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development of a 13-item Short Form for Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity Scale Using a Machine Learning Approach

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Archives of physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2023年第8期104卷 1219-1226页

作者： Lin, Gong-Hong Wang, Inga Lee, Shih-Chieh Huang, Chien-Yu Wang, Yi-Ching Hsieh, Ching-Lin International Ph.D. Program in Gerontology and Long-Term Care College of Nursing Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Occupational Therapy School of Health Professions University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston Texas United States Department of Occupational Therapy College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan School of Occupational Therapy College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Long-Term Care MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Occupational Therapy College of Medical and Health Science Asia University Taichung Taiwan

Objective: To develop and validate a short form of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity Scale (FMA-UE) using a machine learning approach (FMA-UE-ML). In addition, scores of items not included in the FMA-UE-ML were predicted. design: Secondary data from a previous study, which assessed individuals post-stroke using the FMA-UE at 4 time points: 5-30 days post-stroke screen, 2-month post-stroke baseline assessment, 6-month post-stroke assessment, and 12-month post-stroke assessment. Setting: Rehabilitation units in hospitals. Participants: A total of 408 individuals post-stroke (N=408). Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: The 30-item FMA-UE. Results: We established 29 candidate versions of the FMA-UE-ML with different numbers of items, from 1 to 29, and examined their concurrent validity and responsiveness. We found that the responsiveness of the candidate versions obviously declined when the number of items was less than 13. Thus, the 13-item version was selected as the FMA-UE-ML. The concurrent validity was good (intra-class correlation coefficients ≥0.99). The standardized response means of the FMA-UE-ML and FMA-UE were 0.54-0.88 and 0.52-0.91, respectively. The Pearson's rs between the change scores of the FMA-UE-ML and those of the FMA-UE were 0.96-0.98. The predicted item scores had acceptable to good accuracy (Kappa=0.50-0.92). Conclusions: The FMA-UE-ML seems a promising short form to improve administrative efficiency while retaining good concurrent validity and responsiveness. In addition, the FAM-UE-ML can provide all item scores of the FMA-UE for users. © 2023 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine

关键词： Machine learning Motor skills Patient outcome assessment Rehabilitation Stroke Upper extremity

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divergent effect of landscape patterns on stream water chemistry and seasonal variations across mountainous watersheds in a Northwest Pacific island

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Ecological Indicators 2024年 158卷

作者： Chang, Chung-Te Lee, Li-Chin Song, Cheng-En Chiang, Jyh-Min Liao, Chien-Sen Liou, Ying-San Wang, Su-Fen Huang, Jr-Chuan – Ph.D. Program on Biodiversity Tunghai University Taichung407224 Taiwan Department of Life Science Tunghai University Taichung40799 Taiwan Department of Geography National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Geography National Changhua University of Education Changhua50074 Taiwan Department of Civil and Ecological Engineering I-Shou University Kaohsiung84001 Taiwan Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies National Dong-Hwa University Hualien97401 Taiwan

The impacts of landscape pattern on water quality of streams are intricate and influenced by spatiotemporal scales. Untangling the interactions between landscapes and water, and identifying the pivotal indicators that drive spatial and temporal changes in nutrient dynamics, are essential steps towards facilitating sustainable water resource management. This study explored the relationship between landscape patterns and annual and seasonal (wet and dry seasons) exports of major cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) and anions (Cl-, SO42-, NO3-N, and PO4-P) in 43 watersheds across subtropical mountainous regions of Taiwan during the 2015–2016 period. Multiple stepwise regression models were constructed to elucidate the crucial landscape variables influencing variations in stream ion exports across different time scales, and spatial extent, ranging from watershed to various riparian buffer widths (100, 200, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 m). The findings indicated that the buffer width of 200 m emerged as the optimal scale for illustrating the connections between landscape patterns and water chemistry, outperforming larger scales. Nevertheless, there were minor deviations in the optimal scale for Na+ and Cl- (ranging from 100 to 500 m). Landscape-level configuration metrics (Pd [patch density], CONTAG [Contagion], and IJI [Interspersion and Juxtaposition]) played a significant role in explaining the majority of data variations in cations. This suggest that overall landscape fragmentation tends to enhance cations exports, regardless of land cover types. On the contrary, class-level configuration metrics (EdBUd [edge density of buildup], PdBAR [patch density of bareland], and IJIAGR [Interspersion and Juxtaposition of agriculture]) played a primary role in interpreting data variations of anions. This indicated that the configurations of specific land cover types, such as buildup, agriculture and bareland, are the primary factors influencing anion exports. Furthermore, the regress

关键词： Negative ions

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Identification of potential source regions and long-range transport routes/channels of marine PM2.5 at remote sites in East Asia

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science of the Total Environment 2024年 915卷

作者： Yen, Po-Hsuan Yuan, Chung-Shin Soong, Ker-Yea Jeng, Ming-Shiou Cheng, Wen-Hsi Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Aerosol Science Research Center National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Institute of Marine Biology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica Nangang Taipei Taiwan Green Island Marine Research Station Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica Green Island Taitung Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology College of Maritime National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City Taiwan

Long-range transport (LRT) of air masses in East Asia and their impacts on marine PM2.5 were explored. Situated in the leeward region of East Asia, Taiwan Island marked by its elevated Central Mountain Range (CMR) separates air masses into two distinct air currents. This study aims to investigate the transport of PM2.5 from the north to the leeward region. Six transport routes (A-F) were identified and further classified them into three main channels (i.e. East, West, and South Channels) based on their transport routes and potential sources. Green Island (Site GR) and Hengchun Peninsula (Site HC) exhibited similarities in their transport routes, with Central China, North China, and Korean Peninsula being the major source regions of PM2.5, particularly during the Asian Northeastern Monsoons (ANMs). dongsha Island (Site dS) was influenced by both Central China and coastal regions of East China, indicating Asian continental outflow (ACO) as the major source of PM2.5. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis of PM2.5 resolved that soil dust, sea salts, biomass burning, ship emissions, and secondary aerosols were the major sources. Northerly Channels (i.e. East and West Channels) were primarily influenced by ship emissions and secondary aerosols, while South Channel was dominated by oceanic spray and soil dust. The results of W-PSCF and W-CWT analysis indicated that three remote sites experienced significant contributions from Central China in the highest PM2.5 concentration range (75–100%). In contrast, PM2.5 in the 0–25% and 25–50% ranges primarily originated from the open seas, with ship emissions being the prominent source. It suggested that northern regions with heavy industrialization and urbanization have impacts on high PM2.5 concentrations, while open seas are the main sources of low PM2.5 concentrations. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Factorization

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New phenanthrenoid dimer derivative and Anti-Inflammatory Constituents from Juncus effusus var. decipiens

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Chemistry of Natural Compounds 2024年第3期60卷 398-402页

作者： Chen, Li-Chai Huang, Chien-Ming Chu, Yi-Cheng Hsieh, Yu-Hui Cheng, Ming-Jen Hsiao, Jen-Wen Chen, Jih-Jung Department of Pharmacy Tajen University Pingtung 907 Taiwan Division of Pharmacy Cheng Hsin General Hospital Taipei 112 Taiwan Department of Pharmacy School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei 112 Taiwan Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program SchoolofLifeSciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei 112 Taiwan Department of Life Science Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei 242 Taiwan Department of Pharmacy Pingtung Christian Hospital Pingtung 900 Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung 404 Taiwan Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 110301 Taiwan

A new phenanthrenoid dimer, junceffusin (1), has been isolated from the inflorescences of Juncus effusus var. decipiens, together with eight known compounds, effususin C (2), quercetin (3), nobiletin (4), luteolin (5), luteolin-5,3′-dimethyl ether (6), luteolin 7-glucoside (7), eriodictyol (8), and 5,7,2′,5′-tetrahydroxyflavone (9). The structure of the new compound 1 was determined using spectroscopic and MS analyses. Among the isolates, quercetin (3), luteolin (5), luteolin 7-glucoside (7), eriodictyol (8), and 5,7,2′,5′-tetrahydroxyflavone (9) showed potent inhibition, with IC₅₀ values of 25.54 ± 2.24, 17.13 ± 1.36, 28.01 ± 2.88, 15.63 ± 1.15, and 27.44 ± 2.47 μM respectively, against lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide generation. © Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： anti-inflammatory activity inflorescences Juncaceae Juncus effusus var. decipiens phenanthrenoid dimer

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Amelioration of the brain structural connectivity is accompanied with changes of gut microbiota in a tuberous sclerosis complex mouse model

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Translational Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Hsieh, Christine Chin-jung Lo, Yu-Chun Wang, Hsin-Hui Shen, Hsin-Ying Chen, You-Yin Lee, Yi-Chao Biomedical Translation Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Neuroscience Research Center Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease that causes benign tumors and dysfunctions in many organs, including the brain. Aside from the brain malformations, many individuals with TSC exhibit neuropsychiatric symptoms. Among these symptoms, autism spectrum disorder (ASd) is one of the most common co-morbidities, affecting up to 60% of the population. Past neuroimaging studies strongly suggested that the impairments in brain connectivity contribute to ASd, whether or not TSC-related. Specifically, the tract-based diffusion tensor imaging (dTI) analysis provides information on the fiber integrity and has been used to study the neuropathological changes in the white matter of TSC patients with ASd symptoms. In our previous study, curcumin, a diet-derived mTOR inhibitor has been shown to effectively mitigate learning and memory deficits and anxiety-like behavior in Tsc2 ^+/− mice via inhibiting astroglial proliferation. Recently, gut microbiota, which is greatly influenced by the diet, has been considered to play an important role in regulating several components of the central nervous system, including glial functions. In this study, we showed that the abnormal social behavior in the Tsc2 ^+/− mice can be ameliorated by the dietary curcumin treatment. Second, using tract-based dTI analysis, we found that the Tsc2 ^+/− mice exhibited altered fractional anisotropy, axial and radial diffusivities of axonal bundles connecting the prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, hypothalamus, and amygdala, indicating a decreased brain network. Third, the dietary curcumin treatment improved the dTI metrics, in accordance with changes in the gut microbiota composition. At the bacterial phylum level, we showed that the abundances of Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Tenericutes were significantly correlated with the dTI metrics FA, Ad, and Rd, respectively. Finally, we revealed that the expression of myelin-associated proteins, myelin bassic p

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development of BACE2-IN-1/tranylcypromine-based compounds to induce steroidogenesis-dependent neuroprotection

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Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy 2025年 183卷 117851-117851页

作者： Banerjee, Suddhasatwa Hsu, Ying-Ting Nguyen, duc-Hieu Yeh, Shiu-Hwa Liou, Ke-Chi Liu, Jr-Jiun Liou, Jing-Ping Chuang, Jian-Ying School of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes Taipei 11031 Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County 35053 Taiwan TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei 110 Taiwan International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience Taipei Medical University New Taipei City 23564 Taiwan TMU Research Center of Neuroscience Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 80780 Taiwan

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes a significant burden on global healthcare systems, especially affecting younger populations, where it is a leading cause of disability and mortality. Current treatments for TBI mainly focus on preventing further brain damage and controlling symptoms. However, despite these approaches, several clinical needs remain unmet. Revelations from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) performed to determine cell-type heterogeneity and gene expression changes in brain tissue indicated that brain trauma increases the expression of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSd1) and secretase 2 (BACE2). To capitalize on this finding, a medicinal chemistry campaign was conducted to pragmatically insert tranylcypromine, an LSd1 inhibitor, into a carefully designed BACE2 inhibitory template (BACE2-IN-1). Additionally, tranylcypromine was structurally modified to enhance the effects of LSd1 inhibition in TBI. As a result, a tractable neuroprotective agent, BACE2-IN-1/tranylcypromine-based compound 4, was identified, showing potential to maintain Neuro-2a cell survival by alleviating mitochondrial damage after oxidative stress. Compound 4 also restored TBI-mediated inhibition of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway (mevalonate pathway) and damage of redox metabolism, increasing neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, behavioral assays, including nest-building and cognitive performance tests, demonstrated significant improvement in mice post-TBI following treatment with compound 4. Taken together, the outcomes of this study validate the favorable effects of inhibiting LSd1 and beta-secretase in mitigating mitochondrial stress and promoting neurometabolic recovery in TBI. These findings pave the way for the development of rationally designed inhibitors as promising neuroprotective agents, potentially addressing unmet clinical needs in TBI treatment. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Beta-secretase LSd1 Oxidative stress Sterol biosynthesis Tranylcypromine Traumatic brain injury

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Autonomous Vehicles for All?

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ACM Journal on Autonomous Transportation Systems 2024年第1期1卷 1-8页

作者： Sakib Mahmud Khan M Sabbir Salek Vareva Harris Gurcan Comert Eric A. Morris Mashrur Chowdhury Intelligent Transportation Systems Lead MITRE Corporation McLean VA Ph.D. Candidate Glenn Department of Civil Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC Vice President for Corporate Engagement O Analytics Incorporated Fairmont WV Associate Professor Computer Science Physics and Engineering Department Benedict College Columbia SC USA Professor Nieri Department of Construction Development and Planning Clemson University Clemson SC USA Professor Glenn Department of Civil Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA

The traditional build-and-expand approach is not a viable solution to keep roadway traffic rolling safely, so technological solutions, such as autonomous vehicles (AVs), are favored. AVs have considerable potential to increase the carrying capacity of roads, ameliorate the chore of driving, improve safety, provide mobility for those who cannot drive, and help the environment. However, they also raise concerns over whether they are socially responsible, taking into account issues such as fairness, equity, and transparency. Regulatory bodies have focused on AV safety, cybersecurity, privacy, and legal liability issues, but have failed to adequately address social responsibility. Thus, existing AV developers do not have to embed social responsibility factors in their proprietary technology. Adverse bias may therefore occur in the development and deployment of AV technology. For instance, an artificial intelligence-based pedestrian detection application used in an AV may, in limited lighting conditions, be biased to detect pedestrians who belong to a particular racial demographic more efficiently compared to pedestrians from other racial demographics. Also, AV technologies tend to be costly, with a unique hardware and software setup which may be beyond the reach of lower-income people. In addition, data generated by AVs about their users may be misused by third parties such as corporations, criminals, or even foreign governments. AVs promise to dramatically impact labor markets, as many jobs that involve driving will be made redundant. We argue that the academic institutions, industry firms, and government agencies overseeing AV development and deployment must act proactively to ensure that AVs serve all and do not increase the digital divide in our society.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles Social responsibility Fairness Equity Transparency

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The COVId-19 pandemic has impeded cytopathology practices and hindered cancer screening and management

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Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology 2023年第5期34卷 406-416页

作者： Cheng-Yi Huang Chien-Chin Chen Department of Pathology Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan. Department of Pathology Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital Chiayi Taiwan. Department of Cosmetic Science Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Tainan Taiwan. Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan. Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan.

The COVId-19 pandemic has had a global impact on the environment and economy and has affected hospital administration and patient behaviour. Since human-to-human coronavirus transmission occurs via droplets and physical contact, health care professionals are particularly vulnerable to contracting COVId-19. Many cytopathology laboratories updated their workflow, established new standard biosafety protocols, and built digital pathology or telescope platforms to mitigate these risks and deal with the shortage of health care personnel. The COVId-19 pandemic also disrupted medical education-all indoor training events, including conferences, multidisciplinary tumour boards, seminars, and microscope inspections were postponed. As a result, many laboratories now use new web-based applications and platforms to maintain educational programs and multidisciplinary tumour boards. To comply with government directives, health care facilities postponed non-emergency surgeries, reduced the number of routine medical examinations, restricted visitor numbers, and scaled back cancer screening activities, resulting in a sharp decline in cytopathology diagnoses, cancer screening specimens, and molecular testing for cancer. Subsequent misses or delays in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer were not uncommon. This review aims to provide comprehensive summaries of the consequences of the COVId-19 pandemic for cytopathology, particularly in terms of cancer diagnosis, workload, human resources, and molecular testing.

关键词： COVId-19 ROSE cancer coronavirus cytology cytopathology screening workload

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Intrinsic synaptic plasticity of ferroelectric field effect transistors for online learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Saha, Arnob Nafiul Islam, A.N.M. Zhao, Zijian deng, Shan Ni, Kai Sengupta, Abhronil School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Microsystems Engineering Ph.D. program Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY14623 United States

Nanoelectronic devices emulating neuro-synaptic functionalities through their intrinsic physics at low operating energies is imperative toward the realization of brain-like neuromorphic computers. In this work, we leverage the non-linear voltage dependent partial polarization switching of a ferroelectric field effect transistor to mimic plasticity characteristics of biological synapses. We provide experimental measurements of the synaptic characteristics for a 28nm high-k metal gate technology based device and develop an experimentally calibrated device model for large-scale system performance prediction. decoupled read-write paths, ultra-low programming energies and the possibility of arranging such devices in a cross-point architecture demonstrate the synaptic efficacy of the device. Our hardware-algorithm co-design analysis reveals that the intrinsic plasticity of the ferroelectric devices has potential to enable unsupervised local learning in edge devices with limited training data. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： E-learning

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Problem structures in the theory and practice of superiorization

Journal of Applied and Numerical Optimization

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Journal of Applied and Numerical Optimization 2020年第1期2卷 71-76页

作者： Herman, Gabor T. Computer Science Ph.D. Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States

The purpose of this short paper is to identify the mathematical essence of the superiorization methodology. This methodology has been developed in recent years while attempting to solve specific application-oriented problems. Consequently, superiorization is often presented using the terminology of such problems. A more general approach is provided here by discussing ideas related to superiorization in terms of an abstract mathematical concept, referred to as a problem structure. © 2020 Journal of Applied and Numerical Optimization.

关键词： Optimization

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