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Self-Healable Sandfish Scale-Inspired Scalable Triboelectric Layer for Hybrid Energy Harvesting in desert Environment (Small 4/2025)

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Small 2025年第4期21卷

作者： An-Rong Chen Parag Parashar Manish Kumar Sharma Jing-Siang Shih Hsuan-Yu Yeh Yen-Jui Lin Kuldeep Kaswan Kai-Po Fan Po-Yu Chen Zong-Hong Lin Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan

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Altruism, the prisoner's dilemma, and the components of selection

Altruism, the prisoner's dilemma, and the components of sele...

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2001 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Fletcher, Jeffrey A. Zwick, Martin Systems Science Ph.D. Program Portland State University Portland OR 97207-0751 United States

The n-player prisoner's dilemma (Pd) is a useful model of multilevel selection for altruistic traits. It highlights the non zero-sum interactions necessary for the evolution of altruism as well as the tension between individual and group-level selection. The parameters of the n-player Pd can be directly related to the Price equation as well as to a useful alternative selection decomposition. Finally, the n-player Pd emphasizes the expected equilibrium condition of mutual defection in the absence of higher levels of organization and selection.

关键词： Game theory

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Enhancement of Second Harmonic Generation in Monolayer WS2 by Feedback-Based Wavefront Shaping

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Berger, Russell Mavian, Alex dimitrov, Edgar Zhang, Na Rumman, Nazifa Bassène, Pascal Terrones, Humberto Wertz, Esther A. Terrones, Mauricio Fohtung, Edwin N’Gom, Moussa Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering RPI TroyNY United States The Shirley Ann Jackson Ph.D. Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies RPI TroyNY United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States RPI 6015 Low Center TroyNY United States Center for Ultrafast Optical Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-2102 United States

Two-dimensional Transition-Metal dichalcogenides (TMds) are of great interest for second harmonic (SH) generation due to their large second-order susceptibility (χ(2)), atomically thin structure, and relaxed phase-matching conditions. TMds are also promising candidates for miniaturizing nonlinear optical devices due to their versatile applications in photon manipulation, quantum emission and sensing, and nanophotonic circuits. However, their strong SH response is limited by nanometer-scale light-matter interaction and material impurities. Although there is considerable work towards engineering TMds for enhancing their nonlinear responses, all-optical methods are still in the exploration stages. In this work, we incorporate, to the best of our knowledge, the first experimental demonstrations of feedback-based wavefront shaping (WFS) techniques in atomically thin media to reveal and enhance the weak SH generation of monolayer WS2. phase tuning of the incident wavefront leads to localized regions of high-intensity fundamental light, increasing the intensity of SH generation by up to an order of magnitude in targeted regions. We enhance the local conversion efficiencies from monolayer WS2 up to 41× from phase-only modulation. Furthermore, by introducing a shift in the transverse phase structure, we generate observable SH generation at the destructively interfering grain boundaries of polycrystalline monolayers. This method allows for all-optical tuning of TMds nonlinear responses, opening up possibilities for dynamic signal routing and on-demand enhancement in nanoscale photonic systems. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Nonlinear optics

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Structure-guided engineering of Cd112 receptor variants for optimized immunotherapy

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Molecular Therapy 2025年

作者： Singh, Srishti Julia, Estefania Kalita, Parismita Mason, Charlotte Ming, Qianqian Lee-Sam, Ansar Gordon, Sumai Buitrago, Maria Emilia Leung, daisy W. Hwu, Patrick Luca, Vincent C. Department of Immunology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa 33612 FL United States Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program University of South Florida Tampa 33612 FL United States Department of Clinical Science H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa 33612 FL United States Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States

The immune checkpoint protein, Cd112 receptor (Cd112R, also known as PVRIG), suppresses T and natural killer (NK) cell activation upon binding to tumor-expressed Cd112 (Nectin-2) ligands. Here, we determine the structure of the Cd112-Cd112R complex and use it to guide the engineering of multiple Cd112-targeting immunotherapy candidates. The 2.2 Å-resolution crystal structure reveals an antiparallel, lock-and-key binding mode in which Cd112R disrupts Cd112 homodimerization. Structural analysis informed directed evolution campaigns focused on remodeling the Cd112-Cd112R interface, resulting in the isolation of Cd112R mutants with greatly increased expression and Cd112-binding affinity. The highest-affinity variant, Cd112R^IVE, potently inhibits Cd112-Cd112R interactions when utilized as a soluble Cd112 trap. Furthermore, incorporating Cd112R variants into chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and T cell engagers (TCEs) leads to more robust T cell activation and killing of Cd112⁺ triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells compared with wild-type Cd112R. This strategy demonstrates how structural insights can be leveraged to efficiently generate panels of “affinity-tuned” biologics for immunotherapy. © 2025 The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy

关键词： CAR T cells Cd112 Cd112R checkpoint blockade immunotherapy protein engineering structural biology T cell engagers

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A novel remote health monitor with replaceable non-fragile bio-probes on RFId tag

A novel remote health monitor with replaceable non-fragile b...

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1st International Conference on engineering and Technology Innovation, ICETI 2011

作者： Lin, Jium-Ming Chang, Po-Kuang Ph.D. Program in Engineering Science College of Engineering Chung-Hua University 707 Wu-Fu Rd. Hsin-Chu 30012 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783037853245

Conventional bio-probes are produced on a silicon substrate, they are not only fragile but unable to dispose according to the profile of human body in a large area manner, and thus the contact resistance between probe and skin may be increased. Besides, the signal processing devices are required to improve both S/N ratio and impedance matching problems. This paper proposes a novel remote human health monitor and an active RFId tag with replaceable non-frangible probes and thin-film-transistor (TFT) amplifiers. The probes are made of bio-degradable polymer (photo resist) and covered with bio-compatible TiN. In addition, we use two pieces of double sides conducting tapes to connect both TFT amplifiers and probe modules. Thus the probe module can be replaced easily by peeling the used probe module away from the double sides conducting tapes to supply a new one. Since the tag is a flexible plastic substrate, e, g. PT, PET and PI, so the probes are easier to deploy and conform to the human body profile. In addition, the signal can be amplified by the TFT amplifier nearby to improve both S/N ratio and impedance matching. Thus the human health conditions can be remotely monitored by measuring various acupuncture impedances via the active RFId tag. The active RFId monitoring range is 15m by using 2.45 GHz ISM band, the probe resistance and parasitic capacitance are as 2735 Ω and 60.7 pf, respectively. Since the typical human acupuncture point resistance is about 40-120KΩ, thus the proposed device and system can be applied.

关键词： Probes

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Approximate reliability-based optimization using a three-step approach based on subset simulation

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JOURNAL OF engineering MECHANICS 2007年第4期133卷 481-493页

作者： Ching, Jianye Hsieh, Yi-Hung Assistant Professor Dept. of Construction Engineering National Taiwan Univ. of Science and Technology Taiwan (corresponding author) Ph.D. Student Dept. of Construction Engineering National Taiwan Univ. of Science and Technology Taiwan

A novel three-step approach is proposed to solve reliability-based optimization (RBO) problems. The new approach is based on a novel approach previously developed by the authors for estimating failure probability functions. The major advantage of the new approach is that it is applicable to RBO problems with high-dimensional uncertainties and with arbitrary system complexities. The basic idea is to transform the reliability constraint in the target RBO problem into nonprobabilistic one by first estimating the failure probability function and the confidence intervals using minimal amount of computation, in fact, using just a single subset simulation (SubSim) run for each reliability constraint. Samples of the failure probability function are then drawn from the confidence intervals. In the second step, candidate solutions of the RBO problems are found based on the samples, and in the third step, the final design solution is screened out of the candidates to ensure that the failure probability of the final design meets the target, which also only costs a single SubSim run. Four numerical examples are investigated to verify the proposed novel approach. The results show that the approach is capable of finding approximate solutions that are usually close to the actual solution of the target RBO problem.

关键词： Optimization Simulation Stochastic processes Reliability

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On-line system identification using context discernment

On-line system identification using context discernment

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IJCNN 2005

作者： Holmstrom, Lars Santiago, Roberto Lendaris, George G. NW Computational Intelligence Laboratory Portland State University Portland OR 97201 Systems Science Ph.D. Program Department of Systems Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering

ISBN: (纸本)0780390482

Mathematical models are often used in system identification applications. The dynamics of most systems, however, change over time and the sources of these changes cannot always be directly determined or measured. To maintain model accuracy, it is desirable to design system identifiers that can adapt to these dynamical shifts. We use reinforcement learning to train an agent to recognize dynamical changes in a modeled system and to estimate new parameter values for the model. The subsequent actions of this agent are characterized as "moving" the parameterized model on an optimal trajectory in model parameter space. It is found that this method is capable of quickly and accurately discerning the correct parameter values. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Identification (control systems)

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Fireworks Image Classification with deep Learning 26

Fireworks Image Classification with Deep Learning

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26th International Conference on Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence, TAAI 2021

作者： Chang, Chih-Lung Tseng, Hsin-Ming Chu, Hsueh-Ting Asia University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taichung Taiwan Asia University Ph.D. Program in Artificial Intelligence Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408257

Before the advent of deep learning, traditional image recognition used algorithms to find features and then classify images using classical machine learning algorithms. But it is difficult to define features for variable types of images. Instead, Representation learning is a way to allow a system to discover the representations of feature for image processing. deep-learning algorithms attempt to learn multiple levels of representation and play the key role of modern Representation learning. When deep learning neural networks recognize images, the shallow layers usually extract lower-level features, then start with intermediate-level features, and finally the full images. This study uses CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) to classify fireworks images, and the trained modules are used to evaluate the accuracy and suitability. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Image classification

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A novel power-effective and reliable wireless thermal convection angular accelerometer without Any movable parts and grooved cavity

A novel power-effective and reliable wireless thermal convec...

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2012 1st International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and engineering Systems, ICITES 2012

作者： Lin, Jium-Ming Lin, Cheng-Hung Department of Communication Engineering Chung-Hua University Hsin-Chu 30012 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Engineering Science College of Engineering Chung-Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781461467465

This chapter integrated an active RFId tag with a thermal convection angular accelerometer on a flexible substrate. The first new idea was to make the device directly on a flexible substrate without any movable parts, so it is very easy to make and reliable. The second idea used the flexible substrate such as polyimide, since its thermal conductivity is much lower than silicon, and thus, it can save more power. The third new idea and the most powerful one is that the angular accelerometer is integrated with an active RFId tag on the same flexible substrate;thus, the device becomes a more useful wireless angular acceleration sensor. By using the traditional square chamber filled with carbon dioxide, the device sensitivity is 18.8 C/(rad/s2) and the response time is 158 μs. © 2013 Springer science+Business Media New York.

关键词： Thermal conductivity

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Flexible nanohybrid substrates utilizing gold nanocubes/nano mica platelets with 3d lightning-rod effect for highly efficient bacterial biosensors based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering

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Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2024年第13期12卷 3226-3239页

作者： Chen, Yan-Feng Lu, Ming-Chang Lee, Chia-Jung Chiu, Chih-Wei Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei10607 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan

In this study, gold nanocubes (AuNCs) were quickly synthesized using the seed-mediated growth method and reduced onto the surface of two-dimensional (2d) delaminated nano mica platelets (NMPs), enabling the development of AuNCs/NMPs nanohybrids with a 3d lightning-rod effect. First, the growth-solution amount can be changed to easily adjust the AuNCs average-particle size within a range of 30-70 nm. The use of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride as a protective agent allowed the surface of AuNCs and nanohybrids to be positively charged. Positively charged nanohybrid surfaces presented a good adsorption effect for detecting molecules with negative charges on the surface. Additionally, the NMP surfaces were rich in ionic charges and provided a large specific surface area for stabilizing the growth of AuNCs. delaminated AuNCs/NMPs nanohybrids can generate a 3d hotspot effect through self-assembly to enhance the Raman signal. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is highly sensitive in detecting adenine biomolecules. Its limit of detection (LOd) and Raman enhancement factor reached 10−9 M and 3.6 × 108, respectively. Excellent reproducibility was obtained owing to the relatively regular arrangement of AuNC particles, and the relative standard deviation (RSd) was 10.7%. Finally, the surface of NMPs was modified by adding the hydrophilic poly(oxyethylene)-diamine (POE2000) and amphiphilic PIB-POE-PIB copolymer at different weight ratios. The adjustment of the surface hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of AuNCs/NMPs nanohybrids led to better adsorption and selectivity for bacteria. AuNCs/POE/NMPs and AuNCs/PIB-POE-PIB/NMPs were further applied to the SERS detection of hydrophilic Staphylococcus aureus and hydrophobic Escherichia coli, respectively. The SERS-detection results suggest that the LOd of hydrophilic Staphylococcus aureus and hydrophobic Escherichia coli reached 92 CFU mL−1 and 1.6 × 102 CFU mL−1, respectively. The AuNCs/POE/NMPs and AuNCs/P

关键词： Substrates

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