作者:
YACHNIS, MDr. Arthur H. Wu:is a geotechnical engineering consultant
in the Office of the Chief Engineer Naval Facilities Engineering Command Department of the Navy Alexandria Virginia. Dr. Wu received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from the National Cheng Kung University Taiwan in 1956 and 1961 respectively his M.S. degree from Ohio State University in 1964 and his D.Sc. degree from The George Washington University in 1981. He has taught at The George Washington University U.S. Naval Academy and is an adjunct full professor at the University of the District of Columbia. He was selected as the 1985 NavFac Engineer of the Year is a fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers and is listed in MarquisWho's Who in America. He has provided many complex geotechnical consultation services to the Navy and contributed to the application of the numerical modeling and computational mechanics in the analysis of graving drydock safety. John Cecilio:is the chief engineer for the Naval Facilities Engineering Command
Department of the Navy Alexandria Virginia. Mr. Cecilio received his B.S. degree in 1962 from Merrimack College Massachusetts and M.S. degree in 1971 from Catholic University of America in Washington D.C. As the chief engineer he is supervising twelve multi-discipline engineering consultants who are responsible for providing criteria guidance and technical assistance to resolve complex and unique design and construction problems. Mr. Cecilio is the chairman of the Certification Board for the U.S. Navy's dry-docks. He has over 27 years of experience in design and construction of complex facilities and was selected as the 1986 NavFac Engineer of the Year. He is a member of the Society of American Military Engineers and numerous professional engineering societies. Dr. Robert A. Bayles:is a research scientist at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)
Washington D.C. He received his B.S. degree in chemistry and physics from Lynchburg College in 1973. He received his M.S. (1975) and Ph.D. (1979) degrees in mat
Maintenance and safety certification of the Navy's graving drydocks are essential in supporting fleet operation and readiness. Thus, structural analyses of graving drydocks are made regularly by the Naval Faciliti...
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Maintenance and safety certification of the Navy's graving drydocks are essential in supporting fleet operation and readiness. Thus, structural analyses of graving drydocks are made regularly by the Naval Facilities engineering Command using a finite element computer program. An analytical method is implemented to evaluate the structural adequacy of existing drydocks which are subjected to static and earthquake loads. The results of the analyses are used in certifying the safety of drydocks. due to the complexity of the drydock structure, an analysis is begun by setting up structural models which can accurately include structural and geotechnical parameters for finite element numerical analysis. The accuracy of the results can then be checked through a comparison of the different models used in the analysis, and the comparison of field observations made from carefully monitored instrumentation. For example, in order to evaluate a mathematical analysis of the response of a drydock to static and earthquake loads, measurements of the movement of drydock walls in Charleston Naval Shipyard, South Carolina, were made by flooding anddraining the drydock during a docking operation. A dial gauge instrument was used to measure the displacement of a wall and a laser electronic distance measuring instrument (EdM) was used to measure the displacement across the width of the dry-dock. The purpose of this paper is to present the drydock wall stability analysis method and to compare the analytical results with the observed wall displacement. Conclusions were derived from the results of the finite element analysis and the measured wall displacement. The results were useful in the structural analyses and safety certification of the graving drydocks.
作者:
ZITZMAN, LHFALATKO, SMPAPACH, JLDr. Lewis H. Zitzman:is the group supervisor of the Advanced Systems Design Group
Fleet Systems Department The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL). He has been employed at JHU/APL since 1972 performing applied research in computer science and in investigating and applying advanced computer technologies to Navy shipboard systems. He is currently chairman of Aegis Computer Architecture Data Bus and Fiber Optics Working Group from which many concepts for this paper were generated. Dr. Zitzman received his B.S. degree in physics from Brigham Young University in 1963 and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from the University of Illinois in 1967 and 1972 respectively. Stephen M. Falatko:was a senior engineering analyst in the Combat Systems Engineering Department
Comptek Research Incorporated for the majority of this effort. He is currently employed at ManTech Services Corporation. During his eight-year career first at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and currently with ManTech Mr. Falatko's work has centered around the development of requirements and specifications for future Navy systems and the application of advanced technology to Navy command and control systems. He is a member of both the Computer Architecture Fiber Optics and Data Bus Working Group and the Aegis Fiber Optics Working Group. Mr. Falatko received his B.S. degree in aerospace engineering with high distinction from the University of Virginia in 1982 and his M.S. degree in applied physics from The Johns Hopkins University in 1985. Mr. Falatko is a member of Tau Beta Pi Sigma Gamma Tau the American Society of Naval Engineers and the U.S. Naval Institute. Janet L. Papach:is a section leader and senior engineering analyst in the Combat Systems Engineering Department
Comptek Research Incorporated. She has ten years' experience as an analyst supporting NavSea Spa War and the U.S. Department of State. She currently participates in working group efforts under Aegis Combat System Doctrin
This paper sets forth computer systems architecture concepts for the combat system of the 2010–2030 timeframe that satisfy the needs of the next generation of surface combatants. It builds upon the current Aegis comp...
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This paper sets forth computer systems architecture concepts for the combat system of the 2010–2030 timeframe that satisfy the needs of the next generation of surface combatants. It builds upon the current Aegis computer systems architecture, expanding that architecture while preserving, and adhering to, the Aegis fundamental principle of thorough systems engineering, dedicated to maintaining a well integrated, highly reliable, and easily operable combat system. The implementation of these proposed computer systems concepts in a coherent architecture would support the future battle force capable combat system and allow the expansion necessary to accommodate evolutionary changes in both the threat environment and the technology then available to effectively counter that threat. Changes to the current Aegis computer architecture must be carefully and effectively managed such that the fleet will retain its combat readiness capability at all times. This paper describes a possible transition approach for evolving the current Aegis computer architecture to a general architecture for the future. The proposed computer systems architecture concepts encompass the use of combinations of physically distributed, microprocessor-based computers, collocated with the equipment they support or embedded within the equipment itself. They draw heavily on widely used and available industry standards, including instruction set architectures (ISAs), backplane busses, microprocessors, computer programming languages anddevelopment environments, and local area networks (LANs). In this proposal, LANs, based on fiber optics, will provide the interconnection to support system expandability, redundancy, and higher data throughput rates. A system of cross connected LANs will support a high level of combat system integration, spanning the major warfare areas, and will facilitate the coordination anddevelopment of a coherent multi-warfare tactical picture supporting the future combatant command st
作者:
KYRTATOS, NPNICHOLAS P. KYRTATOS
PH.D. is associate professor of marine engineering at the National Technical University of Athens Greece. He obtained a 1st Class Hons. B.Sc. degree in marine engineering from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne (1975) and a Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering from the Imperial College of Science and Technology London University (1979). He was postdoctoral research associate at Imperial College London (1979–1980). He was visiting professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada (1980–1982). He served at the Greek Airforce Research Centre Athens (1982–1984). He was assistant professor of marine engineering at NTUA (1984–1988).
The increasing use of on-board computers will make the utilization of sophisticated engine simulation models within integrated computerized ship propulsion plant management systems possible. These models can be used t...
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The increasing use of on-board computers will make the utilization of sophisticated engine simulation models within integrated computerized ship propulsion plant management systems possible. These models can be used to provide reference performance data for advanced control, performance optimisation, fault diagnosis, and predictive maintenance systems. This paper describes briefly the structure of advanced engine performance prediction models, commenting on the areas which require further development in view of the above applications. An engine simulation model originally developed on a mainframe computer was adapted to run on a microcomputer. Selected results are presented, using the model to predict the performance of a large slow-speed marine diesel engine, simulating various typical fault conditions.
The flow of ponded water into and through the unsaturated zone depends on both the saturated and unsaturated components of the hydraulic conductivity. Recent studies indicate that the ratio of the saturated (K fs ) to...
The flow of ponded water into and through the unsaturated zone depends on both the saturated and unsaturated components of the hydraulic conductivity. Recent studies indicate that the ratio of the saturated (K fs ) to the unsaturated (φ m ) components (K fs /φ m =α*) of flow lies within prescribed bounds for most field soils, i.e., 1m −1 ≤α*≤ 100 m −1 . In addition, the fact that the calculation of K fs and φ m is not strongly dependent on the choice of α*, suggests that a site estimation of α* leads to reasonable “best estimates” of K fs and φ m when using the constant head well permeameter technique. As a consequence, measurement of the steady flow rate using only one ponded head may be all that is necessary for many practical applications. Multiple head measurements or independent measurements of α* or φ m can be used, however, to give more accurate estimates of K fs if required.
作者:
FLATHMAN, PEJERGER, dEBOTTOMLEY, LSPaul E. Flathman is senior microbiologist at O.H. Materials Corp. (P.O. Box 551
Findlay OH 45839). Flathman has more than eight years of field experience in the biological cleanup and environmental restoration of areas contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and other hazardous organic wastes. He has a B.S. in biology/chemistry from The Defiance College Defiance Ohio and an M.S. in microbiology from Bowling Green State University Bowling Green Ohio. The cometabolic biodegradation of anthropogenic organic compounds was the focus of his graduate research. Flathman was the 1985 recipient of the Ohio Water Pollution Control Conference's F.H. Waring A ward in recognition of outstanding achievement in the field of industrial waste control. He is a Registered Class III (Advanced) Wastewater Treatment Plant Operator (Ohio EPA) a Registered Class III (Advanced) Wastewater Laboratory Analyst (Ohio WPCA-LAC) and a Registered Microbiologist (The National Registry of Microbiologists American Academy of Microbiology). He is a member of eight professional organizations and has served as chairman and for three years as a member of the Executive Committee of the Northwest Central Ohio Section of the American Chemical Society. Flathman is also a member of three subcommittees and a task group participant of the American Society for Testing and Materials. The focus of his current research is the enhanced biodegradation of hazardous organic contaminants following spills of these materials in the environment. Douglas E. Jerger is manager of the Biorestoration Program at O.H. Materials Corp. (P. O. Box 551
Findlay OH 45839). Jerger has more than 15 years experience in environmental microbiology and bioprocess engineering with NASA—Manned Spacecraft Center Environmental Control Technology Corp. Institute of Gas Technology and University of Florida. He is currently completing research toward his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan. Jerger is a member of four professional organizations and has coauthored more than 20 public
On-site biological cleanup following spills of biodegradable hazardous organic compounds in lagoon, soil, and ground water environments is a cost-effective technique when proper engineering controls are applied. Biode...
On-site biological cleanup following spills of biodegradable hazardous organic compounds in lagoon, soil, and ground water environments is a cost-effective technique when proper engineering controls are applied. Biodegradation of hazardous organic contaminants by microorganisms minimizes liability by converting toxic reactants into harmless end *** case histories presented in this paper detail:• Bench-scale evaluation of the potential for biological remediation in the spill site matrix• Field implementation of biological treatment ***-effectiveness, minimal disturbance to existing operations, and on-site destruction of spilled contaminants are several of the advantages identified for implementing biodegradation as a technique for spill cleanup and environmental restoration.
A methodology for the structural life assessment of a ship's structure is suggested. The methodology is based on probabilistic analysis using reliability concepts and the statistics of extremes. In this approach, ...
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A methodology for the structural life assessment of a ship's structure is suggested. The methodology is based on probabilistic analysis using reliability concepts and the statistics of extremes. In this approach, the estimation of structural life expectancy is based on selected failure modes. All possible failure modes of the ship must be investigated and the most likely paths to structural failure identified. For the purpose of illustration two failure modes are considered in this study. They are plate plastic deformation and fatigue cracking. Structural life based on these two failure modes is determined for an example vessel. The methodology determines the probability of failure of the ship's structural components according to the identified failure modes as a function of time. The results can be interpreted as the cumulative probability distribution function (CdF) of structural life. due to the unknown level of statistical correlation between failure modes, limits or bounds on the CdF of the structural life are established. The limits correspond to the extreme cases of fully correlated and independent failure modes. The CdFs of structural life are determined for two inspection strategies; namely, inspection every year and inspection every two years with a warranty inspection at the end of the first year. The meaning of the results for the case investigated in this study is that, for example, given an inspection strategy of two years and a desired life of 15 years, there is a 72% chance that the vessel will not experience enough partial damage‘ in the failure modes identified to constitute reaching the “end of structural life” as defined.
作者:
MENSH, dRKITE, RSdARBY, phDennis Roy Mensh:is currently the task leader
Interoperability Project with the MITRE Corporation in McLean Va. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in applied physics from Loyola College in Baltimore Md. and the American University in Washington D. C. He also has completed his course work towards his Ph.D. degree in computer science specializing in the fields of systems analysis and computer simulation. He has been employed by the Naval Surface Warfare Center White Oak Laboratory Silver Spring Md. for 20 years in the areas of weapon system analysis and the development of weapon systems simulations. Since 1978 he has been involved in the development of tools and methodologies that can be applied to the solution of shipboard combat system/battle force system architecture and engineering problems. Mr. Mensh is a member of ASNE MORS IEEE U.S. Naval Institute MAA and the Sigma Xi Research Society. Robert S. Kite:is a systems engineer with the Naval Warfare Systems Engineering Department of the MITRE Corporation in McLean
Va. Mr. Kite received his B.S. degree in electronic engineering from The Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore Md. Mr. Kite retired from the Federal Communications Commission in 1979 and served a project manager of the J-12 Frequency Management Support Project for the Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute in Annapolis Md. before joining MITRE. Mr. Kite is presently a member of ASNE the Military Operations Research Society and an associate member of Sigma Xi. Paul H. Darby:has worked in the field of interoperability both in the development of interoperability concepts and systems since joining the Department of the Navy in 1967. He was the Navy's program manager for the WestPacNorth
TACS/ TADS and IFFN systems. He is currently head of the Interoperability Branch Warfare Systems Engineering Office Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command. He holds a B.S. from the U.S. Naval Academy.
JCS Pub 1 defines interoperability as “The ability of systems, units or forces to provide services to and accept services from other systems, units or forces and to use the services so exchanged to enable them to ope...
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JCS Pub 1 defines interoperability as “The ability of systems, units or forces to provide services to and accept services from other systems, units or forces and to use the services so exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together.” With JCS Pub 1 as a foundation, interoperability of systems, units or forces can be factored into a set of components that can quantify interoperability. These components are: media, languages, standards, requirements, environment, procedures, and human factors. The concept described in this paper uses these components as an analysis tool to enable specific detailed analyses of the interoperability of BFC3 systems, units, or forces for the purpose of uncovering and resolving interoperability issues and problems in the U.S. Navy, Joint, and Allied arenas. Also, as a management tool, the components can help determine potential interoperability characteristics of future U.S. Navy BFC3 systems for compliance with battle force systems architectures. The approach selected for the quantification of interoperability was the development of a set of measures of performance (MOPs) and measures of effectiveness (MOEs). The MOPs/MOEs were integrated with a candidate set of components, which were used to partition the totality of interoperability into measurable entities. The methodology described employs basic truth table theory in conjunction with logic equations to evaluate the interoperability components in terms of MOPs that were aggregated to MOEs. It is believed that this concept, although elementary and based on fundamental principles, represents an operationally significant approach rather than a theoretical approach to the quantification of interoperability. The vehicle used as a means to measure the MOPs and MOEs was the Research Evaluation and Systems Analysis (RESA) computer modeling and simulation capability at the Naval Ocean Systems Center (NOSC), San diego, Calif. data for the measurements were collectedduring a Tactical I
作者:
Pulat, B. MustafaHewett, Alan P. W.B. Mustafa Pulat:is a senior engineer in the Material Handling Engineering Department of AT&T Network Systems at the AT&T Oklahoma City Works in Oklahoma City
Oklahoma. Mr. Pulat joined AT&T in 1985 and is involved in system development modeling and just-in-time deliveries. He has a B.Sc. and M.Sc. in industrial engineering from the Middle East Technical University in Ankara Turkey and a Ph.D. in industrial engineering from North Carolina State University.Alan P. W. Hewettis a member of technical staff in the Manufacturing Engineering Systems Development Department of AT&T Bell Laboratories in Columbus Ohio. He joined the company in 1978 and designs and develops software for the Material Operations Velocity System (MOVES) a system that automates material handling in AT&T factories. He has a B.A. in chemistry from Kalamazoo College a Ph.D. in chemistry from Yale University and has done postdoctoral work in both chemistry and computer science at Harvard University.
Moving, storing, and controlling material efficiently is one of the most challenging problems of manufacturing. In the last twenty years, several different technologies were developed for this purpose, including the a...
A discrete point sampler has been developed that overcomes disadvantages inherent in several current small-volume samplers. It is designed to obtain ground water samples after a well has been purged with a pump. It co...
A discrete point sampler has been developed that overcomes disadvantages inherent in several current small-volume samplers. It is designed to obtain ground water samples after a well has been purged with a pump. It consists of a sample chamber, two ports, and a stopcock for withdrawing sample aliquots. After lowering the sampler into a well, sampling is initiated by pulling on a line that sequentially removes the plugs in the lower and the upper level ports. The sample chamber fills from the bottom port and vents air from the top port. The device is suitable for sampling for volatile organic compounds in ground waters that are not subject to spontaneous bubble degassing. The upper port is sufficiently far above the lower port that none of the water that is sampled is exposed to the vented air. The sample chamber fills in such a way that the water that is taken from the chamber for analysis is not exposed to the headspace in the chamber.
Naval ships and equipment are designed to survive underwater shock. The underwater shock can result from a nearby explosion of a bomb or missile, or the underwater detonation of a nuclear weapon. The shock wave travel...
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Naval ships and equipment are designed to survive underwater shock. The underwater shock can result from a nearby explosion of a bomb or missile, or the underwater detonation of a nuclear weapon. The shock wave travels through the water and applies an impulsive pressure load to the ship. The ship responds by a sudden acceleration in a direction up and away from the explosion. The motion of the ship is imparted to its weapons and equipment. In the case of Standard missile, impulsive loads are applied to the missiles stowed in the magazines. The evolutionary design of rocket motor chambers and launch shoes for Standard missile for underwater shock is traced from the early Tartar missile to the latest version of Standard missile. As the weight of the missile has increased and the performance requirements have become more demanding, the design of the weapon for underwater shock has become more difficult. The paper explains the design approaches and techniques. Theoretical and experimental methods have been required. Finally, the paper highlights the experiences and problems in conducting underwater shock experiments with production systems in ships at sea.
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