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Correction to: Well-Balanced Fifth-Order Finite Volume WENO Schemes with Constant Subtraction Technique for Shallow Water Equations

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Journal of Scientific Computing 2025年第1期103卷 1-4页

作者： Zhao, Lidan Tao, Zhanjing Zhang, Min School of Mathematics Jilin University Changchun China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking University Beijing China Chongqing Research Institute of Big Data Peking University Chongqing China

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A unifying moving mesh method for curves, surfaces, and domains based on mesh equidistribution and alignment

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Min Huang, Weizhang National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking University Beijing100871 China Chongqing Research Institute of Big Data Peking University Chongqing401121 China Department of Mathematics University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States

A unifying moving mesh method is developed for general m-dimensional geometric objects in d-dimensions (d ≥ 1 and 1 ≤ m ≤ d) including curves, surfaces, and domains. The method is based on mesh equidistribution and alignment and does not require the availability of an analytical parametric representation of the underlying geometric object. Mathematical characterizations of shape and size of m-simplexes and properties of corresponding edge matrices and affine mappings are derived. The equidistribution and alignment conditions are presented in a unifying form for m-simplicial meshes. The equation for mesh movement is defined based on the moving mesh PDE approach, and suitable projection of the nodal mesh velocities is employed to ensure the mesh points stay on the underlying geometric object. The analytical expression for the mesh velocities is obtained in a compact matrix form. The nonsingularity of moving meshes is proved. Numerical results for curves (m = 1) and surfaces (m = 2) in two and three dimensions are presented to demonstrate the ability of the developed method to move mesh points without causing singularity and control their concentration. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mesh generation

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ZuantuSet: A Collection of Historical Chinese Visualizations and Illustrations

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Mei, Xiyao Zhang, Yu Yang, Chaofan Shi, Rui Yuan, Xiaoru National Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking University Beijing China Department of Computer Science University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Center for Research on Ancient Chinese History Peking University Beijing China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Application Peking University Beijing China PKU-WUHAN Institute for Artificial Intelligence Wuhan China

Historical visualizations are a valuable resource for studying the history of visualization and inspecting the cultural context where they were created. When investigating historical visualizations, it is essential to consider contributions from different cultural frameworks to gain a comprehensive understanding. While there is extensive research on historical visualizations within the European cultural framework, this work shifts the focus to ancient China, a cultural context that remains underexplored by visualization researchers. To this aim, we propose a semi-automatic pipeline to collect, extract, and label historical Chinese visualizations. Through the pipeline, we curate ZuantuSet, a dataset with over 71K visualizations and 108K illustrations. We analyze distinctive design patterns of historical Chinese visualizations and their potential causes within the context of Chinese history and culture. We illustrate potential usage scenarios for this dataset, summarize the unique challenges and solutions associated with collecting historical Chinese visualizations, and outline future research directions. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： data collection

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Robust Indoor Person Re-Identification with Multimodal Training

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Su, Can Xue, Xinlei Ma, Lei Zhang, Xiaolong Yan, Wei Bian, Kaigui Peking University School of Computer Science AI Innovation Center National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Beijing100871 China Peking University School of Computer Science Beijing100871 China Peking University Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence National Biomedical Imaging Center College of Future Technology National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing Beijing100871 China Beihang University Beijing100191 China

Existing person re-identification (ReID) methods mainly rely on images and videos to match persons across cameras, yet visual data captured by cameras are vulnerable to environmental interferences (e.g. illumination and occlusion) or personal appearance changes, leading to performance degradation under such scenes. Meanwhile, the popularization of Wi-Fi networks has allowed probe requests to be captured for mobile sensing applications such as crowd counting and trajectory estimation. However, the MAC address randomization technique adopted by modern devices breaks the association of probe requests and adversely affects the functionality of these applications. In this paper, we propose MaRPA, the first multimodal training approach that incorporates both videos and Wi-Fi probe requests to simultaneously promote tasks of probe requests association and person ReID. MaRPA first distinguishes among pairwise probe request frames through a contrastive learning model. It then matches video and probe request sequences by exploring their similarities from the position and the vision aspects. Matched videos and probe requests provide complementary information and generate more robust features for both tasks. To evaluate MaRPA, we contribute a new dataset containing synchronous videos and probe requests data for probe requests association and person ReID. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. For probe requests association, it achieves > 85% discrimination accuracy and > 0.90 V-measure score;for person ReID, it achieves 75.8% mAP and 90.6% Rank-1, improving state-of-the-art video-based ReID methods by over 40% © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Wi-Fi

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Hetu: a highly efficient automatic parallel distributed deep learning system

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 314-315页

作者： Xupeng MIAO Xiaonan NIE Hailin ZHANG Tong ZHAO Bin CUI School of Computer Science Peking University Center for Data Science Peking University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications

On July 18, 2021, the PKU-DAIR Lab1)(data and Intelligence Research Lab at peking university) openly released the source code of Hetu, a highly efficient and easy-to-use distributed deep learning(DL) framework. Hetu is the first distributed DL system developed by academic groups in Chinese universities, and takes into account both high availability in industry and innovation in academia. Through independent research and development, Hetu is completely decoupled from the existing DL systems and has unique characteristics. The public release of the Hetu system will help researchers and practitioners to carry out frontier MLSys(machine learning system) research and promote innovation and industrial upgrading.

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Accelerating exploitation and integration of global renewable energy

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Innovation 2025年

作者： Wang, Jianxiao Chen, Xinjiang Zhuang, Minghao Li, Yan Ruan, Ziwen Wang, Yuhan Zhang, Ning Song, Jie He, Kebin Lu, Xi National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Industrial Engineering and Management College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Peking University Ordos Research Institute of Energy Ordos017000 China State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing100193 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Lab of Power Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

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Tracking the carbon footprint of global generative artificial intelligence

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Innovation 2025年第5期6卷

作者： Ding, Zhaohao Wang, Jianxiao Song, Yiyang Zheng, Xiaokang He, Guannan Chen, Xiupeng Zhang, Tiance Lee, Wei-Jen Song, Jie State Key Lab of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong999077 China Department of Industrial Engineering and Management College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Jan C. Willems Center for Systems and Control University of Groningen Groningen9700AB Netherlands Energy Systems Research Center University of Texas at Arlington ArlingtonTX76019 United States

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Bridging prediction and decision: Advances and challenges in data-driven optimization

Nexus

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Nexus 2025年第1期2卷

作者： Yanzhi Wang Jianxiao Wang Haoran Zhang Jie Song Department of Industrial Engineering and Management College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking University Beijing 100871 China PKU-Changsha Institute for Computing and Digital Economy Changsha 410000 China School of Urban Planning and Design Peking University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China

data-driven approaches have revolutionized traditional optimization methods by integrating prediction with decision-making. This review examines the theoretical foundations, strengths, recent advancements, and limitations of three key methods—sequential optimization, end-to-end learning, and direct learning—highlighting their practical applications in power grid scheduling, operations management, and intelligent autonomous control. A multidimensional comparison is presented, followed by a discussion of the challenges in data-centric methodology, optimization methodology, and decision-making application. This paper offers a methodological guide and outlines future directions for academia and industry to enhance decision-making in complex data environments.

关键词： convex optimization data-centric AI data-driven decision-making end-to-end learning intelligent autonomous control machine learning operations management power grid scheduling reinforcement learning uncertainty estimation

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Shaping future low-carbon energy and transportation systems: Digital technologies and applications

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iEnergy 2022年第3期1卷 285-305页

作者： Jie Song Guannan He Jianxiao Wang Pingwen Zhang Department of Industrial Engineering and Management College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Mathematical Sciences Peking Univer-sityBeijing 100871China

Digitalization and decarbonization are projected to be two major trends in the coming *** the already widespread process of digitalization continues to progress,especially in energy and transportation systems,massive data will be produced,and how these data could support and promote decarbonization has become a pressing *** paper presents a comprehensive review of digital technologies and their potential applications in low-carbon energy and transportation systems from the perspectives of infrastructure,common mechanisms and algorithms,and system-level impacts,as well as the application of digital technologies to coupled energy and transportation systems with electric *** paper also identifies corresponding challenges and future research directions,such as in the field of blockchain,digital twin,vehicle-to-grid,low-carbon computing,and data security and pri-vacy,especially in the context of integrated energy and transportation systems.

关键词： Digitalization decarbonization energy system transportation system energy and transportation integration.

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Snapshot boosting: a fast ensemble framework for deep neural networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第1期63卷 77-88页

作者： Wentao ZHANG Jiawei JIANG Yingxia SHAO Bin CUI Center for Data Science Peking University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Department of Computer Science Beijing Key Lab of Intelligent Telecommunications Software and Multimedia School of Computer ScienceBeijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies Department of Computer SciencePeking University

Boosting has been proven to be effective in improving the generalization of machine learning models in many fields. It is capable of getting high-diversity base learners and getting an accurate ensemble model by combining a sufficient number of weak learners. However, it is rarely used in deep learning due to the high training budget of the neural network. Another method named snapshot ensemble can significantly reduce the training budget, but it is hard to balance the tradeoff between training costs and diversity. Inspired by the ideas of snapshot ensemble and boosting, we propose a method named snapshot boosting. A series of operations are performed to get many base models with high diversity and accuracy, such as the use of the validation set, the boosting-based training framework, and the effective ensemble strategy. Last, we evaluate our method on the computer vision(CV) and the natural language processing(NLP) tasks, and the results show that snapshot boosting can get a more balanced trade-off between training expenses and ensemble accuracy than other well-known ensemble methods.

关键词： ensemble learning deep learning boosting neural network snapshot ensemble

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