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Genome-based characterization of conjugative IncHI1B plasmid carrying carbapenemase genes bla VIM-1 , bla IMP-23 , and truncated bla OXA-256 in Klebsiella pneumoniae NTU107224

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Infection, Genetics and Evolution 2023年 110卷

作者： Li-Li Wen Pei-Yun Kuo Tran Thi dieu Thuy Tran Thi Thuy duong Yu-Tsung Huang Po-Ren Hsueh Yu-Chen Chen Cheng-Yen Kao Graduate Institute of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Yuanpei University of Medical Technology Hsinchu City Taiwan Institute of Microbiology and Immunology College of Life Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program for Aging School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine China Medical University Hospital School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan

The wide dissemination of plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance determinants among bacteria is a severe threat to global public health. Here, we characterized an extensively drug-resistant (XdR) Klebsiella pneumoniae NTU107224 by whole genome sequencing (WGS) in combination with phenotypic tests. Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of NTU107224 to 24 antibiotics. The whole genome sequence of NTU107224 was determined by Nanopore/Illumina hybrid genome sequencing. Conjugation assay was performed to determine the transferability of plasmids in NTU107224 to recipient K. pneumoniae 1706. Larvae infection model was used to determine the effect(s) of conjugative plasmid pNTU107224–1 on bacterial virulence. Among the 24 antibiotics tested, XdR K. pneumoniae NTU107224 had low MICs only for amikacin (≤1 μg/mL), polymyxin B (0.25 μg/mL), colistin (0.25 μg/mL), eravacycline (0.25 μg/mL), cefepime/zidebactam (1 μg/mL), omadacycline (4 μg/mL), and tigecycline (0.5 μg/mL). Whole genome sequencing showed that the closed NTU107224 genome comprises a 5,076,795-bp chromosome, a 301,404-bp plasmid named pNTU107224–1, and a 78,479-bp plasmid named pNTU107224–2. IncHI1B plasmid pNTU107224–1 contained three class 1 integrons accumulated various antimicrobial resistance genes (including carbapenemase genes bla VIM-1 , bla IMP-23 , and truncated bla OXA-256 ) and the blast results suggested the dissemination of IncHI1B plasmids in China. By day 7 after infection, larvae infected with K. pneumoniae 1706 and transconjugant had 70% and 15% survival rates, respectively. We found that the conjugative plasmid pNTU107224–1 is closely related to IncHI1B plasmids disseminated in China and contributes to the virulence and antibiotic resistance of pathogens.

关键词： Bacteremia Carbapenemase Conjugative Extensively drug-resistant Whole genome sequencing ARG Antimicrobial resistance gene CFU Colony-forming unit CRKP Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL Extended-spectrum β-lactamase MIC Minimal inhibitory concentration MLST Multi-locus sequence typing WGS Whole genome sequencing

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Lung cancer cells detection by a photoelectrochemical MoS2 biosensing chip

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Biomedical Optics Express 2024年第2期15卷 753-771页

作者： Chun-Liang Lai Riya Karmakar Arvind Mukundan Wei-Chung Chen I-Chen Wu Vladimir E. Fedorov Shih-Wei Feng Ubol Choomjinda Shu-Fang Huang Hsiang-Chen Wang Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Department of Internal Medicine Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation No. 2 Minsheng Road Dalin Chiayi 62247 Taiwan School of Medicine Tzu Chi University 701 Zhongyang Rd. Sec. 3 Hualien 97004 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS) National Chung Cheng Universityhttps://***/0028v3876 168 University Road Min Hsiung Chiayi City 62102 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan Department of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University No. 100 Tzyou 1st Rd. Sanmin Dist. Kaohsiung City 80756 Taiwan Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090 Russia Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University 1 Pirogova str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia Department of Applied Physics National University of Kaohsiung 700 Kaohsiung University Rd. Nanzih District Kaohsiung 81148 Taiwan School of Nursing Shinawatra University 99 Moo 10 Bangtoey Samkhok Pathum Thani 12160 Thailand Division of Chest Medicine Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital 2 Zhongzheng 1st. Rd. Kaohsiung City 80284 Taiwan ryanhuang1128@*** hcwang@ccu.edu.tw (hcwang@ccu.edu.tw)

This research aims to explore the potential application of this approach in the production of biosensor chips. The biosensor chip is utilized for the identification and examination of early-stage lung cancer cells. The findings of the optical microscope were corroborated by the field emission scanning electron microscopy, which provided further evidence that the growth of MoS 2 is uniform and that there is minimal disruption in the electrode, hence minimizing the likelihood of an open circuit creation. Furthermore, the bilayer structure of the produced MoS 2 has been validated through the utilization of Raman spectroscopy. A research investigation was undertaken to measure the photoelectric current generated by three various types of clinical samples containing lung cancer cells, specifically the CL1, NCI-H460, and NCI-H520 cell lines. The findings from the empirical analysis indicate that the coefficient of determination (R-Square) for the linear regression model was approximately 98%. Furthermore, the integration of a double-layer MoS 2 film resulted in a significant improvement of 38% in the photocurrent, as observed in the device's performance.

关键词： Absorption coefficient Chemical vapor deposition Optical absorption physical vapor deposition Scanning electron microscopy Thin films

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Enhancing miso production with optimized puffed-rice koji and its biological function evaluation

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Food Bioscience 2024年 60卷

作者： Lin, Shin-Ping Chou, Yu-Chieh Chen, Chiao-En Lai, Yen-Tso Hsieh, Chen-Che Tsai, Tsung-Yu Lin, Yun-Hsin Santoso, Shella Permatasari Lin, Hui-Wen Cheng, Kuan-Chen School of Food Safety Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan Research Center of Biomedical Device Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan Institute of Food Science and Technology National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4 Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Food and Nutrition Providence University 200 Sec. 7 Taiwan Boulevard Shalu Dist. Taichung 43301 Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4 Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Food Science Fu Jen Catholic University 510 Zhongzheng Rd. Xinzhuang Dist. New Taipei City 242062 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University 37 Jl. Kalijudan 37 East Java Surabaya 60114 Indonesia Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability 37 Jl. Kalijudan East Java Surabaya 60114 Indonesia Department of Optometry Asia University 500 Lioufeng Rd. Wufeng Taichung 41354 Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University 91 Hsueh-Shih Road Taichung 40402 Taiwan

In order to enhance enzyme activities of koji and further improve the health benefits and nutritional value of miso, puffed rice was used to prepare koji with optimization of fermentation utilizing response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimized puffed rice koji was used to produce miso and low-salt miso. Results showed that β-glucosidase activity increased by 1.98-fold after RSM optimization. The optimized puffed rice koji also showed the highest β-amylase and protease activities (237.1 and 968.8 units/g, respectively) compared to rice koji (108.7 and 637.4 units/g, respectively). Moreover, miso made from puffed-rice koji presented a much higher polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and aglycone conversion. These findings clarified the relationship between changes in enzyme activities in koji and the important components of miso, and also advance solid-state fermentation research and development of functional miso. © 2024

关键词： Aspergillus oryzae Koji Miso Puffed rice Solid-state fermentation β-glucosidase

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The Ni isotopic composition of Ryugu reveals a common accretion region for carbonaceous chondrites

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Spitzer, Fridolin Kleine, Thorsten Burkhardt, Christoph Hopp, Timo Yokoyama, Tetsuya Abe, Yoshinari Aléon, Jérôme Od. Alexander, Conel M. Amari, Sachiko Amelin, Yuri Bajo, Ken-Ichi Bizzarro, Martin Bouvier, Audrey Carlson, Richard W. Chaussidon, Marc Choi, Byeon-Gak dauphas, Nicolas davis, Andrew M. Rocco, Tommaso di Fujiya, Wataru Fukai, Ryota Gautam, Ikshu Haba, Makiko K. Hibiya, Yuki Hidaka, Hiroshi Homma, Hisashi Hoppe, Peter Huss, Gary R. Ichida, Kiyohiro Iizuka, Tsuyoshi Ireland, Trevor R. Ishikawa, Akira Itoh, Shoichi Kawasaki, Noriyuki Kita, Noriko T. Kitajima, Kouki Komatani, Shintaro Krot, Alexander N. Liu, Ming-Chang Masuda, Yuki Morita, Mayu Moynier, Fréderic Motomura, Kazuko Nakai, Izumi Nagashima, Kazuhide Nguyen, Ann Nittler, Larry Onose, Morihiko Pack, Andreas Park, Changkun Piani, Laurette Qin, Liping Russell, Sara S. Sakamoto, Naoya Schönbächler, Maria Tafla, Lauren Tang, Haolan Terada, Kentaro Terada, Yasuko Usui, Tomohiro Wada, Sohei Wadhwa, Meenakshi Walker, Richard J. Yamashita, Katsuyuki Yin, Qing-Zhu Yoneda, Shigekazu Young, Edward d. Yui, Hiroharu Zhang, Ai-Cheng Nakamura, Tomoki Naraoka, Hiroshi Noguchi, Takaaki Okazaki, Ryuji Sakamoto, Kanako Yabuta, Hikaru Abe, Masanao Miyazaki, Akiko Nakato, Aiko Nishimura, Masahiro Okada, Tatsuaki Yada, Toru Yogata, Kasumi Nakazawa, Satoru Saiki, Takanao Tanaka, Satoshi Terui, Fuyuto Tsuda, Yuichi Watanabe, Sei-Ichiro Yoshikawa, Makoto Tachibana, Shogo Yurimoto, Hisayoshi Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3 Göttingen37077 Germany Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8551 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Tokyo Denki University Tokyo120-8551 Japan Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie Sorbonne Université Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7590 IRD Paris75005 France Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science WashingtonDC20015 United States McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences and Physics Department Washington University 35 St. LouisMO63130 United States Geochemical Research Center The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences GD Guangzhou510640 China Departement of Natural History Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo001-0021 Japan Centre for Star and Planet Formation Globe Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen1350 Denmark Bayerisches Geoinstitut Universität Bayreuth Bayreuth95447 Germany Université Paris Cité Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris CNRS Paris75005 France Department of Earth Science Education Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of the Geophysical Sciences Enrico Fermi Institute The University of Chicago 5734 South Ellis Avenue Chicago60637 United States Faculty of Geosciences and Geography University of Göttingen GöttingenD-37077 Germany Faculty of Science Ibaraki University Mito310-8512 Japan ISAS/JSEC JAXA Sagamihara252-5210 Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Tokyo153-8904 Japan Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Kanagawa237-0061 Japan Departement of Earth and Planetary Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya464-8601 Japan Osaka Application Laboratory SBUWDX Rigaku Corporation Osaka569-1

The isotopic compositions of samples returned from Cb-type asteroid Ryugu and Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites are distinct from other carbonaceous chondrites, which has led to the suggestion that Ryugu/CI chondrites formed in a different region of the accretion disk, possibly around the orbits of Uranus and Neptune. We show that, like for Fe, Ryugu and CI chondrites also have indistinguishable Ni isotope anomalies, which differ from those of other carbonaceous chondrites. We propose that this unique Fe and Ni isotopic composition reflects different accretion efficiencies of small FeNi metal grains among the carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies. The CI chondrites incorporated these grains more efficiently, possibly because they formed at the end of the disk’s lifetime, when planetesimal formation was also triggered by photoevaporation of the disk. Isotopic variations among carbonaceous chondrites may thus reflect fractionation of distinct dust components from a common reservoir, implying CI chondrites/Ryugu may have formed in the same region of the accretion disk as other carbonaceous chondrites. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Nickel

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FUTURE-AI: International consensus guideline for trustworthy and deployable artificial intelligence in healthcare

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lekadir, Karim Feragen, Aasa Fofanah, Abdul Joseph Frangi, Alejandro F. Buyx, Alena Emelie, Anais Lara, Andrea Porras, Antonio R. Chan, An-Wen Navarro, Arcadi Glocker, Ben Botwe, Benard O. Khanal, Bishesh Beger, Brigit Wu, Carol C. Cintas, Celia Langlotz, Curtis P. Rueckert, daniel Mzurikwao, deogratias Fotiadis, dimitrios I. Zhussupov, doszhan Ferrante, Enzo Meijering, Erik Weicken, Eva González, Fabio A. Asselbergs, Folkert W. Prior, Fred Krestin, Gabriel P. Collins, Gary S. Tegenaw, Geletaw S. Kaissis, Georgios Misuraca, Gianluca Tsakou, Gianna dwivedi, Girish Kondylakis, Haridimos Jayakody, Harsha Woodruf, Henry C. Mayer, Horst Joachim Aerts, Hugo JWL Walsh, Ian Chouvarda, Ioanna Buvat, Irène Tributsch, Isabell Rekik, Islem duncan, James Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree Zahir, Jihad Park, Jinah Mongan, John Gichoya, Judy W. Schnabel, Julia A. Kushibar, Kaisar Riklund, Katrine Mori, Kensaku Marias, Kostas Amugongo, Lameck M. Fromont, Lauren A. Maier-Hein, Lena Alberich, Leonor Cerdá Rittner, Leticia phiri, Lighton Marrakchi-Kacem, Linda donoso-Bach, Lluís Martí-Bonmatí, Luis Cardoso, M. Jorge Bobowicz, Maciej Shabani, Mahsa Tsiknakis, Manolis Zuluaga, Maria A. Bielikova, Maria Fritzsche, Marie-Christine Camacho, Marina Linguraru, Marius George Wenzel, Markus de Bruijne, Marleen Tolsgaard, Martin G. Ghassemi, Marzyeh Ashrafuzzaman, Md Goisauf, Melanie Yaqub, Mohammad Abadía, Mónica Cano Mahmoud, Mukhtar M.E. Elattar, Mustafa Rieke, Nicola Papanikolaou, Nikolaos Lazrak, Noussair díaz, Oliver Salvado, Olivier Pujol, Oriol Sall, Ousmane Guevara, Pamela Gordebeke, Peter Lambin, philippe Brown, Pieta Abolmaesumi, Purang dou, Qi Lu, Qinghua Osuala, Richard Nakasi, Rose Zhou, S. Kevin Napel, Sandy Colantonio, Sara Albarqouni, Shadi Joshi, Smriti Carter, Stacy Klein, Stefan Petersen, Steffen E. Aussó, Susanna Awate, Suyash Raviv, Tammy Riklin Cook, Tessa Mutsvangwa, Tinashe E.M. Rogers, Wendy A. Niessen, Wiro J. Puig-Bosch, Xènia Zeng, Yi Mohammed, Yunusa G. Aquino, Yves Saint James Salahuddin, Zohaib Starmans, Martijn P.A. Department de Matemàtiques i Informàtica Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Barcelona Spain DTU Compute Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby Denmark Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science and Technology Milton Margai Technical University Freetown Sierra Leone Center for Computational Imaging & Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine Schools of Computing and Medicine University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Cardiovascular Science and Electronic Engineering Departments KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Faculty of Engineering of Systems Informatics and Sciences of Computing Galileo University Guatemala City Guatemala Department of Biostatistics and Informatics Colorado School of Public Health University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus AuroraCO United States Department of Medicine Women’s College Research Institute University of Toronto Toronto Canada Universitat Pompeu Fabra BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center Barcelona Spain Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical & Allied Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Midwifery & Radiography School of Health & Psychological Sciences City University of London United Kingdom Kathmandu Nepal European Heart Network Brussels Belgium Department of Thoracic Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston United States IBM Research Africa Nairobi Kenya Departments of Radiology Medicine and Biomedical Data Science Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford United States Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Munich Germany Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania United Republic of Ioannina Greece Almaty AI Lab Almaty Kazakhstan

Background: despite major advances in artificial intelligence (AI) research for healthcare, the deployment and adoption of AI technologies remain limited in clinical practice. In recent years, concerns have been raised about the clinical, technical, ethical and legal risks associated with healthcare AI. To increase adoption in the real world, it is essential that AI technologies are trusted and accepted by patients, clinicians, health organisations and authorities. This paper describes the FUTURE-AI framework as the first international consensus guideline for trustworthy AI in healthcare. Methods: The FUTURE-AI consortium was founded in 2021 and now comprises 117 interdisciplinary experts from 50 countries representing all continents, including AI scientists, clinical researchers, biomedical ethicists, and social scientists. Over a two-year period, the consortium established guiding principles and best practices for trustworthy and deployable AI through an iterative process comprising an in-depth literature review, a modified delphi survey, and online consensus meetings. Findings: The FUTURE-AI framework was established based on six guiding principles for trustworthy AI in healthcare, i.e. Fairness, Universality, Traceability, Usability, Robustness and Explainability. Through consensus, a set of 30 best practices were defined, addressing technical, clinical, socio-ethical and legal dimensions of trustworthy AI. The recommendations cover the entire lifecycle of healthcare AI, from design, development and validation to regulation, deployment, and monitoring. Interpretation: FUTURE-AI is a structured, risk-informed framework which provides guidance for constructing healthcare AI tools that will be trusted, deployed and adopted in real-world clinical practice. Researchers are encouraged to take the recommendations into account in proof-of-concept stages to facilitate future translation towards clinical practice of healthcare AI. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights

关键词： Clinical research

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RAB14 activates MAPK signaling to promote bladder tumorigenesis (vol 40, bgz039, 2019)

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CARCINOGENESIS 2019年第9期40卷 1177-1177页

作者： Chao, Haichao deng, Leihong Xu, Fanghua Fu, Bin Zhu, Zunwei dong, Zhifeng Liu, Yen-Nien Zeng, Tao Institute of Clinical Medicine Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University Nanchang P.R. China Medical Department of Graduate School Nanchang University Nanchang P.R. China Pathology Department Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University Nanchang P.R. China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang P.R. China Department of Urology Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University Nanchang P.R. China Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Bladder cancer (BC) is a fatal invasive malignancy accounting for approximately 5% of all cancer deaths in humans; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential targeted therapeutics for BC patients remain unclear. We report herein that RAB14 was overexpressed in BC tissues and cells with high metastatic potential and its abundance was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P= 0.001), a high-grade tumor stage (P= 0.009), poor differentiation (P< 0.001) and unfavorable prognoses of BC patients (P= 0.003, log-rank test). Interference by RAB14 mediated a reduction in the TWIST1 protein and inhibited cell migration and invasion (P< 0.05). Moreover, silencing RAB14 reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosisin vitroand suppressed tumorigenesis in a mouse xenograft model. We demonstrated that RAB14-promoted BC cancer development and progression were associated with activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling through upregulation of MAPK1/MAPK8 and downregulation of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 6/Src homology 2 domain containing transforming protein/Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit (FOS). We provide evidence that RAB14 acts as a tumor promoter and modulates the invasion and metastatic potential of BC cells via activating the MAPK pathway.

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design and Analysis of Filler Slab

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2020年第1期1006卷

作者： R K Mahananda Vikas Mendi R M Raveesh PG student Dept. of Civil Engineering RV College of Engineering India Assistant Professor Dept. of Civil Engineering RV College of Engineering India Ph.D. Scholar Dept. of Water Resources and Ocean Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka India

Filler slab technology is an innovative and cost effective technology where the dead load of slab is reduced by replacing the concrete with filler material. The concept behind the use of filler-slab technology is to reduce a substantial portion of concrete in the tension zone, since all the concrete in the tension zone does not contribute to the tensile properties. This concrete is replaced with lightweight, inert and inexpensive filler without compromising with the quality and structural stability of the structure. Two-way slab is designed; the filler blocks are placed between the reinforcement spacing by providing a cover of 20mm. The filler materials are granite dust and foundry sand. This filler slab is analyzed using *** and ANSYS software. Filler slab is compared with the conventional slab of same size. This study describes the Structural behavior and cost effectiveness of filler slab when compared to the standard slab.

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Identification of combinatorial mutations associated with colistin resistance in Shewanella algae

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Microbes and Infection 2023年第7期25卷 105143页

作者： Huang, Yao-Ting Mao, Yan-Chiao Tseng, Chien-Hao Liu, Chia-Wei Liu, Po-Yu Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chung Cheng University Daxue Road Section 1 Minxiong Township Chiayi County 62102 Taiwan Division of Clinical Toxicology Department of Emergency Medicine Taichung Veterans General Hospital 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Section 4 Xitun District Taichung 40705 Taiwan Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Taichung Veterans General Hospital 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Section 4 Xitun District Taichung 40705 Taiwan Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Rd South District Taichung 40227 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Rd South District Taichung 40227 Taiwan Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Rd South District Taichung 40227 Taiwan Genomic Center for Infectious Diseases Taichung Veterans General Hospital 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Section 4. Xitun District Taichung 40705 Taiwan

Colistin is a last-resort antibiotic used to treat infections caused by drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying colistin resistance in Shewanella algae are not well understood. In this study, we sequenced and compared the genomes of 23 mcr-negative colistin-resistant and sensitive S. algae samples from various sources. We applied a computational approach to identify combinatorial mutations associated with colistin resistance. Our analysis revealed a combination of three mutations (PmrB 451, PmrE168, PmrH292) that were strongly associated with colistin resistance in S. algae. This study provides insights into the genetic mechanisms of colistin resistance in S. algae and demonstrates the utility of a computational approach for identifying epistatic interactions among mutations. Identifying the genetic mutations responsible for colistin resistance in S. algae can inform the development of new treatments or strategies to combat infections caused by this emerging pathogen. © 2023 Institut Pasteur

关键词： drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria Machine learning Whole genome sequencing

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detection of preceding sleep apnea using ECG spectrogram during CPAP titration night: A novel machine-learning and bag-of-features framework

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Journal of sleep research 2024年第3期33卷 e13991页

作者： Tran Thanh duy Linh Nguyen Thi Hoang Trang Shang-Yang Lin dean Wu Wen-Te Liu Chaur-Jong Hu International Ph.D. Program of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Family Medicine Training Center University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam. Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan. Research Center of Sleep Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Neurology Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan. Department of Neurology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Sleep Center Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan. Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan. School of Respiratory Therapy College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Research Center of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a heavy health-related burden on patients and the healthcare system. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is effective in treating OSA, but adherence to it is often inadequate. A promising solution is to detect sleep apnea events in advance, and to adjust the pressure accordingly, which could improve the long-term use of CPAP treatment. The use of CPAP titration data may reflect a similar response of patients to therapy at home. Our study aimed to develop a machine-learning algorithm using retrospective electrocardiogram (ECG) data and CPAP titration to forecast sleep apnea events before they happen. We employed a support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbour (KNN), decision tree (dT), and linear discriminative analysis (LdA) to detect sleep apnea events 30-90 s in advance. Preprocessed 30 s segments were time-frequency transformed to spectrograms using continuous wavelet transform, followed by feature generation using the bag-of-features technique. Specific frequency bands of 0.5-50 Hz, 0.8-10 Hz, and 8-50 Hz were also extracted to detect the most detected band. Our results indicated that SVM outperformed KNN, LdA, and dT across frequency bands and leading time segments. The 8-50 Hz frequency band gave the best accuracy of 98.2%, and a F1-score of 0.93. Segments 60 s before sleep events seemed to exhibit better performance than other pre-OSA segments. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of detecting sleep apnea events in advance using only a single-lead ECG signal at CPAP titration, making our proposed framework a novel and promising approach to managing obstructive sleep apnea at home.

关键词： adherence bag‐of‐features machine learning sleep apnea spectrogram time‐frequency transforms

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The next frontier in antibacterial dental resins: A 20-year journey of innovation and expectations

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dental materials : official publication of the Academy of dental Materials 2025年

作者： Mary Anne S Melo Isadora Martini Garcia Tasneem Alluhaidan Masoumah Qaw Carolina Montoya Santiago Orrego Abdulrahman A Balhaddad Lamia Mokeem Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore MD 21201 USA Division of Cariology & Operative Dentistry Department of Comprehensive Dentistry University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore MD 21201 USA. Electronic address: mmelo@umaryland.edu. Division of Cariology & Operative Dentistry Department of Comprehensive Dentistry University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore MD 21201 USA. Department of Preventive Dental Sciences College of Dentistry Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia. Department of Restorative Dental Sciences College of Dentistry Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia. Department of Oral Health Sciences Kornberg School of Dentistry Temple University Philadelphia PA 19140 USA Bioengineering Department College of Engineering Temple University Philadelphia PA USA.

OBJECTIVE:dental resin composites remain fundamental in restorative dentistry, but premature failures often compromise their long-term success Secondary caries, driven by acidogenic bacteria, salivary enzymes, and mechanical stresses. These failures frequently require complete restoration replacement, leading to increased costs and further loss of healthy tooth structure. dATA:This critical review examines two decades of relevant literature on innovation in antibacterial resin technologies, from early soluble additives (e.g., silver, fluoride, chlorhexidine) whose rapid leaching undermined mechanical performance to covalently bound quaternary ammonium monomers (QAMs) that provide durable, contact-active antimicrobial effects without significant filler loss. We further evaluate the integration of nanotechnology-metal-oxide nanoparticles, halloysite nanotubes, and graphene derivatives-to achieve sustained antimicrobial efficacy at low filler loadings, as well as emerging approaches using antimicrobial peptides, ionic liquids and piezoelectric fillers for environment-responsive action. SOURCES:Peer-reviewed research articles and reviews were identified primarily via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science. CONCLUSION:Early soluble additives effectively reduced bacteria, but they leached out too quickly, weakening the material. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QAMs) addressed this issue by offering long-lasting, surface-active antimicrobial properties. Nanofillers also provide sustained antimicrobial effects at low concentrations but face challenges such as particle clustering, potential toxicity, and uneven dispersion. New antimicrobial strategies like peptides, ionic liquids, and piezoelectric fillers show potential but face challenges such as biocompatibility, biofilm complexity, and limited real-world testing. Advancing these materials will require better preclinical models, cross-disciplinary collaboration, and computational tools to optimize antibacterial function and ma

关键词： Antibacterial dental caries dental composite Nanotechnology Oral biofilms

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