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Geo-EnvironMeet 2025: Geoenvironmental Contamination and Waste Containment

作者： Alam, Md. Khorshed Farid, Arvin Computing Ph.D. Program Boise State Univ. BoiseID United States Dept. of Civil Engineering Boise State Univ. BoiseID United States

ISBN: (数字)9780784485699

The term Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) refer to a class of manmade very stable chemicals popular for their ability to withstand heat and moisture. Hence, they are used in manufacturing a variety of goods and firefighting aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF). The discharge of these chemicals into the soil occurs when they are introduced into the environment through various means, such as being used in firefighting foams and similar products or when they get deposited in landfills. In addition to some levels of adsorption to a solid phase, PFAS have a propensity to adhere to the water-air interface, due to surfactant-like nature. This adsorption to air-water interfaces can complicate PFAS transportation through the vadose zone. The persistent properties and potential health risks linked to PFAS provide formidable complexity. due to the widespread contamination of the environment caused by PFAS, scientists and environmental agencies are intensively studying the fate and flow of these chemicals within the soil environment. In this paper, two numerical models - groundwater seepage and PFAS transport - are developed to examine the impact of air-water interface adsorption on the transport of PFAS within soil's unsaturated (vadose) and saturated (groundwater) environments. For unsaturated soil and the coupled groundwater seepage and PFAS transport models, the degree of saturation is fed into the PFAS transport model from the seepage model;the results are shown through 2d snapshots at certain times that show the spatial distribution of PFAS concentration over time for the two inlet-outlet-combination scenarios. Highlighting the significant impact of air-water interface adsorption (caused by varying degrees of water saturation) on PFAS transport within the groundwater system, the coupled model emphasizes the essential importance of taking site-specific conditions and hydrogeological parameters into account when assessing the risks of PFAS contamination and devising

关键词： Seepage

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Impact of Compact City on Carbon Emission Reduction Based on Urban Size: A Spatial Analysis Using Satellite Imagery

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Sustainable Cities and Society 2025年 126卷

作者： Mun, Hansol Jung, Juchul Correspondence: Ph.D. Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology Busan Korea Republic of Department of Urban Planning & Engineering Pusan National University Busan Korea Republic of

Cities contribute significantly to global carbon emissions, making sustainable development through efficient spatial planning essential for achieving carbon neutrality. Compact cities are crucial for urban planning because of concerns regarding the impact of dispersed development on society and the environment. However, researchers hold differing opinions, and debates continue. As cities expand, they develop different influences, underscoring the need to consider regional characteristics rather than rely on a single assessment framework. Understanding the interaction between urban size and spatial structure is vital because the relationship between compact city elements and carbon emissions is complex. This study aimed to clarify the carbon emission reduction effects of compact cities by considering their urban size and analyzing cities in the United States and South Korea. For example, although the compactness in larger cities may reduce emissions, the opposite effect may occur in smaller cities. Using satellite imagery, this study not only measured carbon emissions and three compact city characteristics but also conducted a panel threshold regression analysis to assess how these elements influenced emissions across various urban sizes. The results indicated that the impact of compact city characteristics on emissions varied with urban size, highlighting the significant interaction between urban size and spatial structure. For example, the analysis confirmed that reducing per capita VKT is essential despite environmental regulations and technological advancements. In small cities, greater compactness tends to increase carbon emissions, but beyond a certain size it contributes to their reduction. Likewise, while polycentricity increase emissions in smaller cities, it helps lower them as the city grows. This underscores the importance of understanding emission trends in relation to urban size and structure, while advocating for tailored spatial planning and strategic

关键词： Low emission

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Innovation in Geriatric Care: An AI Assistant with LLM Integration Based on Health Guidelines

Innovation in Geriatric Care: An AI Assistant with LLM Integ...

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18th International Joint Conference on Biomedical engineering Systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2025

作者： Basulo-Ribeiro, Juliana Matos, Nádia C. G. Araujo, Sabrina Magalhães Capela, Nuno Bischoff, Francisco Teixeira, Leonor Cruz-Correia, Ricardo University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto Health Data Science Ph.D. Program Porto Portugal CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal VirtualCare Portugal

With the advance of artificial intelligence and natural language processing technology, a new tool is standing out in the field of understanding and generating natural language in a sophisticated way: the Large Language Model (LLM). According to several authors, LLMs can be used for various types of medical cases, providing access to different sources of information, and have opened up countless opportunities in the healthcare sector. This work aims to share the lessons learned during the process of developing an LLM-based assistant aimed at specific pathologies that are more prevalent in the elderly in order to support caregivers, whether they are private individuals, home care organizations, nursing homes or others. This study has a significant potential impact on the community by providing access to detailed information on developing an LLM-based assistant. © 2025 by SCITEPRESS – science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Cryptanalysis of Tripartite Authentication Protocol RFId/NFC Based on ECC 24

Cryptanalysis of Tripartite Authentication Protocol RFID/NFC...

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Proceedings of the 2024 5th International Conference on Big data Economy and Information Management

作者： Min-Shiang Hwang Yung-Ling Chang Cheng-Ying Yang Chia-Chun Wu Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan The Ph.D. Program in Artificial intelligence Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science University of Taipei Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Quemoy University Kinmen Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400711862

Recently, Wei & Chen proposed a secure three-party mutual authentication protocol for RFId based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). Their approach can allow insecure communication between the reader and the backend, so their approach must achieve mutual authentication between the tag, reader, and backend. In addition, their method also satisfies the essential characteristics of RFId systems, such as confidentiality, anonymity, resistance to tracking attacks, and spoofing attacks. However, this article finds that its method cannot meet the mutual authentication and denial of service attacks.

关键词： ECC

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Cytocompatible and antibacterial Fe-, Cu- and Zn-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite materials for skin applications

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Ceramics International 2025年第9期51卷 11286-11296页

作者： Lukaviciute, L. Lukowiak, A. Stankeviciute, Z. Junka, A. Mortimer, M. Zarkov, A. Yang, J.-C. Ganceviciene, R. Kareiva, A. Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences Vilnius University Naugarduko st. 24 Vilnius03225 Lithuania Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of Sciences Okolna 2 Wroclaw50422 Poland Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology Wroclaw Medical University Borowska 211A Wroclaw50556 Poland Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics Akadeemia tee 23 Tallinn12618 Estonia Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Device Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taiwan Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University M.K. Ciurlionio st. 21 Vilnius03101 Lithuania

Calcium hydroxyapatite (C10(PO4)6(OH)2;CHAp) and metal-substituted samples (Fe:CHAp, Cu:CHAp, and Zn:CHAp) were synthesized using a recently developed method. This method involved the wet precipitation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), followed by solid-state reaction synthesis of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), and finally hydrothermal synthesis of CHAp. The effect of Fe3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ substitution on the phase purity and antimicrobial properties of CHAp are summarized in this study. Notably, it highlights the phase purity of CHAp and Zn:CHAp (in the presence of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions, the α- and β-TCP phases have formed) as well as the antimicrobial activity of Zn:CHAp and Cu:CHAp against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The synthesized nanosized CHAp, Fe:CHAp, Cu:CHAp, and Zn:CHAp samples were used as additives in the preparation of skin creams. In vitro biological studies of the resulting skin creams demonstrated their antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and showed a reduction in osteoblasts cells viability of in the range of 20–40 %. The addition of zinc enhances antimicrobial efficacy but reduces biocompatibility, while copper maintains both high antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility, making it more suitable for the development of medical or cosmetic materials. dermal creams containing CHAp with copper and iron ions also show significant antimicrobial activity while preserving good cell viability. These results highlight the importance of optimizing the balance between antimicrobial effectiveness and biocompatibility in these materials. © 2024

关键词： Biocompatibility

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Machine-learning-based sampling inspection under OQC capacity for real-time quality monitoring in the TFT-LCd industry

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International Journal of Production Research 2025年第6期63卷 2090-2113页

作者： Shih, Ming-Sung Chen, James C. Chen, Tzu-Li Chiang, Chih-Hsiung Hsu, Ching-Lan International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Division of Quality Control AUO Corporation Taichung Taiwan

In the thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCd) industry, the competition is fierce, and the external failure cost is high. To improve the quality of released products, sampling inspection under outgoing quality control (OQC) is conducted before products are released. Owing to the variety and complexity of inspection items, the task must be carried out manually while realising automation is difficult. Traditional random sampling inspection is limited by sampling quantity, manpower, and material resources. To effectively improve acceptable quality levels, this paper proposes a quality predictive monitoring framework tailored to the production and inspection characteristics of the TFT-LCd industry. This framework includes real-time automatic quality monitoring based on an optimal machine learning prediction model with two-phase feature creation, and it also addresses OQC inspection capacity constraints. Experimental results show the prediction performance based on proposed model is better than the traditional random sampling process. In practice, superior average outgoing quality improves by more than 70% at the same sampling level. In addition, the features of the process can be further controlled and managed based on the prediction model to monitor the key parameters in real time and respond to abnormalities quickly, thereby further improving the quality of released products. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Liquid crystal displays

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Fermentative biohydrogen production potential of sorghum distillers grains using anaerobic microflora at various ph values

Next Energy

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Next Energy 2025年 7卷

作者： Lu, Ching-Chun Lin, Chiu-Yue Ph.D. Program for Infrastructure Planning and Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Green Energy and Biotechnology Industry Research Center Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan

Sorghum distillers grains (SdGs) are rich in proteins, vitamins, and minerals and are a good feedstock for anaerobically generating biogases such as biohydrogen and biomethane. The present work aims to investigate the anaerobic biohydrogen production potential of SdG to explore its added value. ph is an important operating factor affecting biological reactions and was tested at values of 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, and 6.5. The experimental results show that the hydrogen production rate (HPR) is less ph.d.pendent, but the hydrogen yield (HY) is rather ph.d.pendent with near-neutral conditions favoring biohydrogen production. ph 6.5 resulted in an HPR of 4.9 L/L-d (188 mmol/L-d) and peak HY of 81 mL/g chemical oxygen demand. It is shown that SdG is a new and prospective biomass source for biohydrogen production, and with this application, the problem of treating kaoliang liquor SdG could be reduced. Approaches to increase biohydrogen production and applications of the experimental results were also elucidated. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Anaerobic fermentation Biohydrogen Hydrogen production rate Hydrogen yield ph effect Sorghum distillers grains

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A Secure NFC Cardless Cash Withdrawal System 5th

A Secure NFC Cardless Cash Withdrawal System

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5th International Conference on Financial Technology, ICFT 2024

作者： Hwang, Min-Shiang Lin, Cheng-Ying Chang, Chun-Hsien Yang, Cheng-Ying Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan Fintech and Blockchain Research Center Asia University Taichung Taiwan The Ph.D. Program in Artificial intelligence Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Management Information Systems National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science University of Taipei Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819638109

As IoT technology grows, several different payment methods are available now. NFC (Near Field Communication) as a short-range communication technology has been applied in many fields, such as contactless payment and electronic tickets. ATM (Auto Teller Machine) also benefits from NFC technology as one way of cardless cash withdrawal. However, there are many security problems, and convenience problems exist. In security, certain kinds of attacks, such as man-in-the-middle, replay, and brute-force attacks, must be considered. These attacks may influence user privacy. Furthermore, considering user experience, existing methods may not make users feel enough convenience when using. To enhance security and user experience, we proposed a secure NFC cardless cash withdrawal system using time stamps and nonce to reduce the risk of attack and design more effortless operations for users to enhance user experience. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Automatic teller machines

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Chemical Characteristics of Stack Particulate Matter Emitted from Sintering Process of an Integrated Steel Mill and Resolution of Source Contributors on Boundary PM2.5

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Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2025年第6期25卷 1-14页

作者： Shao, Cheng-Tsung Tseng, Yu-Lun Yuan, Chung-Shin Cheng, Wen-Hsi Li, Nian-Jie Zhao, Jia-Yi Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung City Taiwan ROC Environmental Protection Department China Steel Corporation Kaohsiung City Taiwan ROC Net Zero Emissions and Resource Recycling Technology Research Center National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung City Taiwan ROC Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology College of Maritime National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City Taiwan ROC

This study investigated the chemical characteristics of PM2.5 emitted from the sintering process of an integrated steel mill and assesses the contribution of emission sources to boundary PM2.5. PM2.5 samples were simultaneously collected from three stacks of the sintering process and two boundary sites located at the upstream (Site N) and downstream (Site S) of the steel mill. The chemical compositions of PM2.5, including water-soluble ions (WSIs), metallic elements, carbonaceous matter, anhydrosugars, and organic acids, were further analyzed. The chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model was then employed to identify emission sources and quantify their contributions. Stack emissions revealed that the dominant anions (SO42−, NO3−, Cl−) and cations (Na+, NH4+, and Ca2+) were similar across TPM, FPM, and CPM fractions. Fe, Al, and Ca were the most abundant metals, while organic carbon (OC) dominated the carbonaceous content, primarily from coke oven gas and solid fuel combustion. At the boundary sites, PM2.5 concentrations were generally higher at Site S, especially in fall and winter, due to fugitive dust from raw material handling and heavy-duty truck activities. Seasonal variation of PM2.5 concentrations followed the order: winter > fall > spring > summer. dominant WSIs included NO3−, SO42−, NH4+, Cl−, and Na+, and the key metals were Fe, Ca, Mg, Al, and Zn. The OC/EC ratios ranged from 1.49–1.88 and were slightly higher at Site N. Source apportionment showed that the steel mill contributed 28.3% and 36.6% of PM2.5 at Sites N and S, respectively, with the sintering process being the largest contributor (3.37% at Site N and 12.4% at Site S). The sintering process in the integrated steel mill significantly influenced PM2.5 composition and boundary air quality, especially at the downwind site. The findings highlighted the importance of emission control measures targeting sintering operations and material handling to mitigate PM2.5 pollution.

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Global optimization studies on the 1-d phase problem

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL SYSTEMS 1996年第1期25卷 47-59页

作者： Zwick, M Lovell, B Marsh, J Systems Science Ph.D. Program Portland State University Portland Oregon 97207 Systems Science Ph.D. Program Portland State University Portland Oregon 97207 Systems Science Ph.D. Program Portland State University Portland Oregon 97207

The Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Simulated Annealing (SA), two techniques for global optimization, were applied to a reduced (simplified) form of the phase problem (RPP) in computational crystallography. Results were compared with those of ''enhanced pair flipping'' (EPF), a more elaborate problem-specific algorithm incorporating local and global searches. Not surprisingly, EPF did better than the GA or SA approaches, but the existence of GA and SA techniques more advanced than those used in this study suggest that these techniques still hold promise for phase problem applications. The RPP is, furthermore, an excellent test problem for such global optimization methods.

关键词： phase problem computational crystallography global optimization Genetic Algorithm simulated annealing

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