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From the Field: Integrating Land Conservation Planning in the Classroom

Wildlife Society Bulletin 2010年第1期34卷

作者： ROEL R. LOPEZ K. BRIAN HAYS MATT W. WAGNER SHAWN L. LOCKE ROBERT A. McCLEERY NOVA J. SILVY Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Roel R. Lopezis an Assistant Professor with the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at Texas A&M University. His previous employment was with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Key Deer Refuge. He received his B.S. in Forestry from Stephen F. Austin State University and his M.S. and Ph.D. from Texas A&M University. His research interests are in urban wildlife ecology deer ecology wildlife population dynamics and habitat management. Texas Cooperative Extension Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA K. Brian Haysis an Extension Program Specialist with the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at Texas A&M University. He received his B.S. and M.S. in Rangeland Ecology and Management from Texas A&M University. His program focus in on wildlife habitat restoration. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department College Station TX 77843 USA Matt Wagneris a Technical Guidance Biologist for the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department where he has served for the past 17 years. He administers over 180 Wildlife Management Plans for private landowners on approximately 440000 acres. Matt has a B.S. in Range Science from Texas A&M University an M.S. from Montana State University and is completing a Ph.D. in Urban and Regional Science from Texas A&M. His interests include habitat management ecological economics and natural resource policy affecting private lands. Matt is a Certified Wildlife Biologist and a Certified Professional in Rangeland Management. Shawn L. Lockeis a doctoral candidate at Texas A&M University in the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences. He received his B.S. in Forestry from Stephen F. Austin State University and his M.S. from Sul Ross State University in range and wildlife management. His research interests include ungulate ecology and upland game bird management. Robert A McCleeryis a Ph.D. candidate at Texas A&M Un

Opportunities for wildlife undergraduates to engage in land conservation planning can bridge the gap between formal academic training and professional wildlife experiences. Land conservation plans are an important component in managing wildlife habitat. In 1995 state legislation offered Texas landowners the opportunity to remain under agricultural valuation (Texas House Bill 1358, Proposition 11, 1-d-1) by designating wildlife management activities as qualifying agricultural practices. To obtain a wildlife management tax valuation, a landowner must have an active, written wildlife management plan. Texas Parks and Wildlife department (TPWd) biologists often provide technical guidance to landowners in this process. Allowing wildlife undergraduates to have an active role in this process offers a unique opportunity for them to gain practical “hands-on: experiences while improving their writing skills. Students enrolled in Wildlife Habitat Management and Conservation (WFSC 406) work in groups (3–4 students) to develop a management plan for 3 local landowners. In addition to writing an actual management plan, students gain experience in land surveying, vegetation sampling, GIS/GPS technology, and public speaking. Landowners receive 3 peer-reviewed management plans they can select from to implement on their property. Students assist TPWd biologists and Texas Cooperative Extension staff in providing technical guidance to local landowners. Wildlife education can be enhanced by integrating land conservation planning in the classroom via partnerships with natural resource agencies and landowners.

关键词： conservation planning education experiential learning management plans students wildlife careers wildlife education writing

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In My Opinion: Adaptive Management Experiments in Vertebrate Pest Control in New Zealand and Australia

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Wildlife Society Bulletin 2010年第1期34卷

作者： JOHN P. PARKES ALAN ROBLEY dAVId M. FORSYTH dAVId CHOQUENOT Landcare Research Lincoln 8152 New Zealand John Parkes(left) is a science program leader with Landcare Research (a government research agency in New Zealand). He received an MSc degree in zoology from Massey University New Zealand in 1972. He has conducted research projects on many of New Zealand's 31 species of introduced mammals that are managed as pests including feral goats red deer and wapiti feral pigs rodents mustelids hedgehogs and lagomorphs. He has a longstanding interest in eradication of introduced species from islands around New Zealand and in the Pacific Ocean including Lord Howe Niue and the Galapagos Islands particularly in developing feasibility plans and recently in using detection and search theories to monitor for survivors or immigrants after control. He has developed national pest management strategies for pest mammal species in New Zealand and Australia. In recent years he led the New Zealand research on the use of rabbit haemorrhagic disease as a biocontrol of rabbits and published on the benefits and costs of commercial harvesting of pest animals as a control method. He has published about 50 science papers 6 book chapters 1 book (on feral goats in Australia) and over 100 reports to science and management agencies. Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Department of Sustainability and Environment Heidelberg Victoria 3084 Australia Alan Robleygained his Ph.D. studying the interactions between European rabbits and burrowing bettongs in Western Australia. He is a senior scientist at the Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Melbourne Australia specializing in quantitative vertebrate ecology with an emphasis on pest management. Alan has research interests in the interaction between feral rabbits and endangered native mammals the impact of fox predation on native species the application of adaptive management programs in biological conservation and the spatial dynamics of wild dogs in Australia. David (Dave) Forsythreceived his Ph.D. from Lincoln

Government conservation agencies in New Zealand and the Australian state of Victoria spend 20% and 4%, respectively, of their annual budgets to manage a small part of the problem caused by introduced mammals. Managers' uncertainty about the optimal strategies for applying pest control has led to major differences in management practices within the single pest control programs in both countries. Monitoring under a trial-and-error approach has not removed uncertainty but has led managers to support the application of adaptive management for their pest control. Control of brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) in New Zealand and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Victoria, Australia, is conducted over large areas in many operations, but individual managers apply different control regimes based on the perceived benefits and opportunity costs. We report on the processes used to set up the first adaptive management experiments in pest control in New Zealand or Australia that combine the competing models approach (used when only a single management regime can be applied at one time) with an experimental approach (made possible when different management regimes are applied simultaneously in different places) with the aim of elucidating benefits and costs of the different strategies used to control the 2 pests. (WILdLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN 34(1):229–236; 2006)

关键词： adaptive management Australia brushtail possums red fox New Zealand pest control Trichosurus vulpecula Vulpes vulpes

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From the Field: Understanding and Improving Attitudinal Research in Wildlife sciences

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Wildlife Society Bulletin 2010年第2期34卷

作者： ROBERT A. McCLEERY ROBERT B. dITTON JANE SELL ROEL R. LOPEZ Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Robert (Bob) McCleery(photo) is a Ph.D. candidate at Texas A&M University where he received his M.S. He spent 3 years as an ecologist in Swaziland with the U.S. Peace Corps after receiving his B.S. from Cornell University. His current research interests include small mammals human dimensions of wildlife urban wildlife and endangered species. Robert (Bob) Dittonis a professor in the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at Texas A&M University. He teaches a graduate-level course in the Human Dimensions of Wildlife and Fisheries. He also directs a graduate-level social science research program with funding support from federal and state natural resources management agencies environmental NGOs. He has served in numerous editorial positions in his field and is the author of over 200 research articles dealing with the human dimensions of natural resources. Over the past 30 years he has completed human dimensions research in local state federal and international fisheries jurisdictions. Department of Sociology Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Jane Sellis a professor of sociology at Texas A&M University. She specializes in social psychology and her research interests focus on stereotyping labeling and issues related to social dilemmas. Roel R. Lopezis an Assistant Professor with the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at Texas A&M University. His previous employment was with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Key Deer Refuge. He received his B.S. in Forestry from Stephen F. Austin State University and his M.S. and Ph.D. from Texas A&M University. His research interests are in urban wildlife ecology deer ecology wildlife population dynamics and habitat management.

Human dimension research published regarding public attitudes about wildlife or natural resource management often reflects an inadequate understanding on the part of the authors regarding attitudes, their social psychological frameworks, and their relationship to behaviors. In this paper we define attitudes, examine their relationship to behaviors, and examine some theoretical frameworks for attitudes. Additionally, we examine some shortcomings we believe are common in wildlife attitudinal research and make suggestions to improve the quality and consistency of the work.

关键词： attitudes human dimensions wildlife

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Approach of Train Group Operation Conflict Prevention Reasoning Based on Fuzzy Time Petri Nets

Approach of Train Group Operation Conflict Prevention Reason...

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International Conference on Networked Computing and Advanced Information Management (NCM)

作者： Guoqian Cai Shimin Zhao Limin Jia Yangdong Ye Xi Li Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing Beijing CN Master Shang Hai Metro Corporation Ph.D. State Key Laboratory of Rail TrafficControl and Safety Beijing JiaotongUniversity Ph.D. Department of Computer Science ZhengzhouUniversity Zhengzhou Henan Ph.D. Student State Key Laboratory of RailTraffic Control and Safety Beijing JiaotongUniversity

Avoiding conflicting between large numbers of trains is a key problem to train scheduling services in busy rail network. Verifying train group operation conflict within and between multi-station satisfying time constraints is the basis of the construction and coordination on train schedules and plans. While, for many rail networks, the conflicts of proposed train times, lines, and platforms are checked and resolved difficultly. This paper proposes an approach to construct a sprouting graph of train traffic control system based on fuzzy time Petri nets considering safety conditions called STPNS. The sprouting graph is used to check the consistency of temporal knowledge and perform safety reasoning. The temporal knowledge reasoning method efficiently describes time constraint and safety events happening simultaneously. Applications show the approach has good structure properties and good means in safety analysis model analysis and validation.

关键词： Cognition Safety Petri nets Rails Time factors Traffic control Laboratories

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Flawed model has serious conservation implications: Response to Turner et al.

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Wildlife Society Bulletin 2010年第4期33卷

作者： Stacey d. Ostermann-Kelm Esther S. Rubin Jeremiah d. Groom James R. deForge Guy Wagner Pete Sorensen Steven G. Torres Mark C. Jorgensen Aimee J. Byard Oliver Ryder Stacey Ostermann-Kelmis a doctoral student in conservation ecology at the University of California Davis. She received a bachelor's degree in zoology from the University of California Davis and a master's degree in wildlife science from Oregon State University. She has been actively involved in bighorn sheep research since 1991 and is a member of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service's (USFWS) Recovery Team for Peninsular bighorn sheep. Her current interests include conservation genetics and quantification of human-induced impacts to wildlife populations. Conservation and Research for Endangered Species Zoological Society of San Diego 15600 San Pasqua Valley Road Escondido CA 92027-7000 USA. United States Fish and Wildlife Service Carlsbad Fish and Wildlife Office 6010 Hidden Valley Road Carlsbad CA 92009 USA. Bighorn Institute P.O. Box 262 Palm Desert CA 92261-0262 USA. United States Fish and Wildlife Service Imperial National Wildlife Refuge P.O. Box 72217 Yuma AZ 85365 USA. California Department of Fish and Game Resource Assessment Program 1416 Ninth Street Room 1342-C Sacramento CA 95814 USA. Anza-Borrego Desert State Park 200 Palm Canyon Drive Borrego Springs CA 92004 USA. Esther Rubinis currently working as a postdoctoral researcher at the Zoological Society of San Diego. She has a Bachelor of Science degree in zoology and a Ph.D. in ecology both from the University of California Davis. She has conducted research on bighorn sheep in the Peninsular Ranges of southern California for 10 years and is an active member of the USFWS Recovery Team for this population. Steve Torresis currently a staff environmental scientist with the California Department of Fish and Game's Resource Assessment Program. He has Master of Science degrees in both wildlife ecology (University of Arizona) and biostatistics (UCLA). Steve has been studying large mammals since 1981. From 1992–2002 he was the state's lead for bighorn sheep and mountain lion management. During this time Steve initiated nu

Turner et al. (2004) developed a habitat selection model for a population of desert bighorn sheep ( Ovis canadensis ) in the Peninsular Ranges of southern California that is listed as a threatened and endangered population by the state of California and the federal government, respectively. We are concerned that the recent publication of an article by Turner et al. (2004) could be detrimental to the management and recovery of bighorn sheep in the Peninsular Ranges because it lends credibility to a flawed analysis of bighorn sheep habitatuse patterns. The model attempts to extrapolate conclusions from a limited subset of bighorn sheep data that is not representative of the study area and was not gathered in a manner conducive to the analysis methods used by the authors. The authors classified habitat pixels as “active” or “inactive” based on the presence-absence of bighorn sheep observations without considering monitoring intensity. Turner et al. (2004) also failed to consider the implications of basing their model almost entirely on a bighorn sheep subpopulation known to have atypical habitat selection patterns. This subpopulation in the northwestern Santa Rosa Mountains frequently used food and water sources within hillside urban areas. Because the Turner et al. (2004) model was developed using data primarily from this atypical subpopulation, the model has low external validity and is unlikely to accurately predict habitat selection by other bighorn sheep subpopulations in the Peninsular Ranges. Furthermore, with the NW sub-population used in model development now excluded from urban areas, the Turner et al. (2004) model is unlikely to accurately predict habitat selection patterns of even this sub-population. We suggest the Turner et al. (2004) model is at best only applicable to this subpopulation between the years 1994–1998.

关键词： bighorn sheep habitat modeling habitat selection mountain sheep Ovis canadensis Peninsular bighorn sheep Peninsular Ranges urbanization

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Survey of ethnic live seafood market operators in the Northeastern USA

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Aquaculture Economics and Management 2009年第3期13卷 222-234页

作者： Myers, Joseph J. Govindasamy, Ramu Ewart, John W. Liu, Bin You, Yumin Puduri, Venkata S. Aquaculture Development Specialist Office of Aquaculture Coordination New Jersey Department of Agriculture Trenton NJ United States Associate Professor Department of Agricultural Food and Resource Economics Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ United States Aquaculture Specialist Delaware Aquaculture Resource Center University of Delaware Sea Grant Marine Advisory Service Lewes DE United States MAFCO Worldwide Corporation Camden NJ Third St and Jefferson Ave United States Ph.D. Student Department of Food Science Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ United States Postdoctoral Researcher Department of Agricultural Food and Resource Economics Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ United States Coordinator Fish and Seafood Program New Jersey Department of Agriculture (retd.) United States

From February through August of 2006, a team of two researchers visited 130 ethnic live seafood markets in the northeastern USA that sell live seafood. Operators of 27% of these locations completed a survey asking basic information about their businesses with respect to live seafood. This study provides interesting baseline information on these markets directly from market managers and operators. The markets surveyed have been in business for median of nine years. Sixty-three percent receive more than one live fish shipment per week. Fifty-five percent of markets sell over 227 kg of live seafood per month. Asians are the predominant clientele in most of these locations. Most market operators stated they prefer freshness and quality over price and availability. About the same number of markets identified strong sales during the winter months as those that indicated constant live seafood sales. Live tilapia and hybrid striped bass are the two most common products. Sixty-two percent of market operators view the live seafood section as very important to overall sales in their store and roughly one-quarter of those surveyed are considering expansion. © 2009 IAAEM.

关键词： Asian Ethnic market Live seafood Market manager Retail survey Tilapia

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Additive preconditioning in matrix computations

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PAMM 2008年第1期7卷

作者： V. Y. Pan B. Murphy R.E. Rosholt d. Ivolgin G. Qian I. Taj-Eddin Y. Tang X. Yan Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Lehman College of the City University of New York Bronx NY 10468 USA Ph.D. Program in Computer Science The City University of New York New York NY 10016 USA

We combine our novel SVd-free additive preconditioning with aggregation and other relevant techniques to facilitate the solution of a linear system of equations and other fundamental matrix computations. Our analysis and experiments show the power of our algorithms, guide us in selecting most effective policies of preconditioning and aggregation, and provide some new insights into these and related subjects. Compared to the popular SVd-based multiplicative preconditioners, our additive preconditioners are generated more readily and for a much larger class of matrices. Furthermore, they better preserve matrix structure and sparseness and have a wider range of applications (e.g., they facilitate the solution of a consistent singular linear system of equations and of the eigen-problem). (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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American Pop Culture Invades Germany: Some Love It—Some don't

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The Journal of American Culture 2008年第3‐4期24卷

作者： Arnold Schuetz Native of Germany studied History at the Universities of Frankfurt Tulane (MA 1967) and Wisconsin (Ph.D. 1971). He taught at Virginia Commonwealth University and is currently director of the International Studies Program at Virginia Tech with adjunct appointments in the Departments of History and Political Science.

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Null space and eigenspace computations with additive preprocessing

Null space and eigenspace computations with additive preproc...

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SNC'07 - 2007 International Workshop on Symbolic-Numeric Computation

作者： Pan, Victor Y. Yan, Xiaodong Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Lehman College City University of New York Bronx NY 10468 United States Ph.D. Program in Computer Science City University of New York New York NY 10036 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1595937447

We propose and analyze additive preprocessing for computing a vector in the null space of a matrix and a basis for this space. due to our preprocessing, instead of singular linear systems we solve nonsingular ones, which preserve the conditioning properties and the structure of the input matrices. We extend our preprocessing to decrease the size and the condition number of an ill conditioned input matrix. We also cover applications to the eigenspace computations and to generating effective preconditioners for a linear system of equations. Copyright 2007 ACM.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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Real root-finding

Real root-finding

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SNC'07 - 2007 International Workshop on Symbolic-Numeric Computation

作者： Pan, Victor Y. Murphy, Brian Rosholt, Rhys Eric Qian, Guoliang Tang, Yuqing Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Lehman College City University of New York Bronx NY 10468 United States Ph.D. Program in Computer Science City University of New York New York NY 10036 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1595937447

In this paper we seek all real roots of a polynomial with real coefficients and real and nonreal roots. Somewhat paradoxically, one of the most effective solutions is by approximating these real roots semi-numerically together with all nonreal roots. Alternative methods are symbolic, based on descartes' rule of signs (which can be combined with the continued fraction approximation algorithm) or the Sturm (or Sturm-Habicht) sequences. We combine various old and new techniques to devise semi-numerical algorithms that are effective where the real roots do not lie near the nonreal ones. Copyright 2007 ACM.

关键词： Polynomials

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