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Stabilizers enhancing the frequency regulation action of HVdC links supplying weak AC systems

European Transactions on Electrical Power 1993年第3期3卷 201-212页

作者： Maris, T.I. Lygdis, A.d. Vovos, N.A. Giannakopoulos, G.B. Theodoros I. Maris (1961) received the Diploma in Electrical Engineering from the University of Patras/Greece in 1984. In 1985 he joined the Power Systems Laboratory at the Electrical Engineering Department of the University of Patras as research assistant where he is currently working for his Ph.D. degree. His area of interest is HVDC transmission. (University of Patras Dep. of Electrical Engineering Power Systems Laboratory GR-26 500 Rion. Patras/Greece T +3061/997350 Fax +3061/997362) Athanassios D. Lygdis (1954) received the Diploma in Electrical Engineering from the University of Patras/Greece in 1979. From 1979 until 1982 he worked at the Nuclear Technology Laboratory of the University of Patras as research assistant. In 1983 he joined the Power Systems Laboratory at the Electrical Engineering Department of the University of Patras as scientific collaborator. He is now working for his Ph.D. degree in this Department. His main field of interest is power transmission by HVDC systems. (University of Patras Dep. of Electrical Engineering Power Systems Labora- tory GR-26 500 Rion Patras/Greece T + 3061/997350 Fax + 3061/997361) Nickolas A. Vovos (1951) received the Diploma degree from the University of Patras/Greece the M.Sc. degree from the University of Manchester/England Institute of Science and Technology. and the Ph.D. degree from the University of Patras in 1974 1975 1978 respectively all in Electrical Engineering. In 1976 he joined the Power Systems Laboratory at the Electrical Engineering Department of the University of Patras where he is now Associate Professor. His main fields of interest are the modeiling and the transient stability study of integrated AC/DC systems. He is a member of the IEEE Power Engineering Society and CIGRE and a registered professional Engineer and member of the Technical Chamber of Greece (University of Patras Dep. of Electrical Engineering Power Systems laboratory GR-26500 Rion Patras/Greece. T +3061/997369 Fax +3061/997362) Gabriel B. Giannakopoulos (1

Power System Stabilizers (PSS) superimposed to the basic control system of an HVdC link supplying a weak AC system, in order to enhance its frequency regulation action, are proposed. To decrease the AC voltage sensitivity at the inverter side, the basic control system of the HVdC link is proposed to operate with the rectifier under Minimum Ignition Angle (MIA) control and the inverter under Constant Current (CC) control. Inputs to the PSS are the frequency and the AC voltage deviations at the inverter side and their constant parameters are calculated using modal control technique. detailed simulation results for a practical integrated AC/dC system are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed control scheme. Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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STATISTICAL PROCESS-CONTROL FOR SOFTWARE IN THE MAINTENANCE phASE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 192-200页

作者： LUKE, SR JACOBS, dA REEd, BM Stephen R. Luke:is a registered professional engineer in the Commonwealth of Virginia. He received his B.S. in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1983 and is presently pursuing a master's degree in engineering management at Old Dominion University. Mr. Luke is experienced as a test engineer at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard (1978–1989) and as a reliability/quality engineer at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Detachment Norfolk (1989-Present). Currently he is the group leader of the RMA/QA group for the AN/SQQ-89(V) Antisubmarine Warfare System at Naval Undersea Warfare Center Detachment Norfolk. Mr. Luke is a member of ASNE IEEE (Reliability Society) and ASQC and is an ASQC certified quality engineer and reliability engineer. Derya Alasya Jacobs:is an assistant professor in the Engineering Management Department at Old Dominion University (ODU). She has a B.S. in computer science and an M.S. and Ph.D in engineering management from the University of Missouri-Rolla. Prior to joining ODU Dr. Jacobs worked as a research engineer at the Center for Technology Transfer and Economic Development at the University of Missouri-Rolla. During the same period she served as a consultant in software development for Missouri Enterprise Rolla Missouri. Dr. Jacobs' research interests are in the areas of applied artificial intelligence decision support systems operations research and computer integrated manufacturing. Billie M. Reed:is an assistant professor in the Engineering Management Department at Old Dominion University. He received a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Auburn University in 1971. After completing undergraduate studies Dr. Reed was commissioned as an officer in the U.S. Navy where he served in the nuclear submarine force until 1982. Following his military career Dr. Reed worked for nine years as a systems engineer and human-machine interface designer of complex interactive computer based systems for use in aircraft space and ship systems. He received his M.S. and Ph

As technology advances and our dependency on software increases, the requirement to develop the correct means to improve quality in both the deveiopment phase and the maintenance phase of software life cycle support becomes increasingly significant. The focus of this paper is on the dilemma facing software engineering in maintaining quality within the constraints of the maintenance phase. The paper further proposes that the software maintenance process can also be analvzed and improved using statistical process control (SPC) techniques. The methods discussed in this paper have been proposed for use in the Software Maintenance project at NUWC detachment Norfolk. Upon successful testing at NUWC detachment Norfolk, they will be forwarded to the AN/SQQ-89(V) (interagencv) Software Quality Evaluation Committee for use by other agencies which are developing and maintaining AN/SQQ-89(V) software.

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UTILIZING RESERVE ASSETS - MUTUAL SUPPORT AT SUPSHIP BATH

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第6期105卷 39-42页

作者： GOLdA, EM PORPORA, GA Cdr. Eugene Michael Golda:is a Naval Reserve engineering duty officer and is commanding officer of NR NavSea PMS Det 302. He has developed and directed mutual support programs assisting the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Brooklyn and has participated in the training and mutual support programs at the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Bath. He received a Ph.D. and M.S. in materials science and engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken N.J. A 1977 graduate of the United States Naval Academy Cdr. Golda has been a member of ASNE since 1974. Cdr. Golda is a materials engineer at the Annapolis Detachment Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center working on naval applications of superconducting technology. LCdr. Gregory A. Porpora:is an IBM market support representative who provides technical consulting support in application development with computer aided software engineering (CASE) tools. Prior to joining IBM he was a senior design engineer for a defense contractor involved in design and development of radar and ASW systems including the AN/BSY-1 combat system trainer. LCdr. Porpora is a member of IEEE the Naval Institute and the Naval Reserve Association. He holds a BSEE and MSEE from the Polytechnic Institute of Technology New York. LCdr. Porpora is currently assigned to NR SupShip Det 502 which provides extensive mutual support for the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Bath and the resident office in Brooklyn New York.

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An approach to the direct analysis of transient stability

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European Transactions on Electrical Power 1993年第3期3卷 241-248页

作者： djukanovic, M.B. Sobajic, d.J. Pao, Y.‐H. Miodrag B. Djukanovic (1959) received his B.S. M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Belgrade/Yugoslavia in 1982 1985 and 1992 respectively specializing in electric power systems. In 1984 he joined the Electrical Engineering Institute “Nikola Tesla” in Belgrade where he was working on the scientific studies in the field of power systems planning operation and control. In 1985 and 1990 he was appointed as a research scholar at the Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm and Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio. His major in- terests are in the area of power system analysis steady-state and dynamic security and application of neural networks in electric power systems. (Electrical Engineering Institute “Nicola Tesla” ul. Koste Glavinica 8A YU-11000 Belgrad T +3811/2351-619 Fax + 3811/2351-823) Dejan J. Sobajic (1949) received the B.S.E.E. and the M.S.E.E. degrees from the University of Belgrade/Yugoslavia in 1972 and 1976 respectively and the Ph.D. degree from Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio in 1988. At present he is with the Department of Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics Case Western Reserve University Cleveland. He is also the Engineering Manager of A1 WARE Inc. Cleveland. His current research interests include power system operation and control neuralnet systems and adaptive control. He is a member of the IEEE Task Force on Neural-Network Applications in Power Systems and of the IEEE Intelligent Controls Committee. He is the Chairman of the International Neural-Networks Society Special Interest Group on Power Engineering. (Case Western Reserve University Department of Electrial Engineering and Computer Sciences Glennan Building Ohio 44 106 USA T + 1216/421-2380 Fax +1216/368-8776) Yoh-Han Pao (1922) has been a Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Case Westem Reserve University (CWRU) Cleveland Ohio since 1967. He has served as chairman of the University's Electrical Engineering Department

The Transient Energy Function (TEF) method has been intensely investigated over the last decade as a reliable and accurate tool for transient stability assessment of multimachine power systems. In this paper we propose the Potential Energy Boundary Surface (PEBS) based method for direct analysis of transient stability. The critical value of transient energy and the Critical Clearing Time (T_CCT) are evaluated without the need for successive calculation and memorization of the system kinetic and potential energy values along the sustained fault trajectory. The method is used for determination of output features in the training phase of the neural‐net based transient security assessment. The proposed approach is tested on the well‐known ten‐generator New England test system demonstrating the validity and accuracy of obtained results. Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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INFLUENCE OF TRAILING-EdGE GRId STRUCTURE ON NAVIER-STOKES COMPUTATION OF TURBOMACHINERY CASCAdE FLOW

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHOdS IN FLUIdS 1992年第8期15卷 883-894页

作者： CHUNG, HT BAEK, JH Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang Institute of Science and Technology P.O. Box 125 Pohang 790–600 Republic of Korea Graduate Student in Ph.D. Program. Associate Professor.

Three kinds of grid system based on C-type grid are examined in order to reveal their relative flow characteristics of the turbomachinery cascade, especially near the trailing edge and wake. Here, a semi-conservative interpolation technique to treat the discontinuous boundary condition along the periodic boundary is proposed and is applied on the patched-type grid structure. Computational results are presented to see the influence of trailing-edge grid structure on the Navier-Stokes solutions for the high-turning transonic turbine cascade.

关键词： TRAILING-EdGE GRId STRUCTURE CUBIC INTERPOLATION TECHNIQUE IMPLICIT LU FACTORIZATION SCHEME TRANSONIC TURBINE CASCAdE

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COMPARISON OF dOWNHOLE ANd SURFACE SAMPLING FOR THE dETERMINATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNdS (VOCS) IN GROUNd-WATER

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GROUNd WATER MONITORING ANd REMEdIATION 1992年第1期12卷 126-133页

作者： ROSEN, ME PANKOW, JF GIBS, J IMBRIGIOTTA, TE Michael E. Rosen received his B.A. in chemistry from the State University of New York at Binghamton in 1981 and a Ph.D. in environmental science and engineering from the Oregon Graduate Institute in 1988. His research interests include trace environmental analysis of organic compounds. He is now manager of the Voluntary Cleanup Section of the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (Environmental Cleanup Division 811 S.W. 6th Ave. Portland OR 97204) where he is working to develop streamlined procedures and processes for the investigation and cleanup of hazardous substance sites. James F. Pankow is professor and chairman of the Department of Environmental Science and Engineering at the Oregon Graduate Institute (Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology Department of Environmental Science and Engineering 19600 N.W. von Neumann Dr. Beaverton OR 97006–1999). He received his B.A. in chemistry in 1973 from the State University of New York in Binghamton and his Ph.D. in environmental engineering science from the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena California in 1979. His group is involved in the study of the physical and chemical processes affecting the behavior of organic and inorganic chemicals in the environment. This work includes the development and application of sensitive analytical methods for the determination of trace organic contaminants in ground water systems. Jacob Gibs is an environmental engineer with the U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Division (810 Bear Tavern Rd. Ste. 207 West Trenton NJ 08628). He received a B.S. in mechanical engineering in 1968 an M.S. in environmental engineering in 1975 and a Ph.D. in environmental engineering in 1983 all from Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania. He is currently project chief of a study on representative sampling of ground water for trace levels of organic compounds. His research interests include evaluating ground water sampling techniques and devices for purgeable organic compounds design of sampling

The relative precision and accuracy of sampling and analysis methods for the determination of trace concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ground water were compared. Samples were collected from a well containing nanogram-per-liter (ng/L) to microgram-per-liter (mu-g/L) levels of VOCs. A Keck helical rotor submersible pump was used to collect samples at the surface for analysis by purge and trap (P&T) and for analysis by adsorption/thermal desorption (ATd). downhole samples were collected by passing water through an ATd cartridge. Although slight spontaneous bubble outgassing occurred when the water was brought to the surface, the relative precisions and comparabilities of the surface and downhole methods were generally found to be equivalent from a statistical point of view. A main conclusion of this study is that bringing sample water to the surface for placement in VOC vials (and subsequent analysis by P&T) can be done reliably under many circumstances. However, care must still be taken to prevent adsorption losses and cross contamination. Samples subject to strong bubble outgassing will need to be handled in a special fashion (e.g., by downhole ATd) to minimize volatilization losses. Additionally, the higher sensitivity of the ATd method allows lower detection limits than are possible with P&T. For example, several compounds present at the ng/L level could be determined with confidence by ATd, but not by P&T.

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Children Who Witness Woman Battering

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Law & Policy 1992年第2-3期14卷 169-184页

作者： TOMKINS, ALAN J. STEINMAN, MICHAEL KENNING, MARY K. MOHAMEd, SOMAIA AFRANK, JAN **Alan J. Tomkins J.D. Ph.D. is a faculty member with the Law/Psychology Program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Professor Tomkins has research interests in social and domestic violence including topics such as acquaintance rape battered women child maltreatment and perinatal exposure to harmful substances. He also has interests in the use of social science evidence in litigation both as a general matter and with particular application to discrimination cases. ***Michael STEInman Ph.D. is a Professor of Political Science at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. His research has examined issues of police behavior and domestic violence. ****Mary K. Kenning Ph.D. is a senior psychologist with the Hennepin County Court System in Minneapolis Minnesota. Her research and clinical interests include the assessment and treatment of family violence and sexual abuse. *****SOMAIA Mohamed m.d. was formerly a general practitioner in Cairo Egypt and is now completing her studies in clinical psychology at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Her research interests include child maltreatment and neuropsychological rehabilitation. ******Jan Afrank b.a. is a graduate student in the Community-Clinical Program Department of Psychology Wichita State University. Her research interests are in workplace characteristics and alcohol consumption as well as in domestic violence and sexual assault.

This article argues that many children who witness their mother's battering are neglected by the child welfare system. Children who witness domestic violence are at risk for significant psychosocial deficits and direct abuse. Fifty‐nine social service professionals from Lincoln, Nebraska, who work with domestic violence were interviewed. Results indicated that while service providers were clinically sensitive to the problems experienced by children who witnessed domestic violence, only one in four stated they would make a report of suspected child abuse to social services based on witnessing alone. Legal and policy issues related to child witnessing are also discussed. Copyright © 1992, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

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COMPARISON OF STAINLESS-STEEL VS PTFE MINIWELLS FOR MONITORING HALOGENATEd ORGANIC SOLUTE TRANSPORT

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GROUNd WATER MONITORING ANd REMEdIATION 1992年第4期12卷 126-131页

作者： BIANCHIMOSQUERA, GC MACKAY, dM Gino Bianchi-Mosquera (51 Claremont Ave. Long Beach CA 90803) is a project geochemist with Watkins-Johnson Environmental Inc. He received a B.A. degree in geochemistry from Occidental College Los Angeles California an M.S. degree in geochemistry from The Pennsylvania State University and a D.Env. degree from the University of California Los Angeles in 1982 1986 and 1992 respectively. His research interests include the transport and fate of organic compounds in the subsurface and in the evaluation of new aquifer cleanup techniques. Douglas Mackay is adjunct professor in the Centre for Groundwater Research at the University of Waterloo (Waterloo Ontario N2L3G1) Canada and a visiting scientist at the UCLA Department of Civil Engineering. From 1986 to mid-1990 he was a faculty member in the Environmental Science and Engineering Program of the UCLA School of Public Health. His research focuses on field studies of transport and fate of organic chemicals in ground water and ground water decontamination technologies. Dr. Mackay received a B.S. in engineering and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in civil engineering from Stanford University in 1970 1973 and 1981 respectively.

Field tests of organic solute transport behavior have often been monitored using small-diameter wells (miniwells). To determine if experimental results could be significantly biased by sorption to, desorption from, or diffusion through sampling lines, dissolved concentrations of tetrachloroethene and carbon tetrachloride were measured in ground water samples collected simultaneously from the same spatial location during a forced-gradient test in the Borden aquifer using polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE) and stainless steel miniwells (1/8-inch O.d.). A semiautomated organic analytical system was used on-site to obtain real-time results, which avoided sample holding problems and permitted optimizing sampling times. The breakthrough curves (plots of concentration vs. time) for both organic compounds indicate that under the conditions of this experiment (low organic solute concentrations, short exposure time of sampling lines to the plume. adequate flushing of sampling lines) there is no significant difference between concentration histories (breakthrough curves) collected using a polytetrafluoroethene sampling line and those collected using a stainless steel sampling line. This suggests that organic solute tailing seen in this and also in a similar transport experiment previously conducted at the site is the result of transport processes in the aquifer rather than an artifact introduced by the PTFE miniwells.

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ACQUISITION OF REPRESENTATIVE GROUNd-WATER QUALITY SAMPLES FOR METALS

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GROUNd WATER MONITORING ANd REMEdIATION 1992年第3期12卷 167-176页

作者： PULS, RW POWELL, RM Robert W. Puls is currently employed at the R.S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory (RSKERL) U.S. EPA in the Processes and Systems Research Division. He received a bachelor's degree in soil science from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and a master's degree in forest resources from the University of Washington. He received his Ph.D. in soil and water science (minor in analytical chemistry) from the University of Arizona. Following completion of his doctorate he worked on the High Level Nuclear Waste Repository Research Program (DOE) investigating the fate and transport of radionuclides in ground water. He has been employed at RSKERL since 1987. His recent publications have covered a range of topics including ground water sampling for inorganics colloidal transport in ground water organic-metal-mineral interactions aquifer remediation and metal and metalloid sorption-desorption reactions governing subsurface contaminant transport. Robert M. Powell is a project scientist with Man-Tech Environmental Technology Inc. at the R. S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory in Ada Oklahoma. He is a graduate of the University of Oklahoma and spent eleven years with the Oklahoma Geological Survey (OGS) before joining ManTech six years ago. While at OGS he developed methods for the analysis of water and geologic materials primarily using atomic spectroscopy. He specializes in environmental chemistry as it relates to subsurface contaminant transport including studies of organic carbon in subsurface materials metal complexation surface charge effects on colloid transport and sampling methodologies.

R.S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory (RSKERL) personnel have evaluated sampling procedures for the collection of representative, accurate, and reproducible ground water quality samples for metals for the past four years. Intensive sampling research at three different field sites has shown that the method by which samples are collected has a greater impact on sample quality, accuracy, and reproducibility than whether the samples are filtered or not. In particular, sample collection practices that induce artificially high levels of turbidity have been shown to have the greatest negative impacts on sample quality. Results indicated the ineffectiveness of bailers for collection of representative metal samples. Inconsistent operator usage together with excessive purging generally resulted in excessive turbidity (>100 NTUs) and large differences in filtered and unfiltered metal samples. The use of low flow rate purging and sampling consistently produced filtered and unfiltered samples that showed no significant differences in concentrations. Turbidity levels were generally less than 5 NTUs, even in fine-textured glacial till. We recommend the use of low flow rates, during both purging and sampling, placement of the sampling intake at the desired sampling point, minimal disturbance of the stagnant water column above the screened interval, monitoring of water quality indicators during purging, minimization of atmospheric contact with samples, and collection of unfiltered samples for metal analyses to estimate total contaminant loading in the system. While additional time is spent due to use of low flow rates, this is compensated for by eliminating the need for filtration, decreased volume of contaminated purge water, and less resampling to address inconsistent data results.

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AN AI-BASEd dECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR NAVAL SHIP dESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第3期104卷 156-165页

作者： CHOU, YC BENJAMIN, CO Yu-Chao Chou:has served as an engineering officer in the Republic of China Navy for 20 years. He graduated from the Chung Chen Institute of Technology in 1972 with a bachelor of science degree in naval architecture. He received a master of engineering degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan in 1977. He obtained his Ph.D. in engineering management at the University of Missouri-Rolla in 1991. His current research interests include artificial intelligence project management and concurrent engineering. He is a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers and the Institute of Industrial Engineers. Colin O. Benjamin:is an associate professor of engineering management at the University of Missouri-Rolla and has had several years of international teaching industrial and consulting experience. He received a Ph.D. in industrial engineering from the University of the West Indies an MBA from the Cranfield Institute of Technology U.K. and an M.Sc. in engineering production and management from the University of Birmingham U.K. His current research interests include artificial intelligence (AI) multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) facilities planning and computer integrated manufacturing (CIM). He is a Senior Member of the Institute of Industrial Engineers and the Society of Manufacturing Engineers.

Naval ship design is a complex, iterative decision-making process that requires not only qualitative reasoning and quantitative computations, but also effective handling of massive amounts of information. The development of a systematic procedure in the form of an interactive decision Support System (dSS) incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) techniques can assist in improving the design process. The dSS reported in this paper integrates conventional naval ship design application software with an expert system. Modeling techniques such as a spreadsheet, a database management system, and graphic display capability are incorporated as well. This dSS facilitates "what-if" analysis of design problems and assessment of the trade-offs between performance and cost. The dSS will aid rapid generation of design alternatives and facilitate their evaluation. A final recommendation is made based on multiattribute decision analysis using the straightforward points allocation method and the analytic hierarchy process. during a typical consultation process, the user is prompted for inputs to the naval ship design process and is provided with a wide range of reports in graphical and numerical form. during a structured system evaluation, the dSS displayed considerable accuracy, flexibility, speed, user-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. The reliability and validity of the system were also confirmed. These evaluation procedures provide a replicable methodology for verification and validation of this type of AI-based decision support system.

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