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An Improvement of Three-Factor Remote User Authentication Protocol Using ECC

International Journal of Network Security 2024年第3期26卷 528-534页

作者： Hwang, Min-Shiang Lin, Cheng-Ying Wu, Chia-Chun Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan 500 Lioufeng Rd. Wufeng Taichung Taichung 41354 Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Artificial Intelligence Asia University Taichung Taiwan 500 Lioufeng Rd. Wufeng Taichung Taichung 41354 Taiwan Kinmen892 Taiwan

With the development of the Internet, many patients’ private medical data are maliciously stolen by attackers. Therefore, Liu et al. proposed an improved ECC-based three-factor user authentication scheme. The main advantage of their scheme is that it provides the same or better security than other schemes using more secondary keys. However, this article will show that Liu et al.’s scheme is vulnerable to denial of service attacks. In addition, their protocol uses public key cryptography, which is inefficient. Finally, the method is not immune to counterfeit smart card attacks. In this paper, we also improve their protocol from the perspective of practicality and security. © (2024), (International Journal of Network Security). All rights reserved.

关键词： Authentication

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Short-Chain dense Brush Pegylation on Rigid Nanocarriers Overcomes Anti-Peg Antibody Recognition for Immune-Stealth drug delivery

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Chen, Ting-Yu Chang, Chi-Yuan Wen, Ting-Chun Xu, Li Lin, Yu-Han Peng, Cheng-Liang Yeh, Yi-Qi Chen, Chueh-Hsuan Chuang, Kuo-Hsiang Wu, Si-Han Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Isotope Application National Atomic Research Institute Taoyuan Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu30076 Taiwan Research Center for Applied Science Academia Sinica Taiwan PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan

The immunogenicity of polyethylene glycol (PEG) remains a critical challenge in nanomedicine, as pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies can compromise therapeutic efficacy through accelerated blood clearance (ABC) and life-threatening hypersensitivity. Here, we address this challenge by engineering the PEG architecture, creating short-chain dense brush PEGylation (PEG500) on rigid mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). Unlike conventional PEG2000-liposomes, MSN-PEG500 evades antibodies via three synergistic mechanisms: (1) short-chain PEG500 reduces epitope accessibility, (2) high grafting density (4.43 chains/nm2, according to TGA) forms an dense steric shield, and (3) the rigid silica surface prevents PEG burial. ELISA studies demonstrated that, at equivalent nanoparticle concentrations, MSN-PEG500 exhibits a 26-fold reduction in anti-PEG IgG (6.3) binding and a 1000-fold reduction in anti-PEG IgM (AGP3) binding compared to Lipodox (PEG2000), both of which target the PEG backbone. Furthermore, radiolabeled MSN-PEG500 achieved prolonged circulation and 25% tumor accumulation (Id/g) at 24 hours. In strongly immunized mice, doxorubicin-loaded MSN-PEG500 preserved therapeutic efficacy and 100% survival, whereas Lipodox induced fatal hypersensitivity. Mechanistic investigations revealed that complement activation drives PEG2000 immunotoxicity, and pretreatment with the C3 inhibitor compstatin effectively mitigated temperature drops from 10°C to 2°C in immunized hosts. By demonstrating that nanoscale control of polymer conformation dictates immunological fate, this work provides a clinically translatable blueprint for developing immune-evasive nanomedicines. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silica nanoparticles

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Biomechanical comparisons of dynamic fixators with rod-rod and screw-spacer joints on lumbar hybrid fixation

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Clinical Biomechanics 2023年 104卷 105943-105943页

作者： Xu, Yu-Kun Weng, Pei-Wei Chen, Shih-Hao Lin, Shang-Chih Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Research Center of Biomedical Device Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Tzu Chi General Hospital at Taichung and Tzu Chi University Taiwan

Background: Hybrid fixators with quite different joint design concepts have been widely to suppress adjacent segment degeneration problems. The kinematic and kinetic responses of the adjacent and transition segments and contact behaviors at the bone-screw interfaces served as the objective of this study. Methods: The moderately degenerated L4/L5 and mildly degenerative L3/L4 segments were respectively immobilized by a static fixator and further bridged by the rod-rod (Isobar) and screw-spacer (dynesys) fixator. The joint stiffness and mobility of the rod-rod system and the cable pretension of the screw-spacer system were systematically varied. Findings: The flexion of the screw-spacer system provided higher mobility to the transition segment, reducing adjacent-segment problems. The cable pretension had a minor effect on the construct behavior. However, due to limited joint mobility, the rod-rod system showed higher constraints to the transition segment and induced more adjacent-segment compensations. The increased mobility of the rod-rod joint caused it to behave as a more dynamic fixator that increased adjacent-segment compensations at the transition segment. Comparatively, increasing the joint mobility showed more significant effects on the construct behaviors than decreasing the joint stiffness. Furthermore, increased constraint by the rod-rod joint induced higher stress and risk of loosening at the bone-screw interfaces Interpretation: If the protection of the transition segment is the major concern, the rod-rod system can be used to constrain the intervertebral motion and share the higher loads through the fixator. Otherwise, the screw-spacer system is recommended in situations where higher loads onto the transition disc are allowable. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Screws

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Iron carbonyl polymer microspheres for simultaneously high-speed adsorption and desorption of dye-emulsified micelles with frequency manipulation under an alternating electric field

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Chemical engineering Journal 2023年 469卷

作者： Wang, Yu-Xiang Chang, Chi-Jung Lu, Chien-Hsing Chen, Jem-Kun Department of Materials Science and Engineering Taiwan Building Technology Center National Taiwan University of Science and Technology 43 Sec. 4 Keelung Road Taipei10607 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Feng Chia University 100 Wenhwa Road Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine and Rong-Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine National Chung-Hsing University Taichung940227 Taiwan

developing a versatile methodology for high-speed water purification is critical for environmental and water source protection. Traditional adsorption and desorption were determined based on the concentration gradients. Herein, a versatile methodology is reported based on the simple application of an alternating electric field (AEF) on a system including dye-emulsified micelles (dEM) and adsorbents that simultaneously exhibit high-speed adsorption and desorption of dEM by frequency manipulation. Iron carbonyl polymers are incorporated into polystyrene microspheres (PMs) to generate iron carbonyl polystyrene microspheres (ICPMs) as adsorbents, which can vary the affinity with dEM and dielectric properties simultaneously. Both the dEM and microspheres were polarized under the AEF and generated electric dipole moments that could rapidly assemble the dEM and microspheres. Compared with the adsorption through the concentration gradient, the adsorption rate of dEM was enhanced significantly in the presence of an AEF of 20 V at 150 kHz of frequency because of the effect of particle assembly. At 1000 kHz of frequency, the alternative high-speed change between electrostatic attraction and repulsion hindered the adsorption of the dyes, which could also enhance the desorption rate. The ICPMs could be recycled 10 times within 20 min with frequency manipulation in the presence of AEF. This versatile methodology could provide novel insights into the development of high-speed water purification techniques. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Polystyrenes

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Self-driven directional polypyrrole-polyethyleneimine nanopigment-infused medical textiles with potential asymmetrical ionic convection and biological effects for follicle restoration

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Journal of Polymer Research 2023年第11期30卷 403-403页

作者： Chuang, Sih-Chi Yu, Shih-An Hung, Pei-Chia Chiang, Chih-Wei Su, Wen-Ta Jheng, Pei-Ru Huang, Wei-Yung Hao, Ping-Chien Liang, Jia Wei Lin, Yung-Wei Fang, Hsu-Wei Chuang, Er-Yuan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Hsuan Chen Technology Co. Ltd. New Taipei22055 Taiwan Bone and Joint Research Center Department of Orthopedics Taipei Medical University Hospital School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Urology Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei11696 Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital Taipei11696 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan

Hair loss is one of the most common and distressing conditions that can be traumatic for an individual. Many non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments for hair loss have been developed. However, serious side effects or limitations in terms of the hair regeneration potential still exist. One of the non-pharmacological treatments, biophysical stimulation, has shown promise in hair regeneration. Nevertheless, the associated discomfort and the need for external components such as an electrical power supply pose challenges to its widespread use. In this study, we present an innovative cationic fabric that utilizes repeatable asymmetrical ionic flow of a physiological fluid to internally stimulate hair follicles and skin. Characterization, ultrasonic, biochemical, and histological experiments were conducted. The use of this developed treatment significantly increased expressions of heat shock proteins and potentially improved immunoregulation in the skin, as well as increased the number of hair follicles in skin defect animals, with no adverse risks. © 2023, The Polymer Society, Taipei.

关键词： Proteins

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Unveiling Multivariate EEG Features: A Novel Approach to Enhancing AdHd diagnosis Through Visual and Auditory Attention Tests

Unveiling Multivariate EEG Features: A Novel Approach to Enh...

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International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and it's Applications (iFUZZY)

作者： Zuo-Cian Fan Ro-Wei Lin Ching-Shu Tsai Wen-Jiun Chou Chia-Jung Li Zih-Jun Huang Bin-Yu Shih Liang-Jen Wang Li-Wei Ko Department of Biological Science & Technology Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B) College of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospit Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

We sought to revolutionize the classification of Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (AdHd) by pioneering an innovative approach that seamlessly integrated auditory and visual tests with electroencephalogram (EEG) coherence analysis, forming the foundation for our Support Vector Machine (SVM) models. Our primary objective was to achieve precise differentiation between individuals with AdHd and those without, aiming to reshape the landscape of AdHd diagnosis and early intervention. We constructed an SVM model based on CATA coherence, incorporating a carefully selected set of 180 features, and another grounded in CPT coherence with 70 features. Astonishingly, our exploration uncovered that a model incorporating CATA's coherence and Power Spectral density (PSd) as features achieved an astounding accuracy rate of 97.7%, using only half the number of features. This revelation hints at untapped potential for multivariate advancements in the realm of AdHd classification. The landscape of AdHd diagnosis and intervention is perpetually evolving, most notably with the FdA's approval of game therapy for AdHd. Leveraging the transformative power of our findings, we envision the development of user-friendly game therapies for in-home use, empowering both clinicians and parents alike. This marks a paradigm shift in the realm of AdHd intervention, offering objective, data-driven tools for the early management of AdHd. Gamified therapy not only enhances accessibility but also fosters engagement and compliance, all of which are pivotal in the long-term care of individuals with AdHd. In summary, our study represents a significant advancement in our comprehension and classification of AdHd. By fusing auditory and visual tests with EEG coherence analysis, fortified by state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, we have achieved an unprecedented level of accuracy in identifying individuals with AdHd. Our findings, aligned with the FdA-approved game therapy, offer a glimpse into a

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Comparison of Acrylic Acid and Acetic Acid Precursors for a Remote Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Carboxylic Acid Groups Immobilisation and Antibacterial Coatings

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chen, Wei-Yu Chu, Teng-Ping Lee, Jui-Sheng An, Ta-Chung Chang, Li-Chun Lee, Jyh-Wei Yang, Mu-Rong Aliasghari, Sepideh Matthews, Allan Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Plasma and Thin Film Technology Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Raw Materials and Fibers Taiwan Textile Research Institute New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Taipei Taiwan Henry Royce Institute Department of Materials University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom

Processes involving the incorporation of carboxylic acid functional groups onto surfaces have found extensive application across a range of materials. These applications encompass the creation of antibacterial coatings, enhancement of biocompatibility, modulation of surface wettability, utilization in environmental engineering filters, and optimization of interfacial adhesion between fillers and matrices in composite materials. Within the area of biomedical engineering, there is a growing interest in utilizing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a scaffold material for biomaterials. However, the hydrophobic and inert nature of PET surfaces poses a challenge in enhancing their antibacterial properties. Addressing these concerns, this study has introduced an inventive and environmentally friendly approach through the development of a specialized remote atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) system. Acrylic acid (AAc) or acetic acid (AA) were employed as precursors within this system to introduce carboxylic acid functional groups onto the surface of PET. This surface functionalization aims to swiftly and efficiently modify PET surfaces without causing harm to the substrate. The study presents a comprehensive analysis of the wettability, hydrophilicity stability, surface elemental composition, and antibacterial efficacy of PET surfaces functionalized using AAc-APP and AA-APP methods. The findings demonstrate that employing AAc as the precursor in remote APP functionalization leads to a PET surface that is significantly more hydrophilic (reducing contact angle from 74.39±2.58° to 23.25±0.60°) and enduringly stable. This is accompanied by the presence of carboxylic acid functional groups on the surface. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acetic acid

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doping ratio between ZnO/MgO tunes antimicrobial, osteogenic, and anti-osteoclast activity of CaO-MgO-ZnO-SiO2 bioactive glass-ceramics

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Hung, Guan-Yi Xia, Yun-Ze Chen, Pin-Yi Lai, Po-Liang Feng, Kuei-Chih Tu, Chi-Shun Cheng, I.-C. Wang, Chi-Yun International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Department of Physics Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City24205 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Ming-Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Bone and Joint Research Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan City33305 Taiwan College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan City33305 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Chang Gung University Taoyuan City33305 Taiwan Research Center for Intelligent Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan

Limitations such as donor site morbidity hamper autologous bone grafts. On the other hand, allogeneic grafts, sourced from cadavers, pose risks of viral transmission and rejection. While hydroxyapatite is a prevalent synthetic graft material, antibiotic-laden fillers addressing infection face challenges with antibiotic-resistant pathogens, driving the emergence of nonantibiotic materials to combat persistent bone infections. Bioactive glass is a potential bone void filler superior to hydroxyapatite. Thus, to improve the antibacterial efficacy and bioactivity, we adjusted the doping ratio of the novel CaO-(1-x) MgO-(x) ZnO-SiO2 glass-ceramics (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1). Using XRd, we found a typical amorphous structure alongside polycrystalline diopside (CaMgSi2O6), hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7), and petedunnite (CaZnSi2O6) formations. Raman spectroscopy revealed the silicate-glass matrix structure in all the Zn(100x) glass-ceramics and confirmed that the Zn ions replaced the Mg ions. Zn-doped glass-ceramics promoted apatite layer formation and had greater antibacterial efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus. Zn25 glass-ceramic were biocompatible with L929 and MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, Zn25 glass-ceramic promoted bone cell mineralization and reduced osteoclast formation without affecting ALP activity. In vivo, the Zn25 glass-ceramic exhibited greater osteointegration ability than the HAP and Zn0 glass-ceramic. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that bioactive glass-ceramics with a doping ratio between ZnO and MgO (25:75) can enhance antibacterial and osteogenic activity while impeding osteoclastogenic activity. © 2025

关键词： Escherichia coli

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Intrinsic synaptic plasticity of ferroelectric field effect transistors for online learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Saha, Arnob Nafiul Islam, A.N.M. Zhao, Zijian deng, Shan Ni, Kai Sengupta, Abhronil School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Microsystems Engineering Ph.D. program Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY14623 United States

Nanoelectronic devices emulating neuro-synaptic functionalities through their intrinsic physics at low operating energies is imperative toward the realization of brain-like neuromorphic computers. In this work, we leverage the non-linear voltage dependent partial polarization switching of a ferroelectric field effect transistor to mimic plasticity characteristics of biological synapses. We provide experimental measurements of the synaptic characteristics for a 28nm high-k metal gate technology based device and develop an experimentally calibrated device model for large-scale system performance prediction. decoupled read-write paths, ultra-low programming energies and the possibility of arranging such devices in a cross-point architecture demonstrate the synaptic efficacy of the device. Our hardware-algorithm co-design analysis reveals that the intrinsic plasticity of the ferroelectric devices has potential to enable unsupervised local learning in edge devices with limited training data. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： E-learning

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Investigating Neural Network-Based deep Learning Strategies for Real-Time data Analysis in Machine Learning

Investigating Neural Network-Based Deep Learning Strategies ...

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International Conference on Power Energy, Environment and Intelligent Control (PEEIC)

作者： Suchita Walke Mounika Nalluri Lavanya R Aruna Sri Rongali Hrishikesh Bhanudas Vanjari Ritu Computer Engineering pillai collage of Engg and Technology Mumbai University India Masters in Computer Information Systems Murray State University USA ECE Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology India Graduate Doctoral Information Technology/Graduate (Information Technology Emphasis/Information Technology Ph.D.) University of The Cumberlands US E &TC Engineering Dept BVCOE Lavale SPPU Pune Maharashtra India Management Maharishi Markandeshwar(deemed to be university) Ambala Haryana

there are numerous distinct strategies and techniques that fall under the huge class of neural network-primarily based deep gaining knowledge of in device getting to know. those strategies revolve around developing and schooling synthetic neural networks, that are computational models that mimic the capabilities and structure of the human brain, to analyze huge datasets and make predictions or decisions based totally on the *** of the key challenges in actual-time information analysis is being capable of method incoming information fast and efficiently, as well as adapt to converting data styles or sudden occasions. traditional device learning algorithms are frequently restricted in their ability to deal with these demanding situations, that is in which deep gaining knowledge of techniques are available *** getting to know techniques contain education neural networks with a couple of layers, every of which strategies one-of-a-kind aspects of the data. This lets in for greater complex and accurate evaluation of the facts, in addition to the potential to handle larger and more numerous datasets. One famous method in deep studying is known as convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Those networks are specifically properly-suitable for studying visual information, including snap shots, by means of breaking down the data into smaller parts and studying them at one of a kind ranges of abstraction. This permits for the identification of patterns and features in the data which could then be used for category or prediction responsibilities.

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