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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Wenting Wu Pin Tao Mou Xiao Jiangtao Wen Ruiping Li Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology (TNList) Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

In this paper, a localized horizontal spatial prediction (HSP) based algorithm was proposed for Intra coding of high definition (HD) inputs. In the algorithm, a block of size 32×16 is divided into two 16×16 MBs, consisting of the pixels from the even-numbered columns and the odd-numbered columns (termed the even MB and the odd MB) respectively. The even MB is encoded using conventional Intra coding techniques and then its reconstruction is used for the prediction of the odd MB. Experimental results show that up to 0.79 dB and on average 0.39 dB gain can be achieved for HD sequences with the proposed framework at lower complexity than H.264 Intra coding.

关键词： Pixel Encoding Correlation Prediction algorithms Bit rate Automatic voltage control High definition video

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A tabletop multi-touch Dalí's painting appreciation system

A tabletop multi-touch Dalí's painting appreciation system

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IEEE International Conference on Ubi-Media computing

作者： Li Tian Xiangliang Meng Hao Jiang Yuanchun Shi Tsinghua University Beijing China Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Department of Computer Science & Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424467082

Painting artworks, especially those having surreal or super-rational elements, are difficult for ordinary people to deeply appreciate in a static exhibiting manner. We believe that bringing interactivity to an existing painting would have benefits of emphasizing the theme, encouraging active and collaborative learning, and compensating its aura. To this end, in this paper we present DALI (Dalí's Artwork for Learning Interactively), a multi-touch system designed to guide viewers in their processes of appreciating painting artworks. The current system runs on a multi-touch tabletop. 30 paintings of Spanish artist Salvador Dalí's were digitized, deconstructed, and interactively displayed on the table. Visual effects on the paintings can be triggered by hand and finger gestures-an effective way of visual arts education.

关键词： Painting Art Collaborative work Visual effects Fingers Modems Laboratories pervasive computing computer science education computer science

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A Rate and Resource Detection Based Receive Buffer Adaptation Approach for High-Speed Data Transportation

A Rate and Resource Detection Based Receive Buffer Adaptatio...

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International Conference on computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN)

作者： Hao Liu Yaoxue Zhang Yuezhi Zhou Ruini Xue Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Sci. and Tech. Tsinghua University Beijing China

With the development of computing devices and networks, several efficient and high performance UDP-based protocols have been proposed and employed in recently emerging computing paradigms, e.g., pervasive or cloud computing, to transport large data. However, since the server in such protocols uses a fixed-size memory buffer to hold received packets before handling them, the buffer will be exhausted if these packets cannot be handled as fast as they arrive, impairing the performance dramatically even if there is plenty of free memory. To solve this problem, we propose a Rate and Resource Detection Based Buffer Adaptation Approach (RRDA). RRDA collects the difference between the server receiving and processing rate and the amount of free memory periodically. Based on these information, RRDA decides whether the receive buffer should be resized and if so, to what extent to adjust. RRDA can not only avoid the exhaustion of receive buffer when the server load is heavy, but also can free unnecessary memory when the load is low. Experimental results show that RRDA can reduce the occurrence of buffer exhaustion by a factor of 10 and improve the throughput remarkably, compared with the fixed-size buffer scheme.

关键词： Servers Throughput Memory management Transportation Transport protocols Instruction sets

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Emotional talking agent: System and evaluation

Emotional talking agent: System and evaluation

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International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC)

作者： Shen Zhang Jia Jia Yingjin Xu Lianhong Cai Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory on Intelligent Technology and Systems Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

In this paper, we introduce a system that synthesizes the emotional audio-visual speech for a 3-D talking agent by adopting the PAD (Pleasure-Arousal-Dominance) emotional model. A GMM-based method is introduced to predict variation of acoustic features for emotional speech by PAD values, and a parametric framework of PAD-driven emotional facial expression synthesis is built. As the focus of this paper, we performed a series of perceptual evaluations to understand the reinforcement effect of vocal and facial expression of emotion, and investigated the usefulness and effectiveness of the emotional talking agent in human computer speech communications. Three questions are addressed: 1) To what extent do different interfaces affect human's comprehension of emotion? 2) How accurate the emotional information is conveyed by the talking agent? 3) Is the multimodal (audio-visual) interface helpful to human's emotion comprehension? An evaluation involving 19 participants was conducted to compare the effect of different interfaces (speech, mute agent and talking agent) on improving human's comprehension of emotion. The experimental results unveil the significant mutually reinforcing relationship between audio and video modality in emotion perception, and show that the users have a strong preference to multimodal interface for better comprehension of emotion. The results also prove the effectiveness of our PAD based emotional talking agent synthesis system.

关键词： Speech Visualization Humans Acoustics Speech synthesis computers Feature extraction

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Flexible, plug-and-play network middleware against network instability with R2-OSGi

Flexible, plug-and-play network middleware against network i...

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International Conference on pervasive computing and Applications (ICPCA)

作者： Jinzhao Liu Yongqiang Lv Lei Zhang Naizheng Wang Qiang Fu Dan Wang Yu Chen Department of Computing Beijing University of Technology China Research Institute of Information Technology Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Tsinghua University China Department of Computer Science & Technology Tsinghua University China

As an emerging portable service platform, OSGi (Open Service Gateway Initiative) is taking a more and more important role in modern Service Oriented Architectures (SOA). In order to improve the capability of using distributed services in network-based OSGi applications, R-OSGi (Remote OSGi) is invented. However, network-based SOA applications are prone to the big impact on Quality of Service (QoS) caused by network instability problem, which implies that developers have to deal with the potential R-OSGi networking exceptions at application layer. In this paper, we present an improved middleware based on the original OSGi, the Robust R-OSGi (R 2 -OSGi in abbreviation), which can deal with networking exceptions transparently to developers beneath the application layer. The middleware can automatically detect the various failures which might occur in current network and then select the pre-defined exception-handling strategies to proceed.

关键词： Quality of service Heart beat Availability Servers Service oriented architecture Detectors

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When Transportation Meets Communication: V2P over VANETs

When Transportation Meets Communication: V2P over VANETs

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IEEE International Conference on Distributed computing Systems

作者： Nianbo Liu Ming Liu Jiannong Cao Guihai Chen Wei Lou School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Internet and Mobile Computing Laboratory Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424472611;9780769540597

Information interaction is a crucial part of modern transportation activities. In this paper, we propose the idea of Vehicle-to-Passenger communication (V2P), which allows direct, instant, and flexible communication between moving vehicles and roadside passengers. With pocket wireless devices, passengers can easily join VANETs as roadside nodes, and express their travel demands, e.g., taking a free ride or calling a taxi via radio queries over VANETs. Once a matched vehicle is found through the disseminated queries, the driver can decide whether to provide corresponding services, especially the carrying of passengers and goods. We investigate the main challenges in vehicle calling, establish a trip history model to predict vehicle movement, and develop typical query dissemination schemes to match the target vehicle in vehicular networks. With V2P over VANETs, vehicle transportation is capable of open and efficient P2P information interaction, and thus benefits from relevant efficiency improvement. Based on a realistic travel survey and simulation, we prove that vehicle calling is effective and efficient in casual carpooling and taxi-calling.

关键词： VANET V2P Carpool Ride-sharing V2P Ridesharing V2V CARPOOLING vehicle passengers Traffic surveys

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Middleware Support for Context-awareness in Asynchronous pervasive computing Environments

Middleware Support for Context-awareness in Asynchronous Per...

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IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous computing, EUC

作者： Jianping Yu Yu Huang Jiannong Cao Xianping Tao Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Internet and Mobile Computing Lab Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

Context-awareness is an essential feature of pervasive applications, and runtime detection of contextual properties is one of the primary approaches to enabling context awareness. However, existing context-aware middleware does not provide sufficient support for detection of contextual properties in asynchronous environments. We argue that in asynchronous environments, the concept of time needs to be reexamined. Instead of assuming the availability of global time or synchronous interaction, we should rely on logical time. To this end, we present the Middleware Infrastructure for Predicate detection in Asynchronous environments (MIPA), which supports context-awareness based on logical time. Design and operation of MIPA are explained in detail. We also evaluate MIPA with a comprehensive case study. The evaluation results show the cost-effectiveness and scalability of MIPA.

关键词： Context Radiofrequency identification Context modeling Middleware Memory management pervasive computing

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Facial expression synthesis based on emotion dimensions for affective talking avatar

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Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies 2010年第1期2010卷 109-132页

作者： Zhang, Shen Wu, Zhiyong Meng, Helen M. Cai, Lianhong Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua-CUHK Joint Research Center for Media Sciences Technologies and Systems Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen China Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong HKSAR Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9783642126031

Facial expression is one of the most expressive ways for human beings to deliver their emotion, intention, and other nonverbal messages in face to face communications. In this chapter, a layered parametric framework is proposed to synthesize the emotional facial expressions for an MPEG4 compliant talking avatar based on the three dimensional PAD model, including pleasure-displeasure, arousal-nonarousal and dominance-submissiveness. The PAD dimensions are used to capture the high-level emotional state of talking avatar with specific facial expression. A set of partial expression parameter (PEP) is designed to depict the expressive facial motion patterns in local face areas, and reduce the complexity of directly manipulation of low-level MPEG4 facial animation parameters (FAP). The relationship among the emotion (PAD), expression (PEP) and animation (FAP) parameter is analyzed on a virtual facial expression database. Two levels of parameter mapping are implemented, namely the emotion-expression mapping from PAD to PEP, and the linear interpolation from PEP to FAP. The synthetic emotional facial expression is combined with the talking avatar speech animation in a text to audio visual speech system. Perceptual evaluation shows that our approach can generate appropriate facial expressions for subtle and complex emotions defined by PAD and thus enhance the emotional expressivity of talking avatar. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010.

关键词： Mapping

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Doodle space: Painting on a public display by cam-phone

Doodle space: Painting on a public display by cam-phone

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ACM 2009 Workshop on Ambient Media computing, AMC'09, Co-located with the 2009 ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM'09

作者： Zhong, Yu Li, Xin Fan, Mingming Shi, Yuanchun Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587608

In this paper, we present a novel interactive application on public displays, Doodle Space, which allows multiple participants collaboratively painting 3D curve on a projected wall using personal camera phones. An image sequence based algorithm is used to estimate the movement parameters of cam-phones. Users' cam-phone holding hand's gesture is recognized and monitored in real time which allows users to control a virtual brush naturally by moving their phones in the air. A wireless transmission mechanism based on Bluetooth protocol is implemented to build movement parameters transmission channel between phones and server PC. A 3D drawing scheme is designed to construct 3D curve with movement parameters on the display. People could not only doodle but also manipulate their doodles by dragging, rotation and zoom which are indispensable for true drawing. User studies are applied to testify and improve doodle space's feasibility and entertainment. Copyright 2009 ACM.

关键词： Bluetooth

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Voiced/unvoiced decision algorithm for HMM-based speech synthesis

Voiced/unvoiced decision algorithm for HMM-based speech synt...

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10th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, INTERSPEECH 2009

作者： Shiyin, Kang Zhiwei, Shuang Quansheng, Duan Yong, Qin Lianhong, Cai Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing China Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China IBM China Research Lab. Beijing China

This paper introduces a novel method to improve the U/V decision method in HMM-based speech synthesis. In the conventional method, the U/V decision of each state is independently made, and a state in the middle of a vowel may be decided as unvoiced. In this paper, we propose to utilize the constraints of natural speech to improve the U/V decision inside a unit, such as syllable or phone. We use a GMM-based U/V change time model to select the best U/V change time in one unit, and refine the U/V decision of all states in that unit based on the selected change time. The result of a perceptual evaluation demonstrates that the proposed method can significantly improve the naturalness of the synthetic speech. Copyright © 2009 ISCA.

关键词： Speech synthesis

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