. An inward expansion of ions into the shell cavity then occurs, resulting in the formation at the cavity center of a hot spot of ions at high density and temperature, similar to that in inertial electrostatic confinement.

关键词： laser fusion neutron sources particle beam focusing ELECTROSTATIC CONFINEMENT FUSION DEVICE

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Towards integration of uncertain sensor data into context-awareworkflows

Towards integration of uncertain sensor data into context-aw...

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39th Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft fur Informatik e.V. (GI): Im Focus das Leben, INFORMATIK 2009

作者： Wieland, Matthias Käppeler, Uwe-Philipp Levi, Paul Leymann, Frank Nicklas, Daniela Institute of Architecture of Application Systems Universtät Stuttgart Universitätsstraße 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Universität Stuttgart Universitätsstraße 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany Department of Computer Science Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Escherweg 2 26121 Oldenburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783885792482

The integration and usage of uncertain sensor data in workflows is a difficult problem. In this paper we describe these difficulties which result from the combination of very distinct areas. On the one hand, applications from area of measurement engineering manage sensors that capture data and annotate the data with technical meta data. On the other hand, context-aware workflows from the BPM area place high level requirements for the quality of context data that is derived from the sensor data. Between those two areas exists a gap that has to be closed by a context management and mediation system, supporting the handling of Quality of Context (QoC). To achieve this the paper presents an QoC aware architecture based on an extension of the existing Nexus Platform and a first approach for matching the workflow requirements with the sensor annotations.

关键词： Data integration

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An Irregular cutting based distributed mapping algorithm for DVE systems

An Irregular cutting based distributed mapping algorithm for...

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Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application, PACIIA

作者： Wei Zhang Hangjun Zhou Yuxing Peng Sikun Li Min Xi National Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Department of Computer Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

distributed Virtual Environment (DVE) systems have become more and more important both in academic communities and the industries. To guarantee the load constrain, the physical world integrity and the virtual world integrity, the virtual environment should be divided into several parts and mapped to multiple servers, which are located in geographically different places. Many centralized algorithms based on regular cutting method are proposed to solve this problem. However, the dynamic property of clients and distributed property of the system make the existing algorithms unable to undertake it. In this paper, we propose a metric to measure the cutting quality and design a distributed mapping algorithm based on an irregular cutting. Simulation results show that our algorithm greatly decreases the costs of DVE systems for migration of clients and effectively improves the satisfaction degree of users.

关键词： Defense industry Virtual environment computer industry computer science Algorithm design and analysis Delay Partitioning algorithms Industrial training Computational intelligence Application software

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Offer-based scheduling of deadline-constrained Bag-of-Tasks applications for utility computing systems

Offer-based scheduling of deadline-constrained Bag-of-Tasks ...

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International Symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Marco A. S. Netto Rajkumar Buyya Grid Computing and Distributed Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

Metaschedulers can distribute parts of a bag-of-tasks (BoT) application among various resource providers in order to speed up its execution. When providers cannot disclose private information such as their load and computing power, which are usually heterogeneous, the metascheduler needs to make blind scheduling decisions. We propose three policies for composing resource offers to schedule deadline-constrained BoT applications. Offers act as a mechanism in which resource providers expose their interest in executing an entire BoT or only part of it without revealing their load and total computing power. We also evaluate the amount of information resource providers need to expose to the metascheduler and its impact on the scheduling. Our main findings are: (i) offer-based scheduling produces less delay for jobs that cannot meet deadlines in comparison to scheduling based on load availability (i.e. free time slots); thus it is possible to keep providers' load private when scheduling multi-site BoTs; and (ii) if providers publish their total computing power they can have more local jobs meeting deadlines.

关键词： Processor scheduling computer applications Job shop scheduling Grid computing Cloud computing Application software Information resources Delay Biological system modeling Message passing

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An Optimal Mapping Algorithm Based on Balanced Load Cutting for DVE systems

An Optimal Mapping Algorithm Based on Balanced Load Cutting ...

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International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application, IITA

作者： Wei Zhang Min Xi Hangjun Zhou Yuxing Peng Sikun Li National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology ChangSha China Department of Computer Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

In distributed virtual environment (DVE) systems, a distributed server infrastructure is often used to reduce the latency between servers and clients. Under this infrastructure, mapping clients to proper servers is one of the key issues for improving the interactivity and overall performance. Most traditional methods of mapping the clients to servers only consider the load balancing problem. However, there are two other important aspects that should be involved: the physical world integrity and the virtual world integrity. In this work, we propose a novel mapping algorithm which takes care of all three aspects at the same time. The algorithm converts the mapping problem into cutting stage and matching stage to get optimal result with polynomial complexity. The experimental results show that our algorithm improves the overall performance of DVE systems significantly.

关键词： Delay Network servers computer science Virtual environment Load management Polynomials Quality of service Information technology Application software distributed processing

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High-Performance Cloud Computing: A View of Scientific Applications

High-Performance Cloud Computing: A View of Scientific Appli...

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International Symposium on parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Networks (ISPAN)

作者： Christian Vecchiola Suraj Pandey Rajkumar Buyya Cloud computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

Scientific computing often requires the availability of a massive number of computers for performing large scale experiments. Traditionally, these needs have been addressed by using high-performance computing solutions and installed facilities such as clusters and super computers, which are difficult to setup, maintain, and operate. Cloud computing provides scientists with a completely new model of utilizing the computing infrastructure. Compute resources, storage resources, as well as applications, can be dynamically provisioned (and integrated within the existing infrastructure) on a pay per use basis. These resources can be released when they are no more needed. Such services are often offered within the context of a service level agreement (SLA), which ensure the desired quality of service (QoS). Aneka, an enterprise cloud computing solution, harnesses the power of compute resources by relying on private and public clouds and delivers to users the desired QoS. Its flexible and service based infrastructure supports multiple programming paradigms that make Aneka address a variety of different scenarios: from finance applications to computational science. As examples of scientific computing in the cloud, we present a preliminary case study on using Aneka for the classification of gene expression data and the execution of fMRI brain imaging workflow.

关键词： Cloud computing Quality of service Application software Scientific computing Availability Large-scale systems Context-aware services Finance computer applications Gene expression

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Optimizing Reference Gene Set for Inter-Chip Normalization Using Genetic Algorithm

Optimizing Reference Gene Set for Inter-Chip Normalization U...

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International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI)

作者： Fei Li Wenjian Xu Peng Li XiaoChen Bo Yuxing Peng Department of Computer Science National Laboratory of Parallel & Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine Beijing China

Due to the existence of systematic bias in the measurements, inter-chip normalization is required before integrated data analysis of multiple microarray datasets. Current inter-chip normalization methods rely on some assumptions, which can rarely be verified by experiments, such as the invariant expression level of housekeeping genes or the stability of statistical data distribution. In this paper, we present a highly verifiable inter-chip normalization method using genetic optimization algorithm, which depends only on a small number of housekeeping genes, and therefore facilitates experimental validation without any accuracy lost.

关键词： Genetic algorithms Gene expression Laboratories Data analysis Optimization methods Genomics Bioinformatics Statistical distributions Probes computer science

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Multi-Agent-Architecture for simulating traffic management — A case study on highway networks

Multi-Agent-Architecture for simulating traffic management ...

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International Workshop on Nonlinear Dynamics and Synchronization, INDS

作者： Ante Vilenica Wolfgang Renz Jan Sudeikat Winfried Lamersdorf Distributed Systems and Information Systems Computer Science Department University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany Multimedia Systems Laboratory Hamburg University of Applied Sciences Hamburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424438440;9781424422876

This paper addresses the automated management and simulation of capacity problems for motor highway infrastructures, which often cannot keep up with traffic increases produced by, e.g., cars, motorbikes and trucks. Such kinds of problems require rather intelligent highway infrastructure management with strategies with, often, contradictory goals: On the one hand side, individual drivers would like to use a traffic infrastructure which suits their individual needs best, e.g. with respect to time, resources, and personal driving comfort, and, on the other, the highway operators may want to optimize the use of their respective traffic infrastructure w.r.t. security, cost, and overall user satisfaction. This paper claims that such kinds of problems can be modelled best with using agent-oriented models and techniques. Therefore, it demonstrates how to use a generic multi-agent-system architecture that supports both modelling and simulating of such an application. It demonstrates how such an architecture can be used for applying, analyzing and comparing different traffic management strategies, inspired by different sources like network management, feedback control, or nature inspired coordination algorithms.

关键词： Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Road transportation Automated highways Motorcycles Resource management Security Cost function Algorithm design and analysis Communication system traffic control

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Flexible hardware acceleration for instruction-grain lifeguards

Flexible hardware acceleration for instruction-grain lifegua...

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作者： Chen, Shimin Kozuch, Michael Gibbons, Phillip B. Ryan, Michael Strigkos, Theodoros Mowry, Todd C. Ruwase, Olatunji Vlachos, Evangelos Falsafi, Babak Ramachandran, Vijaya Intel Research Pittsburgh 4720 Forbes Ave. Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Computer Science Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States Parallel Systems Architecture Laboratory École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Deartment of Computer Science University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States

Instruction-grain lifeguards monitor executing programs at the granularity of individual instructions to quickly detect bugs and security attacks, but their fine-grain nature incurs high monitoring overheads. This article identifies three common sources of these overheads and proposes three techniques that together constitute a general-purpose hardware acceleration framework for lifeguards. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Data mining

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PyMW - A Python module for desktop grid and volunteer computing

PyMW - A Python module for desktop grid and volunteer comput...

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International Symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Eric M. Heien Yusuke Takata Kenichi Hagihara Adam Kornafeld Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka Japan Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Systems Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI) Budapest Hungary

We describe a general purpose master-worker parallel computation Python module called PyMW. PyMW is intended to support rapid development, testing and deployment of large scale master-worker style computations on a desktop grid or volunteer computing environment. This module targets non-expert computer users by hiding complicated task submission and result retrieval procedures behind a simple interface. PyMW also provides a unified interface to multiple computing environments with easy extension to support additional environments. In this paper, we describe the internal structure and external interface to the PyMW module and its support for the Condor computing environment and the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) platform. We demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of PyMW by performing master-worker style computations on a desktop grid using Condor and a BOINC volunteer computing project.

关键词： Grid computing Concurrent computing computer interfaces Large-scale systems Virtual colonoscopy distributed computing computer networks Software packages Packaging Information science

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