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The portrait of older people as (non) users of digital technologies: A scoping literature review and a typology of digital older (non) users

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Gerontechnology 2020年第3期19卷 1-15页

作者： Alexopoulou, Sofia PhD candidate in the department of Political Science Program of Successful Ageing University of Örebro Örebro Sweden

Background: The images of older people while using (or not) technology is a theme that plays a crucial role not only in the implementation of policies, but also in the design of e-services or more broadly e-governance. Older people is a complex and a non-homogenous group that requires public (welfare) services which in many cases have been moved to a digital interface. The real challenge is to provide these services without excluding anyone. Objective: This paper aims to investigate how older people are represented as (non)users of technology in the digital literature and public discourse and to produce a typology of older digital users based on the work of Schneider and Ingram (1993). Method: The study followed established methods for a scoping literature review to discover the profile of older digital (non) users and their relationship with technology. Results: Based on this literature review, two positive profiles of different power were found: the silver surfers or “athletes” who are proficient digital users and the “older people with borrowed access” to digital technologies who are less powerful and independent while using technology. On the other hand, we also found some negative images of older adults: the “laidback” who are reluctant to use digital technologies but they have the necessary intellectual capacity to acquire IT skills on their own (strong in terms of power). The biggest group entails older people as technophobic, non-users, want-nots, digitally backward/internet laggards, digital immigrants, needy and those who are unaware of their digital condition. Conclusion: This research could offer a substantial contribution to policy-makers and public servants to provide better and friendlier online services, digital tools and applications in conjunction with the supply of IT courses for older individuals. © (2023), (International Society for Gerontechnology). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： grey digital divide ICTs internet older people public policy

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Quantitative determination of salvinorin A, a natural hallucinogen with abuse liability, in Internet-available Salvia divinorum and endemic species of Salvia in Taiwan

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JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS 2014年第3期22卷 370-378页

作者： Lin, Po-Xiang Li, Jih-Heng Chen, Su-Hwei Chang, Hsien-Chang McKetin, Rebecca Kaohsiung Med Univ Sch Pharm Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan Kaohsiung Med Univ Coll Pharm PhD Program Toxicol Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan Taipei Med Univ Coll Pharm Grad Inst Pharmacognosy Taipei 110 Taiwan Australian Natl Univ Ctr Res Ageing Hlth & Well Being Canberra ACT 0200 Australia

In recent years, recreational use of Salvia divinorum (Lamiaceae), a herbal drug that contains a hallucinogenic ingredient, salvinorin A, has become a new phenomenon among young drug users. In Taiwan, as in many other countries, dry leaves of S. divinorum and its related concentrated extract products are available via the Internet. Besides S. divinorum, there are many endemic Salvia species whose salvinorin A content is yet unknown. To understand the abuse liability of these products, the aim of this study was to assess the concentration of salvinorin A in endemic Salvia species and Internet-available salvinorin A-related products. Samples of S. divinorum were purchased via the Internet and samples of eight endemic species of Salvia were collected in Taiwan, including S. arisanensis Hayata, S. coccinea Juss. ex Murr, S. hayatana Makino ex Hayata, S. japonica Thumb. ex Murr, S. nipponica Miq. Var. formosana (Hayata) Kudo, S. scapiformis Hance, S. tashiroi Hayata. Icon. PI. Formosan, and S. keitaoensis Hayata. The content of salvinorin A was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Salvinorin A was extracted from the dry leaves of S. divinorum and endemic species of Salvia with methanol and analyzed on a C-18 column by isocratic elution with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water. Salvinorin A was detected in S. divinorum, but not in the endemic Salvia species of Taiwan. Therefore, endemic species of Salvia in Taiwan may not possess hallucinogenic potential. However, the potential harm from S. divinorum available via the Internet should be thoroughly assessed in Taiwan, and control measures similar to those implemented in many other countries should be considered. Copyright (C) 2014, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drug abuse Hallucinogenic herb High performance liquid chromatography Recreational drug Salvia divinorum Salvinorin A

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Chitosan/alginate nanoparticles as a promising approach for oral delivery of curcumin diglutaric acid for cancer treatment

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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018年 93卷 178-190页

作者： Sorasitthiyanukarna, Feuangthit Niyamissara Muangnoi, Chawanphat Bhuket, Pahweenvaj Ratnatilaka Na Rojsitthisak, Pornchai Rojsitthisak, Pranee Chulalongkorn Univ Met & Mat Sci Res Inst Bangkok 10330 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Pharmaceut Sci PhD Program Pharmaceut Chem & Nat Prod Bangkok 10330 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Pharmaceut Sci Biomed Chem Program Bangkok 10330 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Pharmaceut Sci Dept Food & Pharmaceut Chem Bangkok 10330 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Pharmaceut Sci Nat Prod Ageing & Chron Dis Res Unit Bangkok 10330 Thailand

Curcumin diglutaric acid (CG) is a prodrug of curcumin that shows better solubility and antinociceptive activity compared to curcumin. To improve its properties further, CG was encapsulated into polysaccharide-based nanoparticles in this study. A chitosan/alginate nanoparticulate system was chosen for encapsulation of CG due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, mucoadhisiveness and good film formation. CG-loaded chitosan/alginate nanoparticles were prepared by o/w emulsification and ionotropic gelification, with the conditions optimized using response surface methodology. A chitosan/alginate mass ratio of 0.04:1, CG concentration of 3 mg/mL and Pluronics (R) F127 concentration of 0.50% (w/v) were determined to be optimal for the nanoparticle preparation. FUR and XRD confirmed encapsulation of CG into the chitosan/alginate nano particles. The CG-loaded chitosan/alginate nanoparticles showed better stability under UV radiation and in a simulated gastrointestinal environment, compared to a CG dispersion in water. The nanoparticles showed slow cumulative release of CG in simulated gastrointestinal fluids without enzymes and in body fluid. A Weibull model of the best fit for all conditions suggested that the release pattern of CG from CG-loaded chitosan/alginate nanoparticles was mainly controlled by Fickian diffusion and erosion of polymer materials. Finally, CG-loaded chitosan/alginate nanoparticles showed higher in vitro cellular uptake in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2 cells) and better anticancer activity against Caco-2, human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells. Therefore, the CG-loaded chitosan/alginate nano particles are a promising approach for oral administration of CG for cancer treatment.

关键词： Curcumin diglutaric acid Chitosan Alginate Nanoparticles Cancer

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Progressive cerebral white matter involvement in a patient with Congenital Cataracts Facial Dysmorphisms Neuropathy (CCFDN)

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NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS 2010年第5期20卷 343-345页

作者： Cordelli, D. M. Garone, C. Marchiani, V. Lodi, R. Tonon, C. Ferrari, S. Seri, M. Franzoni, E. Univ Bologna Child Neuropsychiat Unit Polyclin S Orsola Malpighi I-40126 Bologna Italy Univ Siena PhD Program Appl Neurol Sci I-53100 Siena Italy Univ Bologna MR Spect Unit Polyclin S Orsola Malpighi Dept Internal Med Ageing & Nephrol I-40126 Bologna Italy Univ Bologna Med Genet Unit Polyclin S Orsola Malpighi I-40126 Bologna Italy

Congenital Cataracts with Facial Dysmorphisms and Neuropathy (CCFDN) is a complex autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bilateral congenital cataracts, developmental delay, peripheral;hypodemyelinating neuropathy, mild facial dysmorphisms, and other rare signs. Cerebral and spinal cord atrophy is the main neuroimaging finding but other less common abnormalities have been previously described. We describe progressive focal lesions of supratentorial white matter in a 10-year-old boy affected by CCFDN. Other etiologies have been excluded and these lesions can be considered a new finding of the disease. We discuss a possible demyelinating mechanism affecting both peripheral and central myelin. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Congenital cataracts Facial dysmorphisms Neuropathy White matter

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Rational design, synthesis, and biophysical characterization of a peptidic MDM2-MDM4 interaction inhibitor

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BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2024年 113卷 117937页

作者： Ballarotto, Marco Bianconi, Elisa Valentini, Sonia Temperini, Andrea Moretti, Fabiola Macchiarulo, Antonio Univ Perugia Dipartimento Sci Farmaceut Via Liceo 1 I-06123 Perugia Italy Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore PhD Program Sci Nutr Metab Ageing & Gender Med Rome Italy Natl Res Council CNR Inst Biochem & Cell Biol Via E Ramarini 32 I-00015 Rome Italy Inst Canc Res Ctr Canc Drug Discovery Div Canc Therapeut London SM2 5NG England

In recent years, the restoration of p53 physiological functions has become an attractive therapeutic approach to develop novel and efficacious cancer therapies. Among other mechanisms, the oncosuppressor protein p53 is functionally regulated by MDM2 through its E3 ligase function. MDM2 promotes p53 ubiquitination and degradation following homodimerization or heterodimerization with MDM4. Recently, we discovered Pep3 (1, Pellegrino et al., 2015), a novel peptidic inhibitor of MDM2 dimerization able to restore p53 oncosuppressive functions both in vitro and in vivo. In this work, we were able to identify the key interactions between peptide 1 and MDM2 RING domain and to design peptide 2, a truncated version of 1 that is still able to bind MDM2. Integrating both computational and biophysical techniques, we show that peptide 2 maintains the conserved peptide 1-MDM2 interactions and is still able to bind to full-length MDM2.

关键词： Cancer MDM2 MDM4 MDMX P53 Biophysical techniques Molecular modelling

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P. edulis Extract Protects Against Amyloid-β Toxicity in Alzheimer's Disease Models Through Maintenance of Mitochondrial Homeostasis via the FOXO3/DAF-16 Pathway

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MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY 2022年第9期59卷 5612-5629页

作者： Cao, Shu-qin Aman, Yahyah Fang, Evandro F. Tencomnao, Tewin Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Allied Hlth Sci Dept Clin Chem PhD Program Clin Biochem & Mol Med Bangkok 10330 Thailand Univ Oslo Dept Clin Mol Biol N-1478 Lorenskog Norway Akershus Univ Hosp N-1478 Lorenskog Norway Norwegian Ctr Hlth Ageing NO Age Oslo Norway Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Allied Hlth Sci Dept Clin Chem Bangkok 10330 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Nat Prod Neuroprotect & Antiageing Res Unit Bangkok 10330 Thailand

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common and devastating disease characterized by pathological aggregations of beta-amyloid (A beta) plaques extracellularly, and Tau tangles intracellularly. While our understandings of the aetiologies of AD have greatly expanded over the decades, there is no drug available to stop disease progression. Here, we demonstrate the potential of Passiflora edulis (P. edulis) pericarp extract in protecting against A beta-mediated neurotoxicity in mammalian cells and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) models of AD. We show P. edulis pericarp protects against memory deficit and neuronal loss, and promotes longevity in the A beta model of AD via stimulation of mitophagy, a selective cellular clearance of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria. P. edulis pericarp also restores memory and increases neuronal resilience in a C. elegans Tau model of AD. While defective mitophagy-induced accumulation of damaged mitochondria contributes to AD progression, P. edulis pericarp improves mitochondrial quality and homeostasis through BNIP3/DCT1-dependent mitophagy and SOD-3-dependent mitochondrial resilience, both via increased nuclear translocation of the upstream transcriptional regulator FOXO3/DAF-16. Further studies to identify active molecules in P. edulis pericarp that could maintain neuronal mitochondrial homeostasis may enable the development of potential drug candidates for AD.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Glutamatergic neurons DAF-16 Mitophagy DCT-1

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Natural products improve healthspan in aged mice and rats: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS 2021年 121卷 89-105页

作者： Musillo, Chiara Borgi, Marta Saul, Nadine Moeller, Steffen Luyten, Walter Berry, Alessandra Cirulli, Francesca Ist Super Sanita Ctr Behav Sci & Mental Hlth Viale Regina Elena 299 I-00161 Rome Italy Sapienza Univ Rome Dept Psychol PhD Program Behav Neurosci Rome Italy Humboldt Univ Inst Biol Fac Life Sci Mol Genet Grp Philippstr 13 D-10115 Berlin Germany Rostock Univ Med Ctr Inst Biostat & Informat Med & Ageing Res D-18057 Rostock Germany Katholieke Univ Leuven Biol Dept Leuven Belgium

Over the last decades a decrease in mortality has paved the way for late onset pathologies such as cardiovascular, metabolic or neurodegenerative diseases. This evidence has led many researchers to shift their focus from researching ways to extend lifespan to finding ways to increase the number of years spent in good health;"healthspan" is indeed the emerging concept of such quest for ageing without chronic or disabling diseases and dysfunctions. Regular consumption of natural products might improve healthspan, although the mechanisms of action are still poorly understood. Since preclinical studies aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of these compounds are growing, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of natural products on healthspan in mouse and rat models of physiological ageing. Results indicate that natural compounds show robust effects improving stress resistance and cognitive abilities. These promising data call for further studies investigating the underlying mechanisms in more depth.

关键词： Mice Rats Animal model ageing Memory Dietary supplements Metabolism Physiological stress Locomotion Healthy ageing

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Surface tension assisted dynamic and uniform size generation of 3D spherical hydrogels (STA-DUH) 22

Surface tension assisted dynamic and uniform size generation...

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22nd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2018

作者： Koduri, Manohar Prasad Garden, Tom Hunt, John A. Henstock, James Curran, Judith Tseng, Fan-Gang International Intercollegiate PhD Program NTHU Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Mechanical Materials and Aerospace School of Engineering University of Liverpool United Kingdom School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University NottinghamNG11 8NS United Kingdom Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease William Henry Duncan Building University of Liverpool United Kingdom Engineering and System Science Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510897571

Technologies like additive manufacturing, microfluidics, and electrospray show a possibility of generating a variety of 3-Dimensional structures but seriously suffer in adapting and utilizing the wide variety of available biocompatible materials because of innate diverse physical and chemical properties of biomaterials. It is very important to have a technology which can be viable and dynamically adaptable for different types of materials in generating uniform structures. This work presents a novel cell-laden hydrogel generation using the surface tension phenomenon in controlling the size of the hydrogel. Copyright © (2018) by Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface tension

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A rapid and feasible tool for clinical decision making in community-dwelling patients with COVID-19 and those admitted to emergency departments: the Braden-LDH-HorowITZ Assessment-BLITZ

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INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2022年第3期17卷 839-844页

作者： Lagolio, Erik Demurtas, Jacopo Buzzetti, Roberto Cortassa, Giorgio Bottone, Stefania Spadafora, Laura Cocino, Cristina Smith, Lee Benzing, Thomas Polidori, Maria Cristina Asl2 Hosp Santa Corona Emergency Med A&E Pietra Ligure Italy Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia Clin & Expt Med PhD Program Str Casal Nuovo 20 I-58011 Modena Italy Anglia Ruskin Univ Cambridge Ctr Sport & Exercise Sci Cambridge England Univ Cologne Fac Med Ageing Clin Res Dept Internal Med Cologne Germany Univ Cologne Fac Med Ctr Mol Med Cologne Germany Univ Hosp Cologne Cologne Germany Univ Cologne Fac Med Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Respon Cologne Germany

There is no univocal standardized strategy to predict outcomes and stratify risk of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, notably in emergency departments. Our aim is to develop an accurate indicator of adverse outcomes based on a retrospective analysis of a COVID-19 database established at the Emergency Department (ED) of a North-Italian hospital during the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Laboratory, clinical, psychosocial and functional characteristics including those obtained from the Braden Scale-a standardized scale to quantify the risk of pressure sores which takes into account aspects of sensory perception, activity, mobility and nutrition-from the records of 117 consecutive patients with swab-positive COVID-19 disease admitted to the Emergency Medicine ward between March 1, 2020 and April 15, 2020 were included in the analysis. Adverse outcomes included admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and in-hospital death. Among the parameters collected, the highest cutoff sensitivity and specificity scores to best predict adverse outcomes were displayed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) blood value at admission > 439 U/L, Horowitz Index (P/F Ratio) < 257 and Braden score < 18. The estimation power reached 93.6%. We named the assessment BLITZ (Braden-LDH-HorowITZ). Despite the retrospective and preliminary nature of the data, a multidimensional tool to assess overall functions, not chronological age, produced the highest prediction power for poor outcomes in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further analyses are now needed to establish meaningful correlations between ventilation therapies and multidimensional frailty as assessed by ad-hoc validated and standardized tools.

关键词： COVID-19 Frailty Prognostic assessment Emergency

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H3K56 acetylation affects Candida albicans morphology and secreted soluble factors interacting with the host

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024年第3期1867卷 195048页

作者： Conte, Marisa Eletto, Daniela Pannetta, Martina Esposito, Roberta Monti, Maria Chiara Morretta, Elva Tessarz, Peter Morello, Silvana Tosco, Alessandra Porta, Amalia Univ Salerno Dept Pharm Fisciano SA Italy Univ Salerno PhD Program Drug Discovery & Dev Fisciano SA Italy Univ Naples Federico II Dept Pharm Naples Italy Univ Cologne Max Planck Inst Biol Ageing Max Planck Res Grp Chromatin & Ageing Cologne Germany Univ Cologne Cologne Excellence Cluster Stress Responses Ageing Cologne Germany Radboud Univ Nijmegen Radboud Inst Mol Life Sci Fac Sci Dept Human Biol Nijmegen Netherlands

In recent years, epigenetics has been revealed as a mechanism able to modulate the expression of virulence traits in diverse pathogens, including Candida albicans. Indeed, epigenetic regulation can sense environmental changes, leading to the rapid and reversible modulation of gene expression with consequent adaptation to novel environments. How epigenetic changes can impact expression and signalling output, including events associated with mechanisms of morphological transition and virulence, is still poorly studied. Here, using nicotinamide as a sirtuin inhibitor, we explored how the accumulation of the H3K56 acetylation, the most prominent histone acetylation in C. albicans, might affect its interaction with the host. Our experiments demonstrate that H3K56 acetylation profoundly affects the production and/or secretion of soluble factors compromising actin remodelling and cytokine production. ChIP- and RNA-seq analyses highlighted a direct impact of H3K56 acetylation on genes related to phenotypic switching, biofilm formation and cell aggregation. Direct and indirect regulation also involves genes related to cell wall protein biosynthesis, beta-glucan and mannan exposure, and hydrolytic secreted enzymes, supporting the hypothesis that the fluctuations of H3K56 acetylation in C. albicans might impair the macrophage response to the yeast and thus promote the host-immune escaping.

关键词： Candida albicans Macrophage response Farnesol ChIP-seq RNA-seq

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