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Plant-derived galactolipids enhance specific antibody production and induce class-switch as vaccine adjuvant

Vaccine 2024年第4期42卷 782-794页

作者： Lin, Han-Huei Wu, Yi-Shin Chang, Meng-Ting Shyur, Lie-Fen Lin, Yu-Ling Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Various plant-derived compounds can activate immune responses against bacterial infections, and this property contributes to them being developed as effective and safe adjuvants for vaccines. This study evaluated the potential adjuvant effects of a galactolipid-enriched fraction generated from the medicinal plant Crassoceph.lum rabens (designated CRA). Heat shock protein 60 of periodontal disease pathogen Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (AaHSP60) was taken as an antigen and mixed with CRA. The AaHSP60/CRA mixture was then injected intraperitoneally into the BALB/c mice. Titers and affinity of specific antibodies were measured by ELISA. Cytokine profiles in mouse serum or culture media of AaHSP60/CRA-treated splenocytes were analyzed by cytokine multiplex assay and ELISA kits. B cell differentiation and macroph.ge activation were determined by ph.notyping. CRA dramatically enhanced specific antibody titers and induced Ig class switch, as shown by increases in the IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 proportions of total Ig in mouse serum. Furthermore, CRA-induced anti-AaHSP60 antibodies had cross-reactivity to other bacterial HSP60s. Cell-based and animal results demonstrated that CRA induced the release of IL-21 and B cell activating factor (BAFF), which stimulated B cell differentiation. CRA enhanced cell proliferation, uptake ability, and antigen presentation in mouse ph.gocytes. CRA served as a vaccine adjuvant that enhance mouse immunity against pathogenic antigens. CRA strengthened the activation and capabilities of ph.gocytes and B cells. Therefore, CRA may be a promising adjuvant for bacterial vaccines including periodontal disease. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： BAFF Galactolipid Humoral immunity IL-21 Plant-derived adjuvant

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7S,8R-dihydroxydeepoxysarcoph.toxide: A natural dihydrofuranocembranoid from the octocoral Sarcoph.ton stellatum

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ph.tochemistry Letters 2024年 63卷 14-17页

作者： Sheu, Jyh-Horng Zheng, Li-Guo Chen, You-Ying Chien, Su-Ying Sung, Ping-Jyun Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Instrumentation Center National Taiwan University Graduate Institute of Natural Products Kaohsiung Medical University Ph.D. Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Fu Jen Catholic University

Chemical screening of the octocoral Sarcoph.ton stellatum led to the isolation of a natural dihydrofuranocembranoid, 7S,8R-dihydroxydeepoxysarcoph.toxide (1). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was conducted to determine the absolute configuration of 1, and its structure was confirm using two-dimensional NMR experiments and a literature review. dihydrofuranocembranoid 1 actively enhanced alkaline ph.sph.tase activity. © 2024 ph.tochemical Society of Europe

关键词： Absolute configuration Alkaline ph.sph.tase dihydrofuranocembranoid Sarcoph.toxide

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Pulmonary entrapping predicts occult diaph.agmatic injury in blunt thoracic trauma with rib fractures

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Asian Journal of Surgery 2025年第5期48卷 2859-2865页

作者： Chang, Po-Chih Chen, Chao-Wen Liu, Yu-Wei Chou, Shah-Hwa Chang, Ting-Wei Li, Hsien-Pin Chiang, Hung-Hsing School of Medicine College of Medicine National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Division of Thoracic Surgery Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital/Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Weight Management Center Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital/Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Department of Sports Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Ph. D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital/Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Division of Thoracic Surgery Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Medical University Ganshan Hospital/Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan

Background: Blunt thoracic trauma (BTT) often leads to rib fractures (RFs), with an increasing trend in surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) combined with thoracoscopic exploration, revealing previously underestimated occult diaph.agmatic injuries (OdIs) that can result in hernias if not promptly addressed. We present our experience managing OdIs following BTT with complex RFs in a tertiary hospital in Southern Taiwan. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including patients undergoing SSRF for BTT with complex RFs from January 2018 to March 2024. We analyzed demograph.c data, trauma details, clinical presentations, intraoperative findings, radiological features, and attempted to identify predictive factors for OdIs using logistic regression analysis. We also reviewed previous case series on OdIs. Results: We identified 11 OdIs, primarily detected during thoracoscopic exploration performed concurrently with SSRF (n = 8) or excessive bloody pleural effusion (n = 3). One hundred and twenty-two patients underwent SSRFs for their complex RFs simultaneously. All these patients with incidental OdI findings during SSRF for complex RFs underwent successful diaph.agm repair via thoracoscopy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between trapped lung and OdI occurrence in patients undergoing SSRF after BTT (odds ratio: 24.423;95 % confidence interval: 2.77–215.369;p = 0.004). Conclusions: Our findings emph.size the importance of considering pulmonary entrapment as a significant predictive factor for OdI after BTT with complex RFs. Routine thoracoscopy during SSRF is crucial for early detection and management of this rare condition. © 2025 Asian Surgical Association and Taiwan Society of Coloproctology

关键词： Blunt injury diaph.agm Fracture fixation Pulmonary entrapping Rib fractures Thoracoscopy

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Application of a Self-Assembly Sensing Layer to Grating Sensor Cabinets for Biomedical Sensing of Rheumatoid Arthritis Antigen-Antibodies

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2024年第7期24卷 10039-10047页

作者： Wen, Hsin-Yi Hsu, Hsiang-Cheng Feng, Wen-Kai Jhan, Kai-Siang Yeh, Yao-Tsung Chiang, Chia-Chin National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Kaohsiung80778 Taiwan National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology College of Maritime Department of Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology Kaohsiung807618 Taiwan National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Kaohsiung80778 Taiwan Fooyin University Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Kaohsiung83102 Taiwan

In this article, we harnessed biomedical applications in laser-assisted etching long-period fiber gratings (LLPFGs) sensors, subsequently deploying them within the realm of biomedical applications. The primary aim of this study was to devise a sensitive method for the detection of antigen-antibodies associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using LLPFGs. Sensing the antigen binding took place on the surface of the optical fiber through a self-assembling process. Given the inherent limitations of conventional rheumatoid factor (RF) testing in terms of specificity, we introduced an innovative serum-based approach geared toward the identification of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (Anti-CCP) antibodies. This method exhibited an impressive diagnostic accuracy rate of approximately 80% for RA cases, coupled with an exceptional specificity level of 98% for individuals without RA. The incorporation of LLPFGs in the detection of RA antigen-antibodies presents a highly promising avenue for enhancing the precision and reliability of RA diagnosis. Furthermore, this research aligns closely with the United Nations Sustainable development Goal (SdG)3, which strives to promote well-being across all age groups and advance sustainable development by addressing health-related challenges, including the accurate diagnosis of diseases like RA. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Antibodies

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diph.nyl disulfide potentiates the apoptosis of breast cancer cells through Bax proteolytic activation with accompanying autoph.gy

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Environmental Toxicology 2023年第8期38卷 2022-2030页

作者： Chen, Sheng-Yuan Chiu, Chien-Chih Hung, Chun-Tzu Pan, Wen-Hsiung Chen, Yen-Chun Bow, Yung-ding Li, Wan-Ju Hsu, Sheng-Kai Lin, I-Ling Wen, Zhi-Hong Wu, Chang-Yi Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Biotechnology Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Biological Sciences National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Center for Cancer Research Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan National Laboratory Animal Center National Applied Research Laboratories Taipei Taiwan Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences College of Life Science Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Research National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and chemoresistance often leads to poor patient outcomes. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of synthetic diph.nyl disulfide (dPdS) in breast cancer cell lines. dPdS inhibited cellular proliferation and viability in a dose-dependent manner and reduced colony formation, an index of clonogenicity. Annexin-V and 7-AAd double staining showed that dPdS could induce the apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Western blotting of the expression of Bax p21 and its cleaved form p18 suggested the activation of p18 Bax-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the increased expression of the autoph.gy marker LC3B-II indicated autoph.gic lysosome accumulation induced by dPdS. Our findings suggest that dPdS has potential as a candidate for treating breast cancer, and further modifications and optimizations are warranted. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Cell death

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ph.tothermal Temperature-Modulated Cancer Metastasis Harnessed Using Proteinase-Triggered Assembly of Near-Infrared II ph.toacoustic/ph.tothermal Nanotheranostics

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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2024年第31期16卷 40611-40627页

作者： Chuang, Yao-Chen Hsia, Yu Chu, Chia-Hui Maharajan, Sivasubramanian Hsu, Fang-Chi Lee, Hsin-Lun Chiou, Jeng Fong Ch’ang, Hui-Ju Liao, Lun-de Lo, Leu-Wei Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Zhunan35053 Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei110301 Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica Taipei110301 Taiwan Department of Radiology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei110301 Taiwan National Institute of Cancer Research National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Zhunan35053 Taiwan

Here we demonstrate that cancer metastasis could be modulated by the judicious tuning of ph.sical parameters such as ph.tothermal temperature in nanoparticle-mediated ph.tothermal therapy (PTT). This is supported by theranostic nanosystem design and characterization, in vitro and in vivo analyses, and transcriptome-based gene profiling. In this work, the highly efficient near-infrared II (NIR-II) ph.toacoustic image (PA)-guided PTT are selectively activated using our developed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-triggered in situ assembly of gold nanodandelions (GNds@gelatin). Unlike other "always-on" NIR PTT agents lacking specific bioactivation and suffering from the intrinsic nonspecific pseudosignals and treatment-related side effects such as metastasis, our GNds@gelatin possesses important advantages while deployed in cancer PTT that include the following: (1) The theranostic effects could be "turned on" only after specific MMP-2/-9 activity and with acidity in the tumor microenvironment. (2) The quantitative PA diagnosis allows for precise PTT planning for better cancer treatment. (3) GNds@gelatin could noninvasively quantify MMP activity and efficiently harness NIR-I (808 nm) and NIR-II (1064 nm) energies for tumor ablation. (4) The multibranched nanostructures reabsorb scattered laser ph.tons, thus enhancing the surface plasmons for the pronounced ph.tothermal conversion of aggregated GNds@gelatin in situ. (5) It is noteworthy that in situ tumor eradication at higher PTT temperature (>55 °C) mediated by GNds@gelatin could induce subsequent metastasis, which could be otherwise abolished at lower PTT temperatures (50 °C > T > 43 °C). (6) Furthermore, the gene profiling using transcriptome-based microarray including GO and KEGG analyses revealed that 315 differentially expressed genes were identified in higher PTT temperature treated tumors compared with lower PTT temperature ones. These were enriched into some well-known cancer-related pathways, such as cell migrat

关键词： Plasmonics

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Based on deep feature extraction non-invasive bladder cancer prediction system 24

Based on deep feature extraction non-invasive bladder cancer...

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8th International Conference on medical and Health Informatics, ICMHI 2024

作者： Lin, Shih-Huan Xu, Ya-Wen Chuang, Min-Ling Chu, Yen-Wei Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Pathology Feng Yuan Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare Taichung Taiwan Biotechnology Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Agricultural Biotechnology Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Institute of Molecular Biology National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716874

Bladder cancer (BCa) ranks among the top ten most common cancers worldwide, and its five-year survival rate largely depends on early diagnosis. Given that 90% of BCa patients are over 55 years old, with an average age of 73 years. Therefore, a non-invasive early detection method is crucial for treatment and improving patient prognosis. To meet this need, our study leveraged non-invasive urine routine analysis as analytical data, combined with deep feature extraction, to achieve early detection and precise prediction, thereby alleviating the burden on middle-aged and elderly patients. We conducted urine routine analysis on 783 patients at Fengyuan Hospital, yielding promising preliminary results with accuracy (Acc), area under the curve (AUC), specificity (Sp), and sensitivity (Sn) values of 0.725, 0.800, 0.730, and 0.721, respectively. Furthermore, independent testing on 196 patients at MacKay Memorial Hospital provided stable validation, with AUC, Sp, and Sn values of 0.766, 0.606, and 0.831, respectively. These findings offer valuable insights for cancer detection, and the provided model can assist doctors in promoting early treatment plans, thereby improving patient outcomes and potentially saving lives. © 2024 Copyright owner author(s)

关键词： diseases

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Structure-guided identification and characterization of potent inhibitors targeting ph.P and MtrA to combat mycobacteria

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Computational and Structural biotechnology Journal 2024年 23卷 1477-1488页

作者： Su, Han-Li Lai, Shu-Jung Tsai, Keng-Chang Fung, Kit-Man Lung, Tse-Lin Hsu, Hsing-Mien Wu, Yi-Chen Liu, Ching-Hui Lai, Hui-Xiang Lin, Jiun-Han Tseng, Tien-Sheng Department of Emergency Medicine Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital Chiayi City600 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Research Center for Cancer Biology China Medical University Taichung Taiwan National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Institute of Molecular Biology National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Industrial Technology Ministry of Economic Affairs Taipei Taiwan Food Industry Research and Development Institute Hsinchu City Taiwan

Mycobacteria are causative agents of tuberculosis (TB), which is a global health concern. drug-resistant TB strains are rapidly emerging, thereby necessitating the urgent development of new drugs. Two-component signal transduction systems (TCSs) are signaling pathways involved in the regulation of various bacterial behaviors and responses to environmental stimuli. Applying specific inhibitors of TCSs can disrupt bacterial signaling, growth, and virulence, and can help combat drug-resistant TB. We conducted a comprehensive ph.rmacoph.re-based inhibitor screening and biochemical and bioph.sical examinations to identify, characterize, and validate potential inhibitors targeting the response regulators ph.P and MtrA of mycobacteria. The constructed ph.rmacoph.re model ph.r-PR-n4 identified effective inhibitors of formation of the ph.P–dNA complex: ST132 (IC50 = 29 ± 1.6 µM) and ST166 (IC50 = 18 ± 1.3 µM). ST166 (Kd = 18.4 ± 4.3 μM) and ST132 (Kd = 14.5 ± 0.1 μM) strongly targeted ph.P in a slow-on, slow-off manner. The inhibitory potency and binding affinity of ST166 and ST132 for MtrAC were comparable to those of ph.P. Structural analyses and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that ST166 and ST132 mainly interact with the α8-helix and C-terminal β-hairpin of ph.P, with functionally essential residue hotspots for structure-based inhibitor optimization. Moreover, ST166 has in vitro antibacterial activity against Macrobacterium marinum. Thus, ST166, with its characteristic 1,2,5,6-tetrathiocane and terminal sulph.nic groups, has excellent potential as a candidate for the development of novel antimicrobial agents to combat pathogenic mycobacteria. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Antimicrobial agents

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Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Know Best:The Remarkable Complexities of Its InteractionsWith Polymorph.nuclear Neutroph.ls

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Stem Cells 2024年第5期42卷 403-415页

作者： Wang, Li-Tzu Lee, Wei Liu, Ko-Jiunn Sytwu, Huey-Kang Yen, Men-Luh Linju Yen, B. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital College of Medicine NTU Taipei Taiwan School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Regenerative Medicine Research Group Institute of Cellular and System Medicine National Health Research Institutes (NHRI) Zhunan Taiwan Cell Therapy Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan National Institute of Cancer Research NHRI Tainan Taiwan National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology NHRI Zhunan Taiwan Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan

Polymorph.nuclear neutroph.ls (PMNs), the predominant immune cell type in humans, have long been known as first-line effector cells against bacterial infections mainly through ph.gocytosis and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, recent research has unveiled novel and pivotal roles of these abundant but short-lived granulocytes in health and disease. Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), renowned for their regenerative properties and modulation of T lymph.cytes from effector to regulatory ph.notypes, exhibit complex and context-dependent interactions with PMNs. Regardless of species or source, MSCs strongly abrogate PMN apoptosis, a critical determinant of PMN function, except if PMNs are highly stimulated. MSCs also have the capacity to fine-tune PMN activation, particularly in terms of Cd11b expression and ph.gocytosis. Moreover, MSCs can modulate numerous other PMN functions, spanning migration, ROS production, and neutroph.l extracellular trap (NET) formation/NETosis, but directionality is remarkably dependent on the underlying context: in normal nondiseased conditions, MSCs enhance PMN migration and ROS production, whereas in inflammatory conditions, MSCs reduce both these functions and NETosis. Furthermore, the state of the MSCs themselves, whether isolated from diseased or healthy donors, and the specific secreted products and molecules, can impact interactions with PMNs;while healthy MSCs prevent PMN infiltration and NETosis, MSCs isolated from patients with cancer promote these functions. This comprehensive analysis highlights the intricate interplay between PMNs and MSCs and its profound relevance in healthy and pathological conditions, shedding light on how to best strategize the use of MSCs in the expanding list of diseases with PMN involvement. © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.

关键词： : polymorph.nuclear neutroph.ls apoptosis Cd11b mesenchymal stromal/stem cells migration NETosis ph.gocytosis reactive oxygen species

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TiO2 Hole Transport Layer Incorporated in a Thermally Evaporated Sb2Se3 ph.toelectrode Exhibiting Low Onset Potential for ph.toelectrochemical Applications

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Energy and Fuels 2024年第17期38卷 16936-16948页

作者： Xavier, Thatheyus Peter Piraviperumal, Malar Kuo, Chih-Yu Govindasamy, Mani Thinfilm Photovoltaics Laboratory Department of Physics and Nanotechnology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur603203 India Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei City10608 Taiwan Research Center for Intelligence Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan Department of Research and Innovation Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai602105 India Taipei10608 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan

developing cost-effective ph.toelectrodes with a low band gap in the NIR-visible regions remains a challenge to achieve effective hydrogen production. We report the details of superstrate-configured ph.tocathodes, consisting of antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) light absorbing layers with titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a hole transport layer, exhibiting the capability for hydrogen evolution with broad range light absorption enabled by the low band gap value of ∼1.2 eV of Sb2Se3. Strong anisotropy is a significant characteristic property of Sb2Se3, allowing superior electrical transportation along the [hkl] crystallograph.c orientation, which is obtained via close space evaporation of presynthesized bulk material at a growth temperature of 250 °C, over the solution-processed TiO2 film on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. The superstrate-configured FTO/TiO2/Sb2Se3 ph.tocathode exhibited a ph.tocurrent density of 100 μA cm-2 at −0.3 V vs RHE in 0.5 M H2SO4 under 1 sun illumination. To further improve ph.tocurrent density, Pt as a cocatalyst was deposited over Sb2Se3 that led to enhanced ph.tocurrent to 3 mA cm-2 at −0.3 V vs RHE in 0.5 M H2SO4 under 1 sun illumination. despite the relatively lower ph.tocurrent observed, which resulted due to a large conduction band offset (ΔECB = 0.99 eV) of the TiO2/Sb2Se3 interface in a superstrate configuration, a significantly lower onset potential of −0.1 V vs RHE was observed. The results are encouraging due to the low band gap of Sb2Se3, ph.tocorrosion stability, and straightforward fabrication, which is expected to assist for significant outcomes. © 2024 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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