By the semipolar blue single GaN μ-LEd and blended Ir(piq)2(acac) + CC-MP5 polymer thin film color converter, a high-speed white-light μ-LEd-based system is built up for the applications of short-distance VLC. The c...
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作者:
Zheng GongJangguen LeeHyunwoo JinMember
Ph.D. Student Civil and Environmental Engineering Korean National University of Science & Technology (UST KICT School) Gyeonggi-do 10233 Korea Member
Professor Dept. of Future and Smart Construction Research Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) Gyeonggi-do 10233 Korea Member
Researcher Dept. of Future and Smart Construction Research Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) Gyeonggi-do 10233 Korea
Building on permafrost necessitates a comprehensive assessment of frost heave, which can be evaluated using standardized testing methodologies. The Japanese Geotechnical Society (JGS) has developed a frost heave testi...
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Building on permafrost necessitates a comprehensive assessment of frost heave, which can be evaluated using standardized testing methodologies. The Japanese Geotechnical Society (JGS) has developed a frost heave testing method that offers efficiency in specimen preparation and methodological rigor. However, uncertainties in determining frost heave rates persist. This study investigates frost heave behavior under various boundary temperature conditions using soil samples with differing frost heave susceptibilities, while comprehensively reviewing the JGS experimental methodology. By evaluating frost heave behavior according to the JGS standard with a temperature control unit, this study aims to enhance reliability through internal temperature monitoring and cross-checking key parameters. The methodology for calculating frost heave rates was refined, focusing on an optimal evaluation period within the 10 to 20-hour range. Results indicate that controlling freezing rates and experimental time is crucial to align with JGS requirements. This study provides additional guidance to determine frost heave rates, proposing a refined 20-hour freezing duration to improve the efficiency, certainty, and consistency of frost heave testing. The findings highlight the importance of precise boundary conditions control and key parameters including freezing rate, freezing time, frost heave ratio, and bottom freezing speeddetermination in the JGS test method, providing a more reliable framework for engineering assessments.
There is considerable interest in applying polylactic acid (PLA) nonwoven as a scaffold in biomaterials due to its porous structure, biodegradability, favourable mechanical properties and renewable nature. However, th...
There is considerable interest in applying polylactic acid (PLA) nonwoven as a scaffold in biomaterials due to its porous structure, biodegradability, favourable mechanical properties and renewable nature. However, the chemically inert and hydrophobic surface of PLA limits its biocompatibility and poses challenges to improving its antibacterial ability through modification for inhibiting postoperative infection. In addition, PLA nonwoven is sensitive to most chemical methods for both functionalization and sterilisation. To tackle these issues without impairing PLA nonwovens, a tailored atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) system along with a hybrid precursor of acrylic acid and silver nitrate was designed and employed for surface functionalization. In this system, electrons and reactive species createdduring the APP process were utilised for reducing silver nanoparticles from the hybrid precursor. By performing APP polymerization and reduction simultaneously, we prepared a silver nanoparticle-embedded and carboxyl-rich polymerized film was prepared anddeposited on the PLA nonwoven surface. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the wettability, hydrophilicity stability, surface elemental composition, biocompatibility and antibacterial efficacy of the PLA nonwoven surface functionalized by the proposed APP method. Compared to conventional methods, this process is capable of immobilising a higher percentage of carboxyl functional groups with improved efficiency in enhancing antibacterial properties.
Background: The efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for treating shoulder calcific tendinitis can be influenced by various prognostic factors. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors associated...
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Background: The efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for treating shoulder calcific tendinitis can be influenced by various prognostic factors. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors associated with the failure of ESWT for symptom relief and to evaluate the predictive capability of the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm of artificial intelligence techniques in this context. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients with persistent shoulder pain attributed to calcific tendinitis who underwent ESWT after failed conservative treatment between January 1998 anddecember 2022. Age, sex, duration of symptoms, calcification classification and size, pre-ESWT visual analog scale (VAS), and pre-ESWT Constant-Murley score (CMS) served as potential input attributes. The difference in VAS and CMS were defined as the output attributes. The XGBoost model was used to predict treatment outcomes based on these factors. The dataset was balanced using the synthetic minority oversampling technique, and the model's performance was assessed using 10-fold cross-validation. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis was adopted to explore the relationships between significant continuous input attributes and post-ESWT VAS and CMS scores. Results: A total of 296 patients with calcific tendinitis were enrolled and completed the 1-year follow-up. The findings revealed that a prolonged symptom duration (>10 months), severe pain (pre-ESWT VAS >5), and higher pre-ESWT CMS (>55) were significant prognostic factors for the failure of ESWT for symptom relief. Using these factors as inputs, the XGBoost model demonstrated high accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. By reducing the input attributes to age, calcification size, pre-ESWT CMS, and symptom duration, the model maintained a high prediction rate, suggesting that these factors are sufficient for effective prediction. discussion: The present study identified significant prognostic factors asso
Objectives: To prospectively investigate associations of frailty and other predictor variables with functional recovery and health outcomes in middle-aged and older patients with trauma. design: Single-center prospect...
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The effectiveness of digital content in promoting sustainable recycling, reusing, and reducing behaviors is largely unknown. This research used a sequential mixed-method approach to unearth the efficacy of environment...
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The effectiveness of digital content in promoting sustainable recycling, reusing, and reducing behaviors is largely unknown. This research used a sequential mixed-method approach to unearth the efficacy of environmental framing in digital content to foster recycling, reusing, and reducing practices that remain minimal. Study 1 analyzed YouTube content over four years, revealing that environmental issues were framed around legislation and climate change to encourage sustainable behavior. Study 2, a series of quasi-experiments with 320 African participants, tested the efficacy of these frames. The results of Study 1 revealed that climate change was the dominant frame used for digital journalistic practice, with 133 vodcasts, followed by environmental legislation with 89 vodcasts. The results of Study 2 suggested that climate change, global warming, and environmental legislation framing can result in enhancing emotional response and environmental knowledge that influence sustainable behavior. Theoretically, these results recognized that the message-consistent effects of digital content frames manifesting climate awareness and scientific evidence made viewers embrace sustainable behaviors.
AbstractThis narrative review explores radiomics in the broader context of liver disease research, an interdisciplinary field bridging medical imaging, oncology, anddata science. It begins with an introduction to dat...
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AbstractThis narrative review explores radiomics in the broader context of liver disease research, an interdisciplinary field bridging medical imaging, oncology, anddata science. It begins with an introduction to data analysis techniques, from foundational methods like descriptive statistics, comparative and regression analysis, and survival analysis, to advanced approaches like machine learning (ML), meta-analysis, and bioinformatics. Contextualizing these methodologies within liver disease research enhances our understanding of liver diseases. The focus is on radiomics, an emerging field, which is first placed in historical context before its applications are explained across fatty liver diseases (FLd), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancers. The role of radiomics in early detection, disease staging, and outcome prediction, particularly as a non-invasive alternative to liver biopsy, is analyzed in-depth. Current imaging modalities for liver cancer diagnosis are also examined, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Alongside radiomics, these imaging tools enable comprehensive liver assessment. Lastly, the integration of radiomics with other data types, especially genomic data, is explored, emphasizing its role in a holistic approach to liver disease management. The review concludes with a forward-looking perspective on future directions and advancements in radiomics and liver cancer research, addressing the challenges and opportunities in the field. It underscores the transformative impact of these developments on liver cancer research, patient care, personalized medicine, and clinical decision-making.
Air pollution, outdoor residential environment, indoor household characteristics, and parental mental health are potential factors associated with childdevelopment. However, few studies have simultaneously analyzed t...
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Air pollution, outdoor residential environment, indoor household characteristics, and parental mental health are potential factors associated with childdevelopment. However, few studies have simultaneously analyzed the association between the aforementioned factors and preschool child (aged 2–5 years) development. This study investigated the effects of those factors on childdevelopment and their potential modifying effects. A total of 142 participants were recruited from a birth cohort study in the Greater Taipei Area, and the evaluation was conducted at each participant's home from 2017 to 2020. Child cognitive development was assessed by psychologists using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler development and the Wechsler Preschool & Primary Scale of Intelligence. Household air pollutants, outdoor residential environment, indoor household characteristics, parental mental health, and other covariates were evaluated. Multiple regressions were used to examine the relationships between childdevelopment and covariates. Stratified analysis by child sex and parental mental health was conducted. Average indoor air pollutant levels were below Taiwan's Indoor Air Quality Standards. After adjustment for covariates, the indoor total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) level was significantly associated with poor childdevelopment (per interquartile range increase in the TVOC level was associated with a 5.1 percentile decrease in child cognitive development). Sex difference was observed for the association between TVOC exposure and childdevelopment. Living near schools, burning incense at home, purchasing new furniture, and parental anxiety were related to childdevelopment. Indoor TVOC level was associated with poor child cognitive development, specifically with the girls. Indoor and outdoor residential environment and parental anxiety interfered with childdevelopment. TVOCs should be used cautiously at home to minimize child exposure. A low-pollution living environmen
Background and purpose Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for breast cancer offers a promising alternative to conventional external beam radiotherapy by delivering high-dose radiation directly to the tumor bedduring ...
Background and purpose Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for breast cancer offers a promising alternative to conventional external beam radiotherapy by delivering high-dose radiation directly to the tumor bedduring surgery. However, accurate dosimetry is critical to ensure the safety and efficacy of this procedure. This study aimed to develop and validate a reliable dosimetry using GAFchromic EBT-3 films for precise in vivo and in vitro dosimetry during IORT. The primary objective was to verify the accuracy of absorbeddelivereddoses during IORT using GAFchromic EBT-3 films, in comparison with that of Monte Carlo simulations. Methods This observational study included 38 patients with breast cancer who underwent IORT at Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital and Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital in Taiwan. Patients were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. Using GAFchromic EBT-3 films during IORT, absorbeddoses, including the applicator surface, excision wound, and surrounding breast tissue, were measured at various critical points. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to validate the accuracy of these manufacturer-provideddata. Results The mean measureddose was 20.37 ± 0.67 Gy, which had a 1.2 % discrepancy from the planneddose of 20 Gy. dose measurements at other surrounding tissues indicated effective protection, with mean doses of 1.36 ± 0.92 Gy on the excision wound and 1.08 ± 1.18 Gy on the surrounding breast edge. Monte Carlo simulations confirmed a high level of consistency with the manufacturer's data, with an error margin of <3 %. Conclusions The use of GAFchromic EBT-3 films for dosimetry during IORT was feasible and reliable and provided an independent verification method to ensure accurate dose delivery. This study demonstrates that accurate dosimetric validation supports the clinical optimization of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT), enabling precise dose delivery while reducing exposure to surrounding healthy t
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