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International Symposium on Wearable computers

作者： N. Kern B. Schiele Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision ETH Zurich Switzerland

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Less contact: heart-rate detection without even touching the user

Less contact: heart-rate detection without even touching the...

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International Symposium on Wearable computers

作者： F. Michahelles R. Wicki B. Schiele Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland Multimodal Interactive Systems Technical University of Darmstadt Germany

Heart-rate sensing is very important. Whereas there are different methods and commercial products available, they all have a common drawback: the user has to mount some piece of sensor to his body. This paper provides a case study on how micro-impulse radar (MIR) can be used to sense heart-rate in a contact-free manner. With a sequence of tests the robustness of radar to different placements and even distances from the subject is shown. Since MIR is also cheap and power-efficient this paper suggests heart-rate sensing through radar as a promising approach.

关键词： Heart rate detection Radar Heart rate computer vision Aging Medical services Ubiquitous computing Pervasive computing Wearable computers Wrist

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A model for human interruptability: experimental evaluation and automatic estimation from wearable sensors

A model for human interruptability: experimental evaluation ...

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International Symposium on Wearable computers

作者： N. Kern S. Antifakos B. Schiele A. Schwaninger Multimodal Interactive Systems Darmstadt University of Technology Germany Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision ETH Zurich Switzerland Department of Psychology University of Zurich Switzerland Max-Planck Institute of Biological Cybernetics Tubingen Germany

For the estimation of user interruptability in wearable and mobile settings, we propose in (N. Kern et al., 2003) to distinguish between the users' personal and social interruptability. In this paper, we verify this thesis with a user study on 24 subjects. Results show that there is a significant difference between social and personal interruptability. Further, we present a novel approach to estimate the social and personal interruptability of a user from wearable sensors. It is scalable for a large number of sensors, contexts, and situations and allows for online adaptation during run-time. We have developed a wearable platform, that allows to record and process the data from a microphone, 12 body-worn 3D acceleration sensors, and a location estimation. We have evaluated the approach on three different data sets, with a maximal length of two days.

关键词： Humans Wearable sensors Pervasive computing Wearable computers Biomedical monitoring Acceleration computer vision Microphones Costs Unsupervised learning

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Evaluating the effects of displaying uncertainty in context-aware applications

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2004年 3205卷 54-69页

作者： Antifakos, Stavros Schwaninger, Adrian Schiele, Bernt Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision ETH Zurich Tübingen Germany Department of Psychology University of Zurich Tübingen Switzerland Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen Germany Multimodal Interactive Systems Darmstadt University of Technology Germany

Many context, aware systems assume that the context information they use is highly accurate. In reality, however, perfect and reliable context information is hard if not impossible to obtain. Several researchers have therefore argued that proper feedback such as monitor and control mechanisms have to be employed in order to make context aware systems applicable and useable in scenarios of realistic complexity. As of today, those feedback mechanisms are difficult to compare since they are too rarely evaluated. In this paper we propose and evaluate a simple but effective feedback mechanism for context aware systems. The idea is to explicitly display the uncertainty inherent in the context information and to leverage from the human ability to deal well with uncertain information. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this feedback mechanism the paper describes two user studies which mimic a ubiquitous memory aid. By changing the quality, respectively the uncertainty of context recognition, the experiments show that human performance in a memory task is increased by explicitly displaying uncertainty information. Finally, we discuss implications of these experiments for today's context-aware systems. © Springer-Verlag 2004.

关键词： Feedback control

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Towards distributed awareness - an artifact based approach

Towards distributed awareness - an artifact based approach

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IEEE Workshop on Mobile computing Systems and Applications (WMCSA)

作者： F. Michahelles S. Antifakos A. Schmidt B. Schiele M. Beigl Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision ETH Zurich Switzerland Embedded Interaction Group University of Munich (LMU) Germany Multimodal Interactive Systems Technical University of Darmstadt Germany Telecooperation Office (TecO) University of Karlsruhe Germany

Perception is a central issue for many applications in ubiquitous computing. However, in current implementations, sensing and distributed perception is re-invented over and over again. Identifying commonalities and synthesizing a common model would be more effective both from an economic as well as scientific perspective. We have analyzed the properties of ubicomp perception systems and used their characteristics as a main input for the design of a perception model. We present a layered perception model, discriminating functionality on artifact, setting, and application level. On the artifact layer, data collection, perception, and recognition for the particular artifact is modelled and implemented. The setting layer deals with perception and recognition tasks for a tightly coupled group of artifacts. In the application layer, perception and application-specific recognition resides. The approach was evaluated by building applications, two of which are also reported in the paper. The wider applicability of the model was assessed by analyzing further applications and how they map onto the artifact-based approach.

关键词： Pervasive computing Ubiquitous computing computer vision Data mining Embedded computing Interactive systems Application software Energy consumption Delay computer architecture

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Context-aware notification forwearable computing

Context-aware notification forwearable computing

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作者： Kern, Nicky Schiele, Bernt Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)0769520340

In this paper we propose to use context information obtained from body-worn sensors to mediate notifications for a wearable computer. In particular we introduce a model which uses two axes, namely personal and social interruptability of the user in order to decide both whether or not to notify the user and to decide which notification modality to use. Rather than to model and recognize the complete context of the user we argue that personal and social interruptability can be derived directly from various sensors by the combination of tendencies. First experimental results show the feasibility of the approach using acceleration, audio, and location sensors. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： Wearable sensors

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Multi-object tracking based on a modular knowledge hierarchy 1

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Lecture Notes in computer Science

作者： Spengler, Martin Schiele, Bernt Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group Computer Science Department ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (数字)9783540365921

ISBN: (纸本)9783540009214

An important goal of research in computer vision systems is to develop architectures which are general and robust and at the same time transparent and easily transferable from one domain to another. To this extent this paper discusses and demonstrates the versatility of a multi-object tracking framework based on the so called knowledge hierarchy. The systematic description and analysis of a priori knowledge provides means not only for reducing the complexity of the multi-object tracking problem but also for building modular systems for solving it. The modularity of the framework, an essential ingredient for versatility, allows to replace individual parts of an existing system without altering the rest of the system or the overall architecture. The paper presents the modular framework including the knowledge hierarchy for multi object tracking. In order to demonstrate the transferability of the proposed approach the tracking framework is then applied to three different tracking scenarios (parking lot surveillance, people interaction monitoring, and dining table setup). © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003.

关键词： Tracking (position)

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Analyzing appearance and contour based methods for object categorization

Analyzing appearance and contour based methods for object ca...

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Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： B. Leibe B. Schiele Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland

Object recognition has reached a level where we can identify a large number of previously seen and known objects. However, the more challenging and important task of categorizing previously unseen objects remains largely unsolved. Traditionally, contour and shape based methods are regarded most adequate for handling the generalization requirements needed for this task. Appearance based methods, on the other hand, have been successful in object identification and detection scenarios. Today little work is done to systematically compare existing methods and characterize their relative capabilities for categorizing objects. In order to compare different methods we present a new database specifically tailored to the task of object categorization. It contains high-resolution color images of 80 objects from 8 different categories, for a total of 3280 images. It is used to analyze the performance of several appearance and contour based methods. The best categorization result is obtained by an appropriate combination of different methods.

关键词： Object recognition Shape computer vision Image databases Performance analysis Face detection Image segmentation Psychology Humans Object detection

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Towards a wearable inertial sensor network

Towards a wearable inertial sensor network

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2003 IEE Eurowearable

作者： K. Van Laerhoven N. Kern H.W. Gellersen B. Schiele Computing Department Lancaster University Lancaster UK Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH-Zurich Zurich Switzerland

Wearable inertial sensors have become an inexpensive option to measure the movements and positions of a person. Other techniques that use environmental sensors such as ultrasound trackers or vision-based methods need full line of sight or a local setup, and it is complicated to access this data from a wearable computer's perspective. However, a body-centric approach where sensor data is acquired and processed locally, has a need for appropriate algorithms that have to operate under restricted resources. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of algorithms that abstract inertial data from body-worn sensors, illustrated using data from state-of-the-art wearable multi-accelerometer prototypes.

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Mobile ad hoc communication issues in ubiquitous computing - The smart-its experimentation platforms

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2003年 2775卷 213-218页

作者： Schmidt, Albrecht Siegemund, Frank Beigl, Michael Antifakos, Stavros Michahelles, Florian Gellersen, Hans-W. Media Informatics Group University of Munich Germany Distributed Systems Group ETH Zurich Switzerland TecO University of Karlsruhe Germany Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland Computing Department Lancaster University United Kingdom

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