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International Symposium on Wearable computers

作者： F. Michahelles R. Wicki B. Schiele Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland Multimodal Interactive Systems Technical University of Darmstadt Germany

Heart-rate sensing is very important. Whereas there are different methods and commercial products available, they all have a common drawback: the user has to mount some piece of sensor to his body. This paper provides a case study on how micro-impulse radar (MIR) can be used to sense heart-rate in a contact-free manner. With a sequence of tests the robustness of radar to different placements and even distances from the subject is shown. Since MIR is also cheap and power-efficient this paper suggests heart-rate sensing through radar as a promising approach.

关键词： Heart rate detection Radar Heart rate computer vision Aging Medical services Ubiquitous computing Pervasive computing Wearable computers Wrist

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Towards distributed awareness - an artifact based approach

Towards distributed awareness - an artifact based approach

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IEEE Workshop on Mobile computing Systems and Applications (WMCSA)

作者： F. Michahelles S. Antifakos A. Schmidt B. Schiele M. Beigl Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision ETH Zurich Switzerland Embedded Interaction Group University of Munich (LMU) Germany Multimodal Interactive Systems Technical University of Darmstadt Germany Telecooperation Office (TecO) University of Karlsruhe Germany

Perception is a central issue for many applications in ubiquitous computing. However, in current implementations, sensing and distributed perception is re-invented over and over again. Identifying commonalities and synthesizing a common model would be more effective both from an economic as well as scientific perspective. We have analyzed the properties of ubicomp perception systems and used their characteristics as a main input for the design of a perception model. We present a layered perception model, discriminating functionality on artifact, setting, and application level. On the artifact layer, data collection, perception, and recognition for the particular artifact is modelled and implemented. The setting layer deals with perception and recognition tasks for a tightly coupled group of artifacts. In the application layer, perception and application-specific recognition resides. The approach was evaluated by building applications, two of which are also reported in the paper. The wider applicability of the model was assessed by analyzing further applications and how they map onto the artifact-based approach.

关键词： Pervasive computing Ubiquitous computing computer vision Data mining Embedded computing Interactive systems Application software Energy consumption Delay computer architecture

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Multi-object tracking based on a modular knowledge hierarchy

Multi-object tracking based on a modular knowledge hierarchy

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Lecture Notes in computer Science

作者： Spengler, Martin Schiele, Bernt Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group Computer Science Department ETH Zurich Switzerland

An important goal of research in computer vision systems is to develop architectures which are general and robust and at the same time transparent and easily transferable from one domain to another. To this extent this paper discusses and demonstrates the versatility of a multi-object tracking framework based on the so called knowledge hierarchy. The systematic description and analysis of a priori knowledge provides means not only for reducing the complexity of the multi-object tracking problem but also for building modular systems for solving it. The modularity of the framework, an essential ingredient for versatility, allows to replace individual parts of an existing system without altering the rest of the system or the overall architecture. The paper presents the modular framework including the knowledge hierarchy for multi object tracking. In order to demonstrate the transferability of the proposed approach the tracking framework is then applied to three different tracking scenarios (parking lot surveillance, people interaction monitoring, and dining table setup). © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003.

关键词： Tracking (position)

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Analyzing appearance and contour based methods for object categorization

Analyzing appearance and contour based methods for object ca...

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Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： B. Leibe B. Schiele Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland

Object recognition has reached a level where we can identify a large number of previously seen and known objects. However, the more challenging and important task of categorizing previously unseen objects remains largely unsolved. Traditionally, contour and shape based methods are regarded most adequate for handling the generalization requirements needed for this task. Appearance based methods, on the other hand, have been successful in object identification and detection scenarios. Today little work is done to systematically compare existing methods and characterize their relative capabilities for categorizing objects. In order to compare different methods we present a new database specifically tailored to the task of object categorization. It contains high-resolution color images of 80 objects from 8 different categories, for a total of 3280 images. It is used to analyze the performance of several appearance and contour based methods. The best categorization result is obtained by an appropriate combination of different methods.

关键词： Object recognition Shape computer vision Image databases Performance analysis Face detection Image segmentation Psychology Humans Object detection

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Towards a wearable inertial sensor network

Towards a wearable inertial sensor network

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2003 IEE Eurowearable

作者： K. Van Laerhoven N. Kern H.W. Gellersen B. Schiele Computing Department Lancaster University Lancaster UK Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH-Zurich Zurich Switzerland

Wearable inertial sensors have become an inexpensive option to measure the movements and positions of a person. Other techniques that use environmental sensors such as ultrasound trackers or vision-based methods need full line of sight or a local setup, and it is complicated to access this data from a wearable computer's perspective. However, a body-centric approach where sensor data is acquired and processed locally, has a need for appropriate algorithms that have to operate under restricted resources. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of algorithms that abstract inertial data from body-worn sensors, illustrated using data from state-of-the-art wearable multi-accelerometer prototypes.

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Mobile ad hoc communication issues in ubiquitous computing - The smart-its experimentation platforms

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2003年 2775卷 213-218页

作者： Schmidt, Albrecht Siegemund, Frank Beigl, Michael Antifakos, Stavros Michahelles, Florian Gellersen, Hans-W. Media Informatics Group University of Munich Germany Distributed Systems Group ETH Zurich Switzerland TecO University of Karlsruhe Germany Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland Computing Department Lancaster University United Kingdom

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Proactive instructions for furniture assembly 4

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4th International Conference on Ubiquitous computing, UbiComp 2002

作者： Antifakos, Stavros Michahelles, Florian Schiele, Bernt Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)3540442677

Tennenhouse [1] coined the term proactive computing where humans get out of the interaction loop and may be serviced specifically according to their needs and current situation. In this paper we propose a framework for proactive guidance which aims to overcome limitations of today’s printed instructions. By attaching computing devices and multi- ple sensors onto different parts of the assembly the system can recognize the actions of the user and determine the current state of the assembly. The system can suggest the next most appropriate action at any point in time. In an experimental case study with the IKEA PAX wardrobe we show the feasibility of the proposed approach. At the end important issues are discussed and future directions are outlined. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： computers

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Query-dependent performance optimization for vocabulary-supported image retrieval

Query-dependent performance optimization for vocabulary-supp...

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24th German Association for Pattern Recognition Symposium, DAGM 2002

作者： Vogel, Julia Schiele, Bernt Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)354044209X

In[1], we proposed a two-stage retrieval framework which makes not only performance characterization but also performance optimization manageable. There, the performance optimization focused on the second stage of the retrieval framework. In this paper, we extend the method to a full two-stage performance characterization and optimization. In our retrieval framework, the user specifies a high-level concept to be searched for, the size of the image region to be covered by the concept (e.g."Search images with 30-50% of sky") and an optimization option (e.g. "maximum recall", "maximum precision" or "joint maximization of precision and recall"). For the detection of each concept such as "sky", a multitude of concept detectors exist that perform differently. In order to reach optimum retrieval performance, the detector best satisfying the user query is selected and the information of the corresponding concept detector is processed and optimized. Besides the optimization procedure itself the paper discusses the generation of multiple detectors per semantic concept. In experiments, the advantage of joint compared to individual optimization of first and second stage is shown. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Semantics

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An information-theoretic approach to combining object models

An information-theoretic approach to combining object models

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Intelligent Robotic Systems (SIRS 2002)

作者： Kruppa, Hannes Schiele, Bernt Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland

This paper introduces a new method for combining different object models. By determining a configuration of the models, which maximizes their mutual information, the proposed method creates a unified hypothesis from multiple object models on the fly without prior training. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments are conducted in which human faces are detected and localized in images by combining different face models. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： computer aided analysis

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Skin patch detection in real-world images

Skin patch detection in real-world images

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24th Symposium of the German Pattern Recognition Association, DAGM 2002

作者： Kruppa, Hannes Bauer, Martin A. Schiele, Bernt Perceptual Computing and Computer Vision Group ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)354044209X

While human skin is relatively easy to detect in controlled environments, detection in uncontrolled settings such as in consumer digital photographs is generally hard. Algorithms need to robustly deal with variations in lighting, color resolution, and imaging noise. This paper proposes a simple generative skin patch model combining shape and color information. The model is parametric and represents the spatial arrangement of skin pixels as compact elliptical regions. Its parameters are estimated by maximizing the mutual information between the model-generated skin pixel distribution and the distribution of skin color as observed in the image. The core of this work is an empirical evaluation on a database of 653 consumer digital photographs. In addition, we investigate the potential of combining our skin detector with state-of-the-art appearance-based face detectors. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Pixels

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