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Application of 3-d nonlinear wave-load and structural-response simulations in naval ship design

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 253-266页

作者： Engle, A Lin, W Salvesen, N Shin, Y Allen H. Engle:is a naval architect in the Hydrodynamic Division of the Naval Sea Systems /Command (NavSea). He received his B.S. degree in engineering scinece from the State University of New York at Buffalo in 1977 and his M.S. degree in ocean engineering from the Unviersity of Hawaii in 1979. Corrently Mr. Engle is the program director of the Navy's Hydrodynamic Loads Technology Development Program. Mr. Engle is Chairman of SNAME Panel on Hull Loadings (HS-1) and contributing member to the International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress's Committee on Dynamics. Moei-Min Lin:is a senior research scientist at the Ship technology Division of Sciences Applications International Corporation (SAIC). He received his B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the National Cheng-Kung University Taiwan in 1977 and his Ph.D. degree in ocean engineering from MIT in 1985. He is an expert in computational ship hydrodynamics. He has been the P.I. for development of the Large Amplitude Motions Program (LAMP) system. Nils Salvesen:is the manager of the Ship Technology Division of the Science Application International Corporation (SAIC).He received his B.S. and Ph.D. degree from the Development Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering of the University of Michigan in 1960 and 1966 respectively. He has more then thirty years of experience in the development of ship motion simulation and wave load prediction methods. More than twenty-five years ago he developed the original strip-theory code on which the Navy's ship motions program (SMP) is based. Yung-Sup Shin:is the principal engineer responsible for the hydrodynamic projects in the Research and Development Department of the American Bureau of Shipping New York. He received a Ph.D. degree in hydrodynamic from the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering of the University of Michigan. In the past eighteen years at ABS he has been involved in the theortical development and analysis of various marine hydrodynamic problems. In recent year

despite the limits inherent within linearized frequency-domain ship motion and wave load computer codes, strip theory has been found to provide the design community with a fairly robust, practical design tool with reasonable accuracy for most conventional displacement monohulls. However, the advent of new design concepts including multi-hulls and application of new materials as well as the push to incorporate reliability methods within surface ship structural design criteria has highlighted the need for more rigorous methods of developing a lifetime load spectrum. In this paper, a multilevel computation system for predicting ship motions and wave loads, up through and including extreme sea conditions, is presented. This system includes a traditional strip theory approach and newly developed linear and nonlinear three-dimensional time-domain methods. The new nonlinear methods are currently in the process of being validated by the U.S. Navy. The status of the current development is presented. Sample numerical results from the new nonlinear methods are compared with both linear frequency domain predictions and model tests.

关键词： Naval vessels

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USGS compiles data set for national assessment of VOCs in ground water

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GROUNd WATER MONITORING ANd REMEdIATION 1997年第4期17卷 147-157页

作者： Lapham, WW Neitzert, KM Moran, MJ Zogorski, JS Wayne W. Lapham is ground water specialist for the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program (MS 413 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr. Reston VA 20192 e-mail: wlapham.er.usgs.gov) and also coordinates the work described in this article for the VOC National Synthesis Project of the NAWQA Program. He has worked for the USGS since 1976. He has a Ph.D. degree in hydrology an M.S. degree in geology and a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering. Kathleen M. Neitzert is a computer assistant with the USGS assisting the VOC National Synthesis Project (U.S. Geological Survey 111 Kansas SW Huron SD 57350) with data base activities for the NAWQA Program. She has been with the USGS since 1983 and has a B.A. degree in secondary education from South Dakota State University. Michael J. Moran is a doctoral student in geological engineering (hydrogeology) at the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (U.S. Geological Survey 1608 Mt. View Rd. Rapid City SD 57702). He is working part-time at the USGS in Rapid City South Dakota on the assessment described in this article for the NAWQA VOC National Synthesis. John S. Zogorski is chief VOC National Synthesis Project (U.S. Geological Survey 1608 Mt. View Rd. Rapid City SD 57702 e-mail: jszogors. cr.usgs.gov) which is being completed by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the NAWQA Program. He has worked for the USGS since 1992 and previously held a variety of academic positions. His Ph.D. and M.S. degrees are from Rutgers University (environmental sciences) and B.S. degree is from Drexel University (civil engineering).

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Hot methanol extraction for the analysis of volatile organic chemicals in subsurface core samples from dover Air Force Base, delaware

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GROUNd WATER MONITORING ANd REMEdIATION 1997年第1期17卷 104-121页

作者： Ball, WP Xia, G durfee, dP Wilson, Rd Brown, MJ Mackay, dM William P. Ball is an assistant professor in the Department of Geography and environmental engineering at Johns Hopkins University (313 Ames Hall 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218). His research interests are in the physical and chemical processes that control contaminant fate in aqueous systems both in the natural environment and in engineered processes of treatment and remediation. Recent work has included both laboratory and computer modeling studies related to contaminant fate and transport in subsurface environments. Ball holds M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in environmental engineering and science from Stanford University and a B.S. degree in civil engineering from the University of Virginia. He is a registered pro-fessional engineer in the state of Virginia. Guoshou Xia is a Ph.D. candidate at Johns Hopkins University He was previously a lecturer in the Department of Civil Engineering at Southeast University in China. He received his B.S. degree in chemistry from Hefei University and his M.S. degree in environmental engineering from East China University of Chemical Technology. His current research interests are in the area ofsubsurface contaminant transport with emphasis on better understanding the nature of organic contaminant interactions with subsurface solids. Donald P. Durfee received his M.S. degree in environmental engineering from Johns Hopkins University in 1993 and is currently a Ph.D. student at Johns Hopkins. He is studying contaminant fate and transport in the subsurface and is also interested in site characterization and remediation issues. Ryan D. Wilson is a research associate and Ph.D. student in the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario. His research interests include field and modeling studies of semipassive remediation technologies and the behavior of gaseous tracers. Wilson received his B.Sc. in geology from the University of Alberta in 1987 and his M.Sc. in earth sciences (hydrogeology) from the University of Waterloo in 1993. Michael J. Br

The evaluation of contaminant concentrations in ground water and soil is an essential aspect of most hazardous waste remedial investigations. This paper describes methods applied toward obtaining, preserving, and analyzing subsurface samples for the determination of VOC concentrations in the saturated region of an unconfined coastal plain aquifer at dover Air Force Base (dAFB), delaware. The described protocol involved headspace-free subsampling of cores, field preservation of subsamples in methanol, and overnight extraction of the VOCs at elevated temperature (70 degrees C). Methanol-extracted compounds were subsequently transferred to hexane and analyzed by gas chromatography. The method was found to achieve quantitative extraction from the aquifer sands in a single step, although extraction from fine-grained and more strongly sorbing aquitard samples required multiple methanol extractions to achieve comparable recovery. An extensive set of dAFB results is presented as an indication of how these methods can be applied toward characterizing field-scale contamination with a high degree of resolution and accuracy. These data have enabled a quantitative estimate of the contaminant distribution at this site and offer valuable insight into processes of contaminant migration into the underlying aquitard. In these regards, the methods used are believed to have provided much more accurate results than could have been obtained using more commonly applied techniques.

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Tropism-based cognition for the interpretation of context-dependent gestures

Tropism-based cognition for the interpretation of context-de...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： R.M. Voyles A. Agah P.K. Khosla G.A. Bekey Robotics Ph.D. Program Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Bio Robotics Division Mechanical Engineering Laboratory Tsukuba Japan Department of Elect. and Comp. Eng Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Computer Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

The tropism system cognitive architecture provides an intuitive formalism for colonies of agents, either hardware or software. We present a fine-grained implementation of the architecture on a colony of software agents for the interpretation of human tactile gestures for robotic trajectory specification and modification. The fine-grained nature of the architecture and the use of the port-based object framework for agent instantiation allows the manual construction of a capable agent set that is reconfigurable and reusable across different gesture-based interaction tasks.

关键词： Cognition Cognitive robotics Shape Computer architecture Robot sensing systems Manipulators Humans Multiagent systems Robot programming Mice

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Reliability analysis of transverse stability of surface ships

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 129-140页

作者： Atua, K Ayyub, BM Khaled l. Atua:is a graduate student at the Reliability Engi-neering Program at the University of Maryland at College Park. He completed his B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1988 and completed his M.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1992 at Alexandtia University. He is also a visiting scholar in the Civil Engineering Department at the University ofMaryland at Colkge Park. He is conducting research with Dc Bilal M. Ayyub in the area of develupment of reliability-based design of ship structures and systems. He is a member ofASNE and SNAME. He has authored or coauthored several papers and reports. Bilal M. Ayyub: Ph.D. RE. is aprofssor of civil engineer-ing at the University of Maryland at College Park. He is also a researcher and consultant in the areas of structural engineering inspection methods and practices reliability and risk analysis. Dc Ayyub completed his B.S. degree in civil engineering in 1980 and completed both his M.S. (1981) and Ph.D. (1983) degrees in civil engineering at the Georgia Institute of Echnol-OD. Dc Ayyub has an extensive background in uncertainty modeling and analysis risk-based analysis and design simula-ion and marine structural reliability. He is engaged in research work involving structural reliability marine structures uncer-tainty modeling and analysis and mathematical modeling using the theories of probability statistics and fuzzy sets. He has completed several research projects that were funded by the National Science Foundation the U S. Coast Guard the U.S. Navy the U.S. Department of Defense the U.S. Army crops of Engineers the Maryland State Highway Administration the American Society ofMechanica1 Engineers and several engi-neering companies. Dc Ayyub served the engineering communio in various capacities through societies that include ASNE ASCE ASME SNAME IEEE-CS and NMIPS. He is a member ofthe ASME Research Committee of Risk Ethnology and the ASME Committee on Human Factors. Currently he is the chai

An introduction to a rational development of transverse stability criteria for surface ships is presented in this paper. The development is based on a probabilistic analysis of the uncertainties associated with the design parameters involved in determining the transverse stability. Reliability methods are used for assessing and determining transverse stability of ships. These reliability methods address the uncertainties associated with the basic design variables that are involved in stability assessment and design. The sources of uncertainty in stability variables are presented, uncertainties associated with these basic random variables are summarized, different reliability assessment methods are described, a case study that shows the computation procedure using some of these methods is discussed for illustration purposes, and finally, conclusions and recommendations for further work in this area are presented.

关键词： Naval vessels

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Empirical testing: The prototyper's evaluation mechanism

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第1期109卷 41-46页

作者： Hafner, AN Arnold N. Hafner Ph.D.:is founder and president of Information Systems Research (ISR). He has twenty-five years of experience in systems development and is published in the field of systems development management. He served as corporate research scientist at Systems Exploration Inc. from 1988 to 1991 program director at Computer Science Corporation from 1983 to 1988 director of operations at Republic Management Systems Corporation from 1981 to 1983 and program manager at Computer Science Corporation from 1972 to 1981. A 1962 graduate of the US. Naval Academy he holds a doctoral degree in human behavior and engineering degrees in electronics and communications. He has taught courses on information systems and systems management at most of the colleges in the San Diego area. Dr. Hafner has presented fourteen refereed research papers while publishing sixteen articles and a book A Manager's Guide to Software System Development.

Evaluating complex systems is the subject of this paper, the third in a series investigating prototyping. It provides an interesting and helpful overview of how to evaluate systems prototypes and outlines the iterative stream of developer-user interactions that is replacing older approaches to testing and evaluating new military systems, which promise to reduce the time required to develop and field future military capabilities. Changes to the acquisition process, such as those the paper sketches, will facilitate the nation's rapid transit through its current revolution in military affairs.

关键词： Systems analysis

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Hydroelastic considerations in ship panel design

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 61-66页

作者： McCormick, ME Bhattacharyya, R Mouring, SE Dr. Michael E. McCormick:is a research professor of civil engineering at The Johns Hopkins University. Before joining the Hopkins faculty in 1994 he was a professor of ocean engineering for twenty-five years at the U.S. Naval Academy. In addition he has held full-time faculty positions at Swarthmore College Trinity College (Hartford) and the Catholic University of America. He was also a hydrodynamicist at the David Taylor Model Basin for more than four years. Prof. McCormick received his undergraduate degree in mathematics and physics from AmericanUniversity a masters degree in applied mechanics and a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Catholic University a Ph.D. in civil engineering and a Sc.D. in engineering science from Trinity College in Dublin Ireland. He has over 100 publications including two books in the areas of ocean engineering wave mechanics and ocean wave energy conversion. He has also edited two books dealing with ocean engineering. In addition he is co-editor of both the journal Ocean Engineering and the Elsevier book series in ocean engineering. Dr. Rameswar Bhattacharyya:is professor of naval architecture at the U.S. Naval Academy where he has served for twenty-six years and adjunct professor of mechanical engineering at The Johns Hopkins University. Prior to joining the Naval Academy faculty he was a faculty member in the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at the University of Michigan. His research experience includes ten years at both the Lubecker Flender-Werke and the Hamburg Ship Model Basin in Germany. His research has led to numerous publications including two books one in the area of ship dynamics and the other in the area of computer-aided ship design. Prof. Bhattacharyya received his undergraduate degree in naval architecture from the Indian Institute of Technology and his doctorate in engineering from the Technical University of Hanover Germany. In addition he holds an honorary doctorate from the University of Veracruz. With Prof. McCormick he co

Panels and all other structural components of surface ships and submarines vibrate when the vessel is underway. The vibratory motions are primarily excited by the power plant. At operational (design) speeds, panels vibrate in their fundamental modes and those associated with their higher harmonic frequencies. The panel motions have rather well-defined energy spectra, which depend on both the structural design, position of the panel and the rotational speed of the single or multiple power plants. The panel motions will interact with the vortices in the adjacent turbulent boundary layer. The interaction can result in either an increase in the frictional drag or a decrease. Because of this, the argument is made that the designs of the panels and their support systems should include considerations of this hydroelastic effect.

关键词： Naval architecture

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developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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design decision support system for the engineering/re-engineering of complex naval systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第4期109卷 23-33页

作者： Graham, JH Ragade, RK Shea, J James H. Graham:is the Henry Vogt Professor of computer science and engineering at the University of Louisville. Previous professional employment includes positions at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and General Motors Corporation. He received his master's and doctoral degrees at Purdue University and his bachelor's degree at Rose-Hulman Institute of Ethnology. His research interests include artificial intelligence robotics and paraliel computing. Rammohan K. Ragade:is professor of engineering mathematics and computer science at the University of Louisville. He received his Ph.D. from the Indian Institute of Technology at Kampur in 1968. He has been a faculty member at the University of Waterloo and held an engineering position with Bell Northern Research. His research interests include human-computer interaction decision support systems object-oriented simulation and modeling distributed database systems and fuzzy logic. John G. Shea Jr.:served until 1995 as a project manager in the Phalanx Engineering Section of Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division Louisville Station. He received his bachelor's and master's degrees from the Speed Scientific School at the University of Louisville. He was a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers.

Hybrid simulation includes both functional computer software models and actual hardware subsystems operating as an integrated whole. A ''hot test bed'' or a ''hybrid simulator-emulator'' enables design engineers to evaluate conceptual models in a more realistic real-lime context, but places increased cognitive demands on the designer. This paper describes an architecture, and results from a prototype implementation, for a design decision support system to allow a designer to make more productive and cost effective use of a test bed system.

关键词： decision support systems

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Operational systems, logistics engineering and technology insertion

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 205-220页

作者： Grubb, MJ Skolnick, A Michael J. Grubb:has perfomzed naval engineering at the Crane Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) for more than twenty-five years. He currently the program manager for the Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practice Program (SHARP). is a Navy-wide logistics research and development prgram aimed at the successful transiton of proved technologies inot the fleet. SHARP focuses on reducing acquisition performance capability reliability maintainability and readiness of these systems. Mr. Grubb has served as a department director for the past eleven years. His most recent assignment was as director of the Tactical Computer Resources and Test Equipment Department. This organization provided acquisition and in-service engineering support of the Navy's tectical embedded computers priphirals displays and mass memory storage devices. The organization also provided a complete range of product engineering and metrology engineerig services for SSP NevSeaSysCom and the Trident Program. Prior to this appointment Mr. Grubb was deptuy director psysical security programs department and site responsible for program management and system integration of ashore integrated security systems. Mr. Grubb holds a B.S. degree in industrial engineering from Iowa State Universtiy an M.S. degree in industrial engineering from Purdue University and has copleted the course work (Dec.'96 for a master's degree in public and environment affairs at Indiana University-Purdue Univeristy Indianapolis. Dr. Alfred Skolnick operates System Science Consultants (SSC) specilizing in strategic planning technical program definiton technology assessment and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. He has taught physics mathematics and management sciences at University of Virginia and Marymount University and is currently adjunct professor of mathematics at Northern Virginia Community College. Form 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Noval Engineers. Dr. Skolnick served at Applied Physic

In an era of fiscal austerity, downsizing and unforgiving pressure upon human and economic capital, it is an Augean task to identify resources for fresh and creative work. The realities of the day and the practical demands of more immediate fleet needs can often dictate higher priorities. Yet, the Navy must avoid eating its seed corn. Exercising both technical insight and management foresight, the fleet, the R&d community, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OpNav) and the product engineering expertise of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) are joined and underway with integrated efforts to marry new, fully demonstrated technologies and operational urgencies. defense funding today cannot sponsor all work that can be mission-justified over the long term because budgets are insufficient to support product maturation within the classical development cycle. However, by rigorous technical filtering and astute engineering of both marketplace capabilities and currently available components, it is possible in a few select cases to compress and, in effect, integrate advanced development (6.3), engineering development (6.4), weapon procurement (WPN), ship construction (SCN), operation and maintenance (O&M,N) budgetary categories when fleet criticalities and technology opportunities can happily meet. In short, 6.3 funds can be applied directly to ''ripe gateways'' so modern technology is inserted into existing troubled or aging systems, sidestepping the lengthy, traditional development cycle and accelerating practical payoffs to recurrent fleet problems. To produce such constructive results has required a remarkable convergence of sponsor prescience and engineering workforce excellence. The paper describes, extensively, the philosophy of approach, transition strategy, polling of fleet needs, technology assessment, and management team requirements. The process for culling and selecting specific candidate tasks for SHARP sponsorship (matching operational need with t

关键词： Naval vessels

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