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design decision support system for the engineering/re-engineering of complex naval systems

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第4期109卷 23-33页

作者： Graham, JH Ragade, RK Shea, J James H. Graham:is the Henry Vogt Professor of computer science and engineering at the University of Louisville. Previous professional employment includes positions at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and General Motors Corporation. He received his master's and doctoral degrees at Purdue University and his bachelor's degree at Rose-Hulman Institute of Ethnology. His research interests include artificial intelligence robotics and paraliel computing. Rammohan K. Ragade:is professor of engineering mathematics and computer science at the University of Louisville. He received his Ph.D. from the Indian Institute of Technology at Kampur in 1968. He has been a faculty member at the University of Waterloo and held an engineering position with Bell Northern Research. His research interests include human-computer interaction decision support systems object-oriented simulation and modeling distributed database systems and fuzzy logic. John G. Shea Jr.:served until 1995 as a project manager in the Phalanx Engineering Section of Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division Louisville Station. He received his bachelor's and master's degrees from the Speed Scientific School at the University of Louisville. He was a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers.

Hybrid simulation includes both functional computer software models and actual hardware subsystems operating as an integrated whole. A ''hot test bed'' or a ''hybrid simulator-emulator'' enables design engineers to evaluate conceptual models in a more realistic real-lime context, but places increased cognitive demands on the designer. This paper describes an architecture, and results from a prototype implementation, for a design decision support system to allow a designer to make more productive and cost effective use of a test bed system.

关键词： decision support systems

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computer-aided design of magnetostrictive devices using Terfenol-d

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EUROPEAN TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL POWER 1997年第5期7卷 351-359页

作者： Benbouzid, MEH Spornic, SA Body, C Dr. Mohamed El Hachemi Benbouzid (1968) SEE received the B.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering in 1990 from the Electrical Engineering Institute of Batna University Algeria the MSc. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering in 1991 from the National Polytechnic Instituteof Grenoble France and the Ph.D. degree also in Electrical and Computer Engineering in 1994 from the National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble. After graduation he joined the University of Picardie-Jules Verne France where he is Associate Professor at the Professional Institute of Amiens. His currentresearch interests include electric machines anddrives computational of electromagnetics and electromechanical actuation as well as technics for energy savings. He is actually leading a research program on the monitoring and the diagnostics of induction machine drives for the French Picardie Region. He is active in the IEEE Power Engineering Society and is the treasurer of the French Chapter of the IEEE Power Electronics Society. (Laboratoire des Systkmes Automatique Universitk de Picardie-Jules Verne 7. Rue du Moulin Neuf. F-80000 Amiens France Phone: + 33 22 827680 Fax: + 33 22 82 76 82 Sorin Aurel Spornic (1969) received the BSc. degree in Electrical Engineering in 1993 from “Politehnica” University of Bucharest Romania and the M.Sc. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering. in 1994 from the National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble France. In 1995 he joint the Electrotechnic Laboratory of Grenoble (L.E.G.) where he is research assistant working towards a PhD. on magnetic materials. (Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique de Grenoble B.P. 46 F-38402 Saint Martin d'Hèkres. France Phone: +3376 82 62 99 Fax: +3376 82 63 00 Christophe Body (1971) received the B.Sc. degree in Electronics in 1993 and the M.Sc. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering. in 1994 from the National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble France. In 1994 he joined the Electrotechnic Laboratory of Grenoble (L.E.G.). He received the Ph

This paper describes a model for the non-linear magnetomechanical coupling in new highly magnetostrictive materials. This model is devoted to the computer-Aided design of magnetostrictive devices. It is based on an iterative process of successive magnetic and mechanical computations by a the Finite Element Method. Magnetic and mechanical quantities are still coupled by the iterative process. As a matter of fact, the use of experimental data though the Surface Spline Method allows the introduction of the magnetomechanical coupling. The experimental data are collected from a specially designed sample holder devoted to the static characterization of Terfenol-d rods. Comparisons between numerical outputs from the model and the experimental data reveal that the model is quite powerful to describe the magnetomechanical coupling in highly magnetostrictive materials as Terfonal-d. Otherwise, the proposed model has been extended to take into account the magnetostrictive effect in microsystems using highly magnetostrictive thin films. Numerical computations provide in this case coherent results and show that it is able to describe the global behaviour of highly magnetostrictive microsystems.

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Hydroelastic considerations in ship panel design

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 61-66页

作者： McCormick, ME Bhattacharyya, R Mouring, SE Dr. Michael E. McCormick:is a research professor of civil engineering at The Johns Hopkins University. Before joining the Hopkins faculty in 1994 he was a professor of ocean engineering for twenty-five years at the U.S. Naval Academy. In addition he has held full-time faculty positions at Swarthmore College Trinity College (Hartford) and the Catholic University of America. He was also a hydrodynamicist at the David Taylor Model Basin for more than four years. Prof. McCormick received his undergraduate degree in mathematics and physics from AmericanUniversity a masters degree in applied mechanics and a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Catholic University a Ph.D. in civil engineering and a Sc.D. in engineering science from Trinity College in Dublin Ireland. He has over 100 publications including two books in the areas of ocean engineering wave mechanics and ocean wave energy conversion. He has also edited two books dealing with ocean engineering. In addition he is co-editor of both the journal Ocean Engineering and the Elsevier book series in ocean engineering. Dr. Rameswar Bhattacharyya:is professor of naval architecture at the U.S. Naval Academy where he has served for twenty-six years and adjunct professor of mechanical engineering at The Johns Hopkins University. Prior to joining the Naval Academy faculty he was a faculty member in the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at the University of Michigan. His research experience includes ten years at both the Lubecker Flender-Werke and the Hamburg Ship Model Basin in Germany. His research has led to numerous publications including two books one in the area of ship dynamics and the other in the area of computer-aided ship design. Prof. Bhattacharyya received his undergraduate degree in naval architecture from the Indian Institute of Technology and his doctorate in engineering from the Technical University of Hanover Germany. In addition he holds an honorary doctorate from the University of Veracruz. With Prof. McCormick he co

Panels and all other structural components of surface ships and submarines vibrate when the vessel is underway. The vibratory motions are primarily excited by the power plant. At operational (design) speeds, panels vibrate in their fundamental modes and those associated with their higher harmonic frequencies. The panel motions have rather well-defined energy spectra, which depend on both the structural design, position of the panel and the rotational speed of the single or multiple power plants. The panel motions will interact with the vortices in the adjacent turbulent boundary layer. The interaction can result in either an increase in the frictional drag or a decrease. Because of this, the argument is made that the designs of the panels and their support systems should include considerations of this hydroelastic effect.

关键词： Naval architecture

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Application of artificial neural networks to historical data analysis for short-term electric load forecasting

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EUROPEAN TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL POWER 1997年第1期7卷 49-56页

作者： Caciotta, M Lamedica, R Cencelli, VO Prudenzi, A Sforna, M Maurizio Caciotta (1945) has been Associate Professor of Electrotechnical Elements at Calabria University Italy. since 1978. Then hejoincd the University of Rome “La Sapienza” Italy. where he has been Associate Professor of Electrical Measurements since 1985. Since I99 1 he has been Associate Professor at the Third University of Rome. His main interests= in the field ofparallel computing and of neural network applications to information processing and data analysis. (Dept. of Electronic Engineering Terza Universitl di Roma. Via C. Segre 2. 1-00146 Romdltaly Tel +396/5599 779. Fax +396/5561373) Regina Lamedica (1952) received the doctor degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Bologna. Italy. in 1976. She has joined the University of Rome “La Sapienza” where she has been Assistant Professor in Electric Power Systems since 1978 and Associate Professor in Electric Power Systems for Tnnsponation since 1987. Her main interests are in computer applications to Electrified Transportation Systems and to Power Systems analysis. She is a member of ClFI (Italian Railway Engineers Association) and of AEI (Italian Electrical Association). (Dept. of Electrical Engineering. University of Rome “La Sapienza” Via Eudossiana 18 1-00184 Romdltaly. Tel +396/44585808 Fax + 39614 88 32 35) Valentino Orsolini Cencelli (1963) received the degree in Electronic Engineering from the University of Rome “LaSapienza”. Since 1992hejoined the Third University of Rome where he is a Ph.D. student. His main interest are in parallel computing and in neunl networks applications to Measurement Science. (Dept. of Electronic En ' oineerinp. Terza Universiti di Roma Via C. Segre2 I-00146Roma/ltaly Tel+396/5599779 Fax++396/5561 373) Alberto Prudenzi (1961) received the degree and the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Rome “La Sapienza” respectively in I987 and 1993. In I988 he joined Dept. of Electrical Engineering of the University of Rome where since 1992 he has been Assistant Professor in Electrica

The paper illustrates two different Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) architectures for electric Short-Term Load Forecasting (STLF). Two multi-layer perceptron ANN using the back-propagation learning algorithm have been implemented which provide different, although complementary, forecasting approaches (static and dynamic). In order to test the potentialities of the architectures implemented, the ANN have been applied to the Short-Term Forecasting of Italian hourly electric load. The importance of this load (peak demands up to about 38 000 MW) requires tools for STLF which must be as more accurate and precise as possible. This fact has imposed the adoption of some algorithmic enhancements to the basic back-propagation algorithm formulation. Since an adequate formulation of the influence exerted on hourly electric load by the main meteorological and climatic factors is nor known at present, the data set used for ANN training phase has concerned only historical series of electric hourly demand. The paper illustrates the two ANN architectures as well as the computational platforms used for implementation, Finally, some results obtained from the application of the two ANN to the short-term forecasting of Italian electric load relevant to three different weeks of the year 1993 are comparatively reported.

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Reliability analysis of transverse stability of surface ships

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 129-140页

作者： Atua, K Ayyub, BM Khaled l. Atua:is a graduate student at the Reliability Engi-neering Program at the University of Maryland at College Park. He completed his B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1988 and completed his M.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1992 at Alexandtia University. He is also a visiting scholar in the Civil Engineering Department at the University ofMaryland at Colkge Park. He is conducting research with Dc Bilal M. Ayyub in the area of develupment of reliability-based design of ship structures and systems. He is a member ofASNE and SNAME. He has authored or coauthored several papers and reports. Bilal M. Ayyub: Ph.D. RE. is aprofssor of civil engineer-ing at the University of Maryland at College Park. He is also a researcher and consultant in the areas of structural engineering inspection methods and practices reliability and risk analysis. Dc Ayyub completed his B.S. degree in civil engineering in 1980 and completed both his M.S. (1981) and Ph.D. (1983) degrees in civil engineering at the Georgia Institute of Echnol-OD. Dc Ayyub has an extensive background in uncertainty modeling and analysis risk-based analysis and design simula-ion and marine structural reliability. He is engaged in research work involving structural reliability marine structures uncer-tainty modeling and analysis and mathematical modeling using the theories of probability statistics and fuzzy sets. He has completed several research projects that were funded by the National Science Foundation the U S. Coast Guard the U.S. Navy the U.S. Department of Defense the U.S. Army crops of Engineers the Maryland State Highway Administration the American Society ofMechanica1 Engineers and several engi-neering companies. Dc Ayyub served the engineering communio in various capacities through societies that include ASNE ASCE ASME SNAME IEEE-CS and NMIPS. He is a member ofthe ASME Research Committee of Risk Ethnology and the ASME Committee on Human Factors. Currently he is the chai

An introduction to a rational development of transverse stability criteria for surface ships is presented in this paper. The development is based on a probabilistic analysis of the uncertainties associated with the design parameters involved in determining the transverse stability. Reliability methods are used for assessing and determining transverse stability of ships. These reliability methods address the uncertainties associated with the basic design variables that are involved in stability assessment and design. The sources of uncertainty in stability variables are presented, uncertainties associated with these basic random variables are summarized, different reliability assessment methods are described, a case study that shows the computation procedure using some of these methods is discussed for illustration purposes, and finally, conclusions and recommendations for further work in this area are presented.

关键词： Naval vessels

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Operational systems, logistics engineering and technology insertion

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 205-220页

作者： Grubb, MJ Skolnick, A Michael J. Grubb:has perfomzed naval engineering at the Crane Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) for more than twenty-five years. He currently the program manager for the Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practice Program (SHARP). is a Navy-wide logistics research and development prgram aimed at the successful transiton of proved technologies inot the fleet. SHARP focuses on reducing acquisition performance capability reliability maintainability and readiness of these systems. Mr. Grubb has served as a department director for the past eleven years. His most recent assignment was as director of the Tactical Computer Resources and Test Equipment Department. This organization provided acquisition and in-service engineering support of the Navy's tectical embedded computers priphirals displays and mass memory storage devices. The organization also provided a complete range of product engineering and metrology engineerig services for SSP NevSeaSysCom and the Trident Program. Prior to this appointment Mr. Grubb was deptuy director psysical security programs department and site responsible for program management and system integration of ashore integrated security systems. Mr. Grubb holds a B.S. degree in industrial engineering from Iowa State Universtiy an M.S. degree in industrial engineering from Purdue University and has copleted the course work (Dec.'96 for a master's degree in public and environment affairs at Indiana University-Purdue Univeristy Indianapolis. Dr. Alfred Skolnick operates System Science Consultants (SSC) specilizing in strategic planning technical program definiton technology assessment and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. He has taught physics mathematics and management sciences at University of Virginia and Marymount University and is currently adjunct professor of mathematics at Northern Virginia Community College. Form 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Noval Engineers. Dr. Skolnick served at Applied Physic

In an era of fiscal austerity, downsizing and unforgiving pressure upon human and economic capital, it is an Augean task to identify resources for fresh and creative work. The realities of the day and the practical demands of more immediate fleet needs can often dictate higher priorities. Yet, the Navy must avoid eating its seed corn. Exercising both technical insight and management foresight, the fleet, the R&d community, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OpNav) and the product engineering expertise of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) are joined and underway with integrated efforts to marry new, fully demonstrated technologies and operational urgencies. defense funding today cannot sponsor all work that can be mission-justified over the long term because budgets are insufficient to support product maturation within the classical development cycle. However, by rigorous technical filtering and astute engineering of both marketplace capabilities and currently available components, it is possible in a few select cases to compress and, in effect, integrate advanced development (6.3), engineering development (6.4), weapon procurement (WPN), ship construction (SCN), operation and maintenance (O&M,N) budgetary categories when fleet criticalities and technology opportunities can happily meet. In short, 6.3 funds can be applied directly to ''ripe gateways'' so modern technology is inserted into existing troubled or aging systems, sidestepping the lengthy, traditional development cycle and accelerating practical payoffs to recurrent fleet problems. To produce such constructive results has required a remarkable convergence of sponsor prescience and engineering workforce excellence. The paper describes, extensively, the philosophy of approach, transition strategy, polling of fleet needs, technology assessment, and management team requirements. The process for culling and selecting specific candidate tasks for SHARP sponsorship (matching operational need with t

关键词： Naval vessels

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developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent Engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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Chaos and detection

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physical Review E 1996年第5期53卷 4514-4514页

作者： Andrew M. Fraser Systems Science Ph.D. Program Portland State University Portland Oregon 97207-0751

I report on numerical experiments in which a detector reliably found chaotic signals at signal to noise ratios as low as - 15 dB. The detector was based on a variant of the hidden Markov models used in speech research. The task was particularly difficult because the Fourier power spectrum of the noise was constructed to match the spectrum of the signal. I review likelihood ratio detectors, limitations on the performance of linear models implied by the broad Fourier power spectra of chaotic signals, and the upper limit that the Kolmogorov-Sinai (KS) entropy of a chaotic system places on the expected log likelihood attainable by any model. I find that KS entropy estimates indicate that even better detection performance is possible.

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Global optimization studies on the 1-d phase problem

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL SYSTEMS 1996年第1期25卷 47-59页

作者： Zwick, M Lovell, B Marsh, J Systems Science Ph.D. Program Portland State University Portland OR 97207 United States

The Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Simulated Annealing (SA), two techniques for global optimization, were applied to a reduced (simplified) form of the phase problem (RPP) in computational crystallography. Results were compared with those of ''enhanced pair flipping'' (EPF), a more elaborate problem-specific algorithm incorporating local and global searches. Not surprisingly, EPF did better than the GA or SA approaches, but the existence of GA and SA techniques more advanced than those used in this study suggest that these techniques still hold promise for phase problem applications. The RPP is, furthermore, an excellent test problem for such global optimization methods.

关键词： phase problem computational crystallography global optimization Genetic Algorithm simulated annealing

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Influence of human engineering on manning levels and human performance on ships

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 67-76页

作者： Anderson, dE Oberman, FR Malone, TB Baker, CC David E. Anderson:has a bachelor of science degree in environmental engineering from Florida Technological University and a master's degree in environmental engineering from the University of Central Florida. He is a graduate of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Engineer-In-Training (EIT) Program. Mr. Anderson was instrumental in introducing the collective protection system (CPS) in the U.S. Navy developing the initial forward-fit package for the USS Gunston Hall and the engineering change proposal (ECP) for the USS Wasp. In 1990 he joined the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Division (SEA 55W5) where he was task leader for auxiliary ships. He is currently the HSI manager for the future technology variant of the SeaLift ship and the future carrier. Association of Scientists and Engineers 33rdAnnual Technical Symposium 26 April 1996. Fred R. Oberman:has B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Chicago and Loyola University (experimental psychology) and an M.S. degree in industrial engineering and operations research from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI). He has more than 30 years experience in HSI management planning research analysis design and testing in government and private sector positions. He is currently responsible for NavSea HSI generic research and tool development efforts. He is responsible for Human Engineering Specifications and Standards (Commercial Hypertext) and is the NavSea 03D7 representative on HSI in Performance Specifications and for integration of HSI within Integrated Logistic Support (ILS). He has served as DoD HSI SubTAG chair and member of the Simulation and Modeling Test and Evaluation Display and Control Systems Human Computer Interaction Specifications and Standards and Systems Design Sub Tags as a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Systems Safety Panel and a member of NATO RSG 14 on man-machine analysis. Thomas B. Malone: CHFEP received a Ph.D. in experimental psychology from Fordham University in 1964. He is president of Carlow

The objectives of Human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine Technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.

关键词： Human engineering

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