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Graphene quantum dot-decorated TiO2 nanowires/nanotubes: enhanced photocatalysis for methylene blue and pesticide degradation

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Applied physics A: Materials science and Processing 2025年第4期131卷

作者： Uyen, Ngo Ngoc Tu, Ly Anh Le, phuoc Huu Faculty of Applied Science Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology-VNUHCM 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street District 10 Ho Chi Minh70000 Viet Nam Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies and International Ph.D. Program in Plasma and Thin Film Technology Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei243303 Taiwan Department of Physics and Biophysics Faculty of Basic Sciences Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street Can Tho94000 Viet Nam

In this study, TiO2 nanowires/nanotubes (TiO2 WT) and graphene quantum dots-decorated TiO2 WT (GQds/TiO2 WT) were fabricated using a combination of anodic oxidation and hydrothermal methods. Both TiO2 WT and GQds/TiO2 WT exhibited anatase phase with preferred orientations along the (101), (004), (112), (200), and (105) planes. The TiO2 WT displayed a well-defined, uniform structure comprising nanotube arrays with an average diameter of ~ 100 nm and a length of ~ 4.8 μm, covered by nanowires with lengths of 2.5–3.5 μm. Amorphous GQds were successfully decorated onto TiO2 WT at various loading levels, as confirmed by XRd, SEM, HRTEM, EdS, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS. GQds/TiO2 WT demonstrated photocatalytic activity approximately twice as high as TiO2 WT for degrading methylene blue (MB) and pesticides, including methiocarb (MTC), carbofuran (CBF), and dimethoate (dMT). The photodegradation rates achieved for GQds-2/TiO2 WT were 1.336 × 10⁻2 min− 1 for MB, 20.3 × 10⁻2 min− 1 for CBF, 121 × 10⁻2 min− 1 for MTC, and 21.8 × 10⁻2 min− 1 for dMT. The enhanced performance was attributed to the synergistic effects of improved photogenerated electron-hole separation and extended light absorption compared to bare TiO2. Stability tests over four cycles of MB degradation showed ~ 80% retention of photocatalytic efficiency, indicating excellent reusability and structural stability. These results highlight the potential of GQds/TiO2 WT as a robust and efficient photocatalyst for environmental remediation, particularly for degrading organic pollutants and pesticides under UV-Vis illumination. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Nanowires

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Emission characteristics of naphthalene from ship exhausts under global sulfur cap

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science of the Total Environment 2023年 902卷 166172页

作者： Yeh, Chin-Ko Tzu, Fu-Ming Chen, Po-Yang Shen, Hsueh-Chen Yuan, Chung-Shin Lin, Chitsan Pu, Han-Pin Ngo, Huu Hao Bui, Xuan-Thanh Department of Marine Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung805301 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung811213 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung811213 Taiwan Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung804201 Taiwan School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney SydneyNWS2007 Australia 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street District 10 Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Linh Trung ward Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam

The global sulfur limit regulation mandates the use of 0.5 % low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) to reduce emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). However, the addition of naphthalene (Nap) to LSFO to stabilize its quality has led to an increase in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with Nap being the main pollutant. This study investigates the effects of Nap in ship exhaust by analyzing the emission concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and Nap in the exhaust of 16 ships, including 2 container ships, 6 bulk carriers, 1 tanker, 2 ferries, 3 fishing vessels, and 2 harbor crafts, based on USEPA method TO-15A. The results show that the percentage of Nap emissions in the exhaust gases of the 16 ship engines ranged from 77 % to 97 % of the total volatile organic compound (TVOC). The Nap concentration in the exhaust of fishing vessels, tanker, and harbor craft exceeded the occupational exposure limit of 50,000 μg/m3, with fishing vessels having the highest TVOC and Nap concentrations. The enhanced Nap emission in the air degrades air quality in port cities and poses an obvious potential public health risk. While the benefits of the global sulfur cap are being secured, additional efforts should be made to reduce the undetected side effects. Alternative stabilizers of LSFO should be considered, or Nap emission control should be boosted to mitigate the potential negative impact on harbor air quality. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Air quality

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design and application of FBG shock sensor for high-G shock tester and a wider frequency range

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Optik 2024年 311卷

作者： Yang, Wu-Sung Le, Hoang-dang Hsu, Hsiang-Cheng Wu, Chao-Wei Chiang, Chia-Chin Department of Mechanical Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology 415 Chien Kung Road Kaohsiung807 Taiwan College of Engineering Can Tho University Campus II 3/2 street Ninh Kieu District Can Tho94000 Viet Nam Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology College of Maritime National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology No.482 Jhongjhou 3rd Rd. Cijin District Kaohsiung City80543 Taiwan Department of Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering Chinese Air Force Academy No.Sisou 1 Jieshou W. Rd. Gangshan Dist. Kaohsiung82047 Taiwan

This study explores the potential of employing arrays of FBG shock sensors to measure strain in high-G impact test systems. Through a meticulously designed experiment, we installed three FBG arrays into grooves on the bottom surface of high-impact test equipment, ensuring a seamless profile. The unique design of the double elastic mass induced acceleration in the grating fiber while simultaneously subjecting it to stretching or compression in the opposite direction. This innovative approach allows us to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of utilizing FBG vibration sensors for precise strain measurement in high-G impact scenarios. The natural frequency and sensitivity of the sensor were theoretically investigated and optimized using MATLAB software. Furthermore, ANSYS was used to analyze the models and conduct simulations. The simulated FBG sensor had a natural frequency of 5000 Hz and demonstrated a flat frequency range of 100–3500 Hz. The linearity of the average sensitivity is 2.77 pm/G. A high-impact FBG shock sensor can measure high-impact forces or vibrations accurately, including aerospace to monitor aircraft health, automotive to improve vehicle safety, defense to detect gunfire, and sports to monitor the impact of collisions and improve athlete safety. © 2024 Elsevier GmbH

关键词： Natural frequencies

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Bismuth Sulfide doped in Graphitic Carbon Nitride degrades Nitric Oxide Under Solar Irradiation

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Lin, Chitsan Hussain, Adnan Cheruiyot, Nicholas Kiprotich Huang, Wen-Yen Ahsan, Wazir Aitizaz Lee, Yen-Yi Ph.D. Program of Aquatic Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 811213 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology College of Maritime National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center Cheng Shiu University Kaohsiung City 833301 Taiwan Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Cheng Shiu University Kaohsiung 833301 Taiwan Department of Food and Beverage Management Cheng Shiu University Kaohsiung 833301 Taiwan Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research Cheng Shiu University Kaohsiung City 833301 Taiwan

This study developed and evaluated the application of bismuth sulfide doped on graphitic carbon nitride (Bi 2 S 3 @g-C 3 N 4 ) in the degradation of NO under solar irradiation. Bi 2 S 3 @g-C 3 N 4 was prepared through the grinding method. The morphological structure and chemical properties of the synthesized photocatalyst were analyzed before the degradation tests. After doping with Bi 2 S 3 , the bandgap was reduced to 2.85 eV, which increased the absorption of solar light. As a result, Bi 2 S 3 @g-C 3 N 4 achieved higher NO degradation (55%) compared to pure Bi 2 S 3 (35%) and g-C 3 N 4 (45%). The trapping test revealed that electrons were the primary species responsible for most of the NO degradation. The photocatalyst was stable under repeated solar irradiation, maintaining degradation efficiencies of 50% after five consecutive recycling tests. The present work offers strong evidence that Bi 2 S 3 @g-C 3 N 4 is stable and efficient catalyst for photocatalytic oxidation of NO over solar irradiation. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heterojunctions

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Nanomaterials in the treatment and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis: Advanced approaches

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SLAS technology 2024年第4期29卷 100146-100146页

作者： Angela, Stefanny Fadhilah, Gianna Hsiao, Wesley Wei-Wen Lin, Hsuan-Yi Ko, Joshua Lu, Steven Che-Wei Lee, Cheng-Chung Chang, Yu-Sheng Lin, Ching-Yu Chang, Huan-Cheng Chiang, Wei-Hung Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan The Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Sustainable Electrochemical Energy Development (SEED) Center National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Advanced Manufacturing Research Center National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan. Electronic address: weshsiao@mail.ntust.edu.tw

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic inflammatory condition that affects persons between the ages of 20 and 40, causes synovium inflammation, cartilage loss, and joint discomfort as some of its symptoms. diagnostic techniques for RA have traditionally been split into two main categories: imaging and serological tests. However, significant issues are associated with both of these methods. Imaging methods are costly and only helpful in people with obvious symptoms, while serological assays are time-consuming and require specialist knowledge. The drawbacks of these traditional techniques have led to the development of novel diagnostic approaches. The unique properties of nanomaterials make them well-suited as biosensors. Their compact dimensions are frequently cited for their outstanding performance, and their positive impact on the signal-to-noise ratio accounts for their capacity to detect biomarkers at low detection limits, with excellent repeatability and a robust dynamic range. In this review, we discuss the use of nanomaterials in RA theranostics. Scientists have recently synthesized, characterized, and modified nanomaterials and biomarkers commonly used to enhance RA diagnosis and therapy capabilities. We hope to provide scientists with the promising potential that nanomaterials hold for future theranostics and offer suggestions on further improving nanomaterials as biosensors, particularly for detecting autoimmune disorders. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomarker Biosensor diagnosis Nanomaterials Rheumatoid arthritis Therapy

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Battery testing methods in fuel cell research

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ahmad, Shahbaz Egilmez, Mehmet Department of Physics American University of Sharjah PO Box: Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Material Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program American University of Sharjah PO Box: Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates

This report presents some of the key laboratory electrochemical battery testing methods that are used in fuel cell research. Methods such as voltammetry, chronoamperometry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are of major importance. All the electrochemical corrosion tests are performed through a tri-electrode polarization cell setup containing a reference electrode, a counter electrode, and the working electrode (metal sample of interest) in an electrolyte solution. All three electrodes are connected to a potentiostat. Corrosion of metal occurs through an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction. All the above testing methods can be performed by manipulating the current and voltage responses from the cell. Potentiostatic experiments (voltammetry and chronoamperometry) are performed using constant potential at the working electrode and recording the current response while galvanostatic experiments (chronopotentiometry) and vice versa. The measured data through all these experiments can provide very useful information regarding reaction reversibility, diffusion coefficient, reduction potential, rate of chemical reaction, durability, adsorption, voltage losses, and effective resistance to the mass and charge transport offered by electrode material. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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Association of long-term ozone exposure with the incidence and progression of hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease: A national retrospective cohort study

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science of the Total Environment 2025年 975卷 179209页

作者： Li, Yu-Ling Chang, Po-Ya Chuang, Ting-Wu Hsieh, Yi-Chen Wang, Bo-Sian Chen, Szu-Ying Chiou, Hung-Yi Institute of Population Health Sciences National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County Zhunan Taiwan Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Master Program in Applied Epidemiology College of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Evidence suggests that ozone is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease (CKd). However, the associations of ozone exposure with the dynamic progression of these diseases among Asian population remain unknown. This study included 9,256,945 participants from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research database between 2006 and 2021. Multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of CKd and either hypertension or diabetes. The ordinary kriging method was used to estimate daily concentrations of ozone, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, suspended fine particles, and suspended particles. Then, five-year average concentrations of pollutants were calculated. We performed multi-state survival models to analyze the association between ozone and dynamic progression of these diseases. during follow-up, 3,555,498 participants experienced hypertension, diabetes, or CKd;656,515 experienced multimorbidity;and 792,555 died. Ozone exposure was significantly associated with incidence of the results in all transitions. The hazard ratios of each IQR (3.57 ppb) increment in ozone for the transition to incident disease were 1.016 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.014, 1.017], for the transition to death were 1.04 [95 % CI: 1.036, 1.043], for the transition to multimorbidity were 1.015 [95 % CI: 1.012, 1.017]. Furthermore, with each IQR increase of ozone, the hazard ratios for transition from the disease incidence to death and from multimorbidity to death were 1.03 [95 % CI: 1.026, 1.033] and 1.007 [95 % CI: 1.002, 1.013], respectively. Our results suggest long-term exposure to ozone might be an important determinant for the incidence and dynamic progression of hypertension, diabetes, and CKd in Taiwan. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Health insurance

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Influence of bonding variance on electron affinity in graphene quantum dot-barium titanate nanocomposites for drug delivery system

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FlatChem 2024年 47卷

作者： Lin, Jung-Hua Chen, Li Cho, Er-Chieh Lee, Kuen-Chan Department of Science Education National Taipei University of Education Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Cancer Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University

Although chemotherapy remains a prevalent option in cancer treatment, its adverse effects on normal cells and suboptimal pharmacokinetics often limits its effectiveness. To address these challenges, this study successfully developed a new multifunctional drug delivery system comprising a covalent composite of graphene quantum dots and barium titanate nanoparticles. Notably, despite numerous reports on the surface modification of graphene quantum dots, studies focusing on cancer cell inhibition via different covalent bonds are scarce. To bridge this gap, this system was synthesized using eco-friendly esterification and amidation pathways. The anticancer drug doxorubicin was employed as a model drug, and hyaluronic acid was used to encapsulate the delivery system, enhancing its sustained release capabilities. Comprehensive material characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of the system. Its high drug loading capacity and acid-sensitive release can be attributed to the unique structure of the graphene quantum dots. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations not only demonstrated the system's remarkable cancer inhibition efficacy but also accentuated the distinct impacts of the two bonding types. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve bonding affinity and electron transfer, findings that are corroborated by the experimental data. Additionally, results from animal models provide clear evidence for the potential application of this system (HA-dOX-GQd@BTNPs) in cancer therapeutics and imaging. In conclusion, this research elucidates the variances in drug carrier efficacy based on different covalent bond modifications for cancer treatment and introduces a novel drug delivery system that synergistically combines imaging and targeting capabilities. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Amidation bonding Barium titanate drug delivery system Esterification bonding Graphene quantum dots

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The effect of Zentangle on cognitive focus, emotional well-being, and stress levels: A neural perspective

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Brain and Behavior 2024年第8期14卷 e3628页

作者： Usman, Muhammad Jung, Tzzy-Ping Hsin, ding-Yun Lin, Chun-Ling International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan Institute for Neural Computation and Institute of Engineering in Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego CA United States Taipei Municipal Yangming High School Taipei City Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

Purpose: This study aimed to assess how a Zentangle intervention influences cognitive focus, emotional well-being, stress levels, and neural activity patterns across brain regions and frequency bands. Method: A cohort of 30 healthy adults, all without prior Zentangle experience, participated in this study. Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to measure their brain activity, and self-reported data were collected through questionnaires to assess subjects’ concentration levels, emotional calm, and stress and anxiety. Findings: Participants reported enhanced cognitive focus and emotional well-being, evidenced by increased self-reported concentration and emotional calmness, and reduced stress and anxiety levels during the intervention. EEG analyses revealed notable changes in neural activity patterns, including decreased delta power and increased theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands. Functional connectivity analysis also highlighted alterations in the brain's functional connectivity, suggesting potential effects on neural communication and information processing. Conclusion: This study provides compelling evidence of Zentangle's impact on EEG data, aligning it with equanimity and tranquility consistent with previous mindfulness research. These findings underscore Zentangle as an effective mindfulness practice, potentially enhancing cognitive focus and emotional well-being, and emerging as a valuable intervention for improving mental health and overall well-being. © 2024 The Author(s). Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： art therapy electroencephalography mediation mindfulness well-being Zentangle

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Understanding AdC variation by fat content effect using a dual-function MRI phantom

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European Radiology Experimental 2024年第1期8卷 19页

作者： Liu, Yi-Jui Tsai, Tung-Sheng Li, Ya-Hui Peng, Jo-Hua Chang, Hing-Chiu Peng, Hsu-Hsia Lee, Ying-Chieh Lee, Tung-Yang Liou, Chang-Hsien Lin, Tz-Feng Chew, Fatt-Yang Chou, Ruey-Hwang Juan, Chun-Jung Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Electrical and Communication Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital 199 Sec. 1 Xinglong Rd. Hsinchu County Zhubei City 302 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Master’s Program of Biomedical Informatics and Biomedical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Cheng Ching Hospital Taichung Taiwan Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Fiber and Composite Materials Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Radiology School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung 406 Taiwan Center for Molecular Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan

Background: A dual-function phantom designed to quantify the apparent diffusion coefficient (AdC) in different fat contents (FCs) and glass bead densities (GBds) to simulate the human tissues has not been documented yet. We propose a dual-function phantom to quantify the FC and to measure the AdC at different FCs and different GBds. Methods: A fat-containing diffusion phantom comprised by 30 glass-bead-containing fat-water emulsions consisting of six different FCs (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%) multiplied by five different GBds (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g/50 mL). The FC and AdC were measured by the “iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation-IQ,” IdEAL-IQ, and single-shot echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging, SS-EP-dWI, sequences, respectively. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship among the fat fraction (FF) measured by IdEAL-IQ, GBd, and AdC. Results: The AdC was significantly, negatively, and linearly associated with the FF (the linear slope ranged from -0.005 to -0.017, R² = 0.925 to 0.986, all p < 0.001). The slope of the linear relationship between the AdC and the FF, however, varied among different GBds (the higher the GBd, the lower the slope). AdCs among emulsions across different GBds and FFs were overlapped. Emulsions with low GBds plus high FFs shared a same lower AdC range with those with median or high GBds plus median or lower FFs. Conclusions: A novel dual-function phantom simulating the human tissues allowed to quantify the influence of FC and GBd on AdC. Relevance statement: The study developed an innovative dual-function MRI phantom to explore the impact of FC on AdC variation that can affect clinical results. The results revealed the superimposed effect on FF and GBd density on AdC measurements. Key points: • A dual-function phantom made of glass bead density (GBd) and fat fraction (FF) emulsion has been developed. • Apparent diffusion coefficient (AdC) values

关键词： Adipose tissue diffusion magnetic resonance imaging phantoms (imaging) Quality assurance (healthcare) Quality control

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