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Nanohybrid membrane in algal-membrane photoreactor: Microalgae cultivation and wastewater polishing

Chinese Journal of chemical engineering 2019年第11期27卷 2799-2806页

作者： Woon Chan Chong Abdul Wahab Mohammad Ebrahim Mahmoudi Ying Tao Chung Kamrul Fakir Kamarudin Mohd Sobri Takriff Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJalan Sungai LongBandar Sungai LongCheras43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology(CESPRO) Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTechnology and Built EnvironmentUCSI UniversityNo.1Jalan Menara GadingUCSI HeightsCheras56000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Microalgae cultivation has gained tremendous attention in recent years due to its great potential in green biofuel production and wastewater treatment application. Membrane technology is a great solution in separating the microalgae biomass while producing high quality of permeate for recycling. The main objective of this study was to investigate the filtration performance of Ag/GO-PVDF(silver/graphene oxide-polyvinylidene fluoride) membrane in an algalmembrane photoreactor(A-MPR) by benchmarking with a commercial PVDF(com-PVDF) membrane. In this study, Chlorella vulgaris microalgae was cultivated in synthetic wastewater in an A-MPR for ammoniacal-nitrogen and phosphorus recovery and the wastewater was further filtered using Ag/GO-PVDF and com-PVDF membranes to obtain high quality water. Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the chemical oxidation demand(COD), ammoniacal nitrogen(NH3-N) and phosphate(PO43-). The concentration of proteins and carbohydrates was measured using Bradford method and phenol-sulfuric acid method, respectively. The COD of the synthetic wastewater was reduced from(180.5 ± 5.6) ppm to(82 ± 2.6) ppm due to nutrient uptake by microalgae. Then, the Ag/GO-PVDF membrane was used to further purify the microalgae cultivated wastewater, resulting in a low COD permeate of(31 ± 4.6) ppm. The high removal rate of proteins(100%) and carbohydrates(86.6%) as the major foulant in microalgae filtration, with low membrane fouling propensity of Ag/GO-PVDF membrane is advantageous for the sustainable development of the microalgae production. Hence, the integrated A-MPR system is highly recommended as a promising approach for microalgae cultivation and wastewater polishing treatment.

关键词： Algal-membrane photoreactor Nanohybrid membrane Wastewater polishing Microalgal cultivation Nutrient recovery

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Alumina coating on mild steel by atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition using metallorganic source 5

Alumina coating on mild steel by atmospheric pressure chemic...

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5th Brunei International Conference on engineering and Technology, BICET 2014

作者： Sathiyamoorthy, D. Selvakumar, J. Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Programme Area Faculty of Engineering Institut Teknologi Brunei P.O. Box 2909 Tungku Gadong Brunei KNRPC BARCF Kalpakkam603102 India

ISBN: (纸本)9781849199919

Thin film of alumina was deposited by APCVD at 1073 K in argon gas environment using tris(acetylacetonato)aluminium(III) as precursor which was successfully synthesised in house. The thermal stability and relevant properties of the precursor were measured by employing a horizontal, dual-arm single-furnace and thermo gravimetric analyser. The alumina coated mild steel tubes (∼5 cm) were tested for their corrosion stability in concentrated nitric acid environment and the coated tube has been found to withstand extreme corrosion condition.

关键词： chemical vapor deposition

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The Study of the Integration Between Pectin and Sodium Dodecyl-Sulfate on Oil Recovery

The Study of the Integration Between Pectin and Sodium Dodec...

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2024 SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, NAIC 2024

作者： Musa, M.S.M. Adam, N.H.B. Gbonhinbor, J.R. Ridzuan, N. Mahat, S.Q.A. Yakasai, F. Ngouangna, E.N. Oseh, J.O. Agi, A. Oil and Gas Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia Department of Petroleum Engineering Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Bayelsa State Amassoma Nigeria Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology College of Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah Pahang Gambang Malaysia Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Engineering Bayero University Kano Nigeria Department of Petroleum Engineering School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025474

Surfactant flooding is a recognized technique within the realm of chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR), to enhance oil recovery in cases of continual depletion in conventional oil reserves. This method has a track record of effectively increasing oil recovery rates. The process involves multiple factors, including the reduction of interfacial tension (IFT), alterations in wettability, the creation of foam, and emulsification. Despite its success, a primary concern associated with surfactant flooding is the emergence of increased fingering effects, resulting in conformance issues like excessive water production. The primary objective of this research is to examine the interaction between pectin and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the context of oil recovery, assessing the collaborative potential of pectin in conjunction with SDS to amplify oil production, and evaluating the impact of sodium chloride (NaCl) salinity on the behaviour of pectin and SDS in the context of oil recovery. To address water production concerns, this study employs polymer to augment water viscosity. The interaction between pectin and SDS will be scrutinized by observing three distinct sand packs, each containing surfactant, polymer, and a surfactant-polymer combination, respectively. The findings indicated significant improvements in oil recovery using different enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques. Freshwater flooding resulted in a 15% increase in oil recovery compared to saltwater flooding. Polymer flooding with a concentration of 0.6 wt% demonstrated the highest efficacy of 77.85% improvement in oil recovery compared to waterflooding. Surfactant flooding, while slightly less effective than polymer flooding, but still showed a remarkable 48.94% increase in oil recovery after waterflooding. However, surfactant flooding's effectiveness could be constrained by factors like reservoir characteristics and fluid properties. Despite this, the study revealed that combining surfactant and polymer fl

关键词： Surface active agents

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The Use of Strychnos Potatorum in an Environmental IoT System for the Treatment of Commercial and Domestic Washing Discharge in Continuous Column Studies 30th

The Use of Strychnos Potatorum in an Environmental IoT Syste...

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Advances in Systems engineering - Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Systems engineering, ICSEng 2023

作者： Ramalingham, Senthilkumar Prasad, Reddy Kumar, K. Saravana Shanmugam, Thirumurugan Al Toobi, Khalsa Al Yaroubi, Aya Al Jabri, Maryam College of Engineering and Technology University of Technology and Applied Sciences Suhar Oman Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei College of Computing and Information Sciences University of Technology and Applied Sciences Suhar Oman

ISBN: (纸本)9783031405785

Wastewater treatment and access to clean drinking water are major problems in emerging nations. Turbidity is caused by pollutants in the form of colloid particles found in waste water, and the color of waste water is brought on by the existence of naturally occurring mineral ions. The traditional, costly way of removing turbidity and discolored organic matter is coagulation treatment with chemicals. As a result, a different and affordable technique for eliminating turbidity using natural coagulants is suggested. Strychnos potatorum, a plant-based coagulant, is one of the natural coagulants that can be used in wastewater treatment to decrease it, and it is increasingly being used in this capacity. This study work concentrated on removing turbidity from both commercial and household washing machines using Strychnos potatorum seeds by creating an environmental system. Parameters, including pH(6), size (0.25 cm), and dosage (0.6 gm), have been optimized in batch study. The bed height (25 cm) and flow rate (5 ml/min) in the continuous mode of study have been optimized based on optimized parameters in the batch study. Results of FTIR and SEM tests confirmed the removal of turbidity. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Sonication assisted transesterification of Jatropha oil for the production of biodiesel: A kinetic study 7

Sonication assisted transesterification of Jatropha oil for ...

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7th Brunei International Conference on engineering and Technology 2018, BICET 2018

作者： Reddy Prasad, D.M. Kong, Valerian Victor Sathiyamoorthy, D. Sulaiman, Ahmad Z. Senthilkumar, R. Yahya, N.W. Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Programme area Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Brunei Tungku Highway GadongBE1410 Brunei Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak Kuantan Pahang26300 Malaysia College of Applied Sciences PO Box no. 135 Postal code 311 Sohar Oman

ISBN: (纸本)9781785617911

Fossil-based fuels are main sources for atmospheric pollution and global warming. Biodiesel is the most attractive alternative fuel to the fast depletion of fossil oil. Jatropha oil is renewable non edible oil with high percentage of free fatty acids (FFAs). It generally forms soap in the presence of alkali catalyst during the production of biodiesel. In order to overcome this problem, we attempted to produce biodiesel through two-step transesterification. In the first step 1 wt % sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in oil was used for transesterification of Jatropha oil at 60°C in the mixture of one part of acid free oil with six parts of methanol. The first step was carried out to reduce the FFAs content to a minimal value. In the second step Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) catalyzed esterification was carried out at 60°C to convert FFA free Jatropha oil to biodiesel. Sonication at 20 KHz was used in both the steps. Sonication could help achieving intensive mixing of the reaction mixture during transesterification process. The conversion of biodiesel was estimated through hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance. We could achieve in the first step 99% reduction of FFA followed by 92% conversion of resultant Jatropha oil to biodiesel in 45 min. The reaction rate constants k for transesterification were estimated at different temperatures and the rate equation was derived. We conclude that the two step transesterification is likely to be a most promising environment friendly method to convert Jatropha to biodiesel. © 2018 Institution of engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biodiesel

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Synthesis of nano emulsion from waste cooking oil for enhanced oil recovery applications

Synthesis of nano emulsion from waste cooking oil for enhanc...

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International Conference on Mechanical engineering, Energy and Advanced Materials, ICMEEAM 2018

作者： Noor, M.I.I.M. Islam, A. Saalah, S. Ken, C.C. Anisuzzaman, S.M. Kamin, Z. Chemical Engineering Programme Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS Sabah Kota Kinabalu88400 Malaysia Energy Research Unit Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS Sabah Kota Kinabalu88400 Malaysia Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Jessore University of Science and Technology Bangladesh

Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a tertiary method to extract potential oil in a matured well. Emulsion, which is one EOR method has properties which enable it to recover oil remains in reservoir rocks of the matured well. Nano sized emulsion or nano emulsion able to recover trapped oil, by capillary force in fine pores of the reservoir rock. Nano emulsion reduces the oil-water interfacial tension and therefore changes the wettability of the reservoir rock. However, the nano emulsion is uneconomical and unstable. Therefore, this work aimed to produce nano emulsions by using low cost waste cooking oil, Tween 80 and Span 80. Ultra-sonication was used to reduce the size of the emulsion. The concentration of surfactant, power of ultra-sonication and time of sonication were varied to study the stability of the oil-in-water and size of the emulsion using the Malvern Zetasizer. The nano emulsion was then tested on a crude oil soak meligan formation sand rock to test the performance of the nano emulsion. The result show values of zeta potential and droplet size were-15.3 mV and 262.1 *** respectively. The emulsion droplet sizes were about 500 nm with milky white appearance. The nano emulsion shows positive results as 63.89 % crude oil displaced from the soaked meligan formation sand rock. As a conclusion, the nano emulsion produced from waste cooking oil can potentially be used for EOR. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Emulsions

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Measurement and modeling of bubble and dew points of the carbon dioxide + tetrahydrofuran + water system

Measurement and modeling of bubble and dew points of the car...

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作者： Sabil, Khalik M. Witkamp, Geert-Jan Peters, Cor J. Process Equipment Mechanical Maritime and Materials Engineering Delft University of Technology Leeghwaterstraat 44 2628 CA Delft Netherlands Chemical Engineering Programme Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar 31750 Tronoh Perak Malaysia Chemical Engineering Program Bu Hasa Building Petroleum Institute P.O. Box 2203 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

The bubble-and dew-point behavior of the carbon dioxide (1) + tetrahydrofuran (2) + water (3) system has been studied. Pressure-temperature isopleths were measured for the ternary system at x1) 0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.09, and 0.27 at a constant mole fraction of tetrahydrofuran, x2) 0.05. The bubble-and dewpoint lines for the ternary systems were also measured at x2) 0.01,0.03,0.05, and 0.07 for fixed composition of carbon dioxide (x1) at 0.04 mol fraction and at x2) 0.01,0.03,0.05,0.06, and 0.09 for a fixed composition of carbon dioxide (x1) at 0.09, respectively. The pressure and temperature range from (1 to 6) MPa and (280 to 300) K, respectively. The experimental results for the ternary system have been modeled using the predictive Peng-Robinson-Stryjek-Vera (PRSV) equation of state with the Huron-Vidal-Orbey-Sandler (HVOS) mixing rule and the universal quasi-chemical activity coefficient (UNIQUAC) GEmodel. Excellent agreements have been found between the experimental and the predicted values of the bubble and dew points of the ternary system throughout the composition range studied. © 2010 American chemical Society.

关键词： Ternary systems

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Correction: Water-Weakening Effects on the Failure Behavior of Mudstones

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Rock Mechanics and Rock engineering 2023年第12期56卷 9187-9188页

作者： Iyare, U. C. Blake, O. O. Frash, L. P. Carey, J. W. Jones, Dahlia Ramjarrie, Kerneese Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos USA Petroleum Geoscience Programme Department of Chemical Engineering University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago

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Assessment of porous carbons derived from sustainable palm solid waste for carbon dioxide capture

Assessment of porous carbons derived from sustainable palm s...

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作者： Nasri, Noor S. Hamza, Usman D. Ismail, Siti N. Ahmed, Murtala M. Mohsin, Rahmat Sustainability Waste-to-Wealth Unit UTM-MPRC Oil and Gas Institute Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia Chemical Engineering Programme Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Tafawa Balewa Way Bauchi Bauchi state Nigeria Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia Gas Engineering Department Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang Kuantan Pahang Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Maiduguri P.M.B. 1069 Maiduguri Borno Nigeria Faculty of Petroleum and Renewable Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia

Potentials of solid agro-wastes from palm processing mills (palm kernel) for producing low cost porous carbons were investigated. The study deals with the use of palm kernel shell based porous carbons as adsorbents for CO 2 capture. Carbonization of the palm kernel shell (PKS) was carried out at 700 °C followed by CO2 activation. The porous carbons were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric and derivative thermogravimetric (TG/DTA) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and nitrogen adsorption tests. The adsorption equilibrium of CO2 on palm kernel shell activated carbon was measured using a static volumetric technique. Adsorption of CO2 on the porous carbons was conducted at 30 °C for pressures up to 4 bars. The equilibrium data were simulated using the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, with both models having R2 > 0.98. The experimental kinetic data was fitted to the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Elovich equations, while the adsorption mechanism was evaluated using the Webber-Moris intra-particle diffusion model. Higher CO 2 uptake of 7.32 mmol/g was obtained for PAC (palm kernel activated carbon) at 30 °C and 4 bars. PAC adsorbed 23.52 kg CO2/t PKS. The findings revealed the potential of palm shell as a viable and sustainable biomass for preparation of activated carbon for gas adsorption applications. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Activated carbon

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Alumina coating on mild steel by atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition using metallorganic source

Alumina coating on mild steel by atmospheric pressure chemic...

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5th Brunei International Conference on engineering and Technology (BICET 2014)

作者： D. Sathiyamoorthy J. Selvakumar Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Programme Area Faculty of Engineering Institut Teknologi Brunei Tungku Gadong P.O. Box 2909 Brunei Darussalam KNRPC BARCF Kalpakkam 603102 India

Thin film of alumina was deposited by APCVD at 1073 K in argon gas environment using tris Aluminum nitrate Acetylacetone RT tris(acetylacetonato)aluminium(III) as precursor which was successfully synthesised in house. The thermal stability and relevant properties of the precursor were measured by employing a horizontal, dual-arm single-furnace and thermo gravimetric analyser. The alumina coated mild steel tubes (~5 cm) were tested for their corrosion stability in concentrated nitric acid environment and the coated tube has been found to withstand extreme corrosion condition.

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