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Optimizing the Energy Portfolio of the Mexican Electricity Sector by 2050 Considering CO 2 eq Emissions and Life Cycle Assessment

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Energy Procedia 2014年 57卷 850-859页

作者： Edgar Roberto Sandoval García Arturo Morales-Acevedo PhD Program on Science Technology & Society CINVESTAV- IPN Av. Inst. Pol. Nacional No. 2508 07360 Mexico D. F. Mexico Electrical Engineering Departmnet CINVESTAV- IPN Av. Inst. Pol. Nacional No. 2508 07360 Mexico D. F. Mexico

Today, Mexico is one of the leading countries of the Latin American region in receiving foreign direct investment, with expected GDP growth for the coming years between 4% and 6% per annum, according to estimates published by the OECD and other international organizations. Sustaining such growth demands the strengthening of one of the main pillars of economic development, the National Electricity Sector. To accomplish this growth in the electricity sector will require an energy portfolio that allows for three basic conditions in the sector's planning: reliability, economy and sustainability. To ensure the sustainability of the National Electric Sector, the optimal energy portfolio must meet the CO 2 eq emission reduction that the country has adopted based on international commitments. Sources of electricity generation with low water consumption as well as reduced pollutant discharge are needed, given the great importance of water efficiency in energy production. This paper determines an optimal energy portfolio involving conventional technologies, clean technologies and alternative and intermittent renewable technologies, based on a simple optimization model and using variables such as future electricity demand, CO 2 eq emissions by source, and taking into account data from several studies of life cycle assessment of the electricity sector, such as energy payback rate and water pollution. The research presented assumes two scenarios of growth in electricity demand of about 350 and 1,150 TW-hours in 2050.

关键词： energy portfolio optimization mexican electricity sector life cycle assessment GHG emissions.

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A quantitative classification of essential and Parkinson's tremor using wavelet transform and artificial neural network on sEMG and accelerometer signals

A quantitative classification of essential and Parkinson's t...

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IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control

作者： Santosh Kumar Nanda Wen-Yen Lin Ming-Yih Lee Rou-Shayn Chen PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering Chang Gung University Taiwan Tao-Yuan Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics Chang Gung University Taiwan Tao-Yuan Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Chang Gung University Taiwan Tao-Yuan Taiwan Department of Neurology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taiwan Tao-Yuan Taiwan

Correct discrimination of essential tremor from Parkinson's tremor is a major problem in clinical neurology as minor differences in the tremor patterns are hard to distinguish. Mathematical analysis of tremor signals recorded non-invasively has been widely accepted for tremor differentiation. However, classification of tremor signals collected from electromyograph or accelerometer, based on time and frequency domain techniques has limited accuracy because of overlapping frequency range and non-stationary nature of those signals. This paper describes a simple, non-invasive decision making logic method for discrimination of tremor. Wavelet transform based feature extraction technique in combination with feed forward type artificial neural network is proposed. Fractal dimensions of wavelet features of the decomposed detailed coefficients are used as the feature matrix. The neural network classified the tremor sEMG signals with 91.66% accuracy and 100% in case of accelerometer signals. Although, the classification accuracy of sEMG signal is comparable to that of accelerometer but the localized involuntary vibratory nature of tremor at the extremities of human body puts accelerometer as a better option in cases where tremor fails to excite the muscle. This proposed classification algorithm adds strength to the non-invasive signal detection methods at reduced cost and higher sensitivity.

关键词： Accelerometers Artificial neural networks Fractals Wavelet analysis Wavelet transforms Accuracy

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Fault Detection and Isolation for Nonlinear Systems via HOSM Multiple-Observer *

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2012年第20期45卷 534-539页

作者： H. Ríos C. Edwards J. Davila L. Fridman National Autonomous University of Mexico Program of PhD in Electrical Engineering Engineering Faculty C.P. 04510 Mexico D.F Control and Instrumentation Research Group Department of Engineering University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK National Polytechnic Institute Section of Graduate Studies and Research ESIME-UPT C.P. 07340 Mexico D.F Department of Automatic Control CINVESTAV-IPN Mexico D.F. AP-14-740 on leave on National Autonomous University of Mexico Engineering Department of Control and Robotics Division of Electrical Engineering Engineering Faculty C.P. 04510 Mexico D.F

The fault detection and isolation problem is studied for a class of nonlinear systems. Under structural conditions, a bank of High-Order Sliding-Mode observers is proposed. The value of the equivalent output injection is used for detecting and isolating particular faults in the system. The proposed method provides finite-time isolation of actuator and plant faults. Simulation results support the proposed approach.

关键词： High-order Sliding-Mode Observers Fault Detection Fault Isolation

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Review on engineering and Regulatory aspects associated with Frequency Control Capabilities of Wind Power Plants

Review on Engineering and Regulatory aspects associated with...

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IEEE Energytech

作者： Venkatesh Yadav Singarao Vittal Rao Mark A. Harral multi-disciplinary Wind Science and Engineering PhD program Texas Tech University Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Texas Tech University GroupNIRE clean energy development company

ISBN: (纸本)9781467344456

With the increasing grid penetration levels of wind power, there is an increasing need to study both the power control systems and the regulatory aspects associated with frequency control capabilities of wind power plants at various levels (turbine, wind farm and power system levels). This is especially very important in the United States with a goal of achieving 20% nation's electricity from wind energy by 2030. This paper provides observations and challenges identified with wind energy integration with respect to active power control strategies used in implementing frequency regulation at various levels. This paper also discusses the current and future aspects of market regulation of frequency responsive services offered by converter based variable generation technologies and the need for an appropriate utility market structure in order to provide settlements for these capabilities.

关键词： Inertial and Primary Frequency Response Frequency Regulation Standards Ancillary Service Markets Wind Power Plants

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A performance and efficiency comparison of an AFE rectifier with Finite Control Set – Model Predictive Control and Feedback Quantizer

A performance and efficiency comparison of an AFE rectifier ...

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CHILEAN Conference on electrical, Electronics engineering, Information and Communication Technologies (CHILECON)

作者： Jhon Henríquez Eduardo Espinosa Matías Veillon Hugo Garcés Pedro Melín Marcelo Reyes Carlos Baier Galina Mirzaeva Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción Concepción Chile Universidad del Bío-Bío Concepción Chile PhD Student Doctoral Program in Engineering at the MacroFacultad de Ingeniería UFRO-UBB-UTAL Chile Universidad de Talca Curicó Chile School of Electrical Engineering and Computing The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408745

In this work, a comparative analysis of the performance and efficiency of the FCS-MPC and Modulation FBQ applied to an AFE active front rectifier is carried out. The above compares quality indicators of form in the input current of an AFE, THD, and WTHD rectifier. For efficiency, the conduction and commutation losses in the switches will be estimated to obtain a selection criterion between these two control methods, which will be based on the efficiency of the converter and the performance of the input current loop. The semiconductors losses are calculated by linear mathematical approximations, which depend on the operation point of the AFE rectifier and the switch parameters, which are obtained from the datasheet provided by the switch manufacturer, which for this work, IGBT IKW25T120 was selected. Finally, for the performance analysis, satisfactory simulation results were obtained.

关键词： Insulated gate bipolar transistors Simulation Conferences Rectifiers Modulation Control systems Performance analysis

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Dish-trend: Intervention modeling simulator that accounts for trend influences

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Andjelkovic, Stefan Miskov-Zivanov, Natasa Computational and Systems Biology Joint Carnegie Mellon University University of Pittsburgh Computational Biology PhD Program University of Pittsburgh 4420 Bayard St PittsburghPA15213 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Bioengineering Computational and Systems Biology University of Pittsburgh 4420 Bayard St PittsburghPA15213 United States

Simulation on directed graphs is an important method for understanding the dynamics in the systems where connectivity graphs contain cycles. Discrete Stochastic Heterogeneous Simulator (DiSH) is one of the simulation tools with wide application, which uses regulator values to calculate state updates of regulated elements. Here we present a new simulation approach DiSH-trend which also takes into account the trends in regulating elements. We demonstrate the features of trend-based regulation, as well as hybrid regulation, which is a combination of the trend- and level-based approaches. The modeling capabilities are demonstrated on a small toy model, showcasing different functionalities. Real-world capabilities are demonstrated on a larger network model of food insecurity in the Ethiopian region Oromia. Adding trend-based regulation to models results in increased modeling flexibility, and hybrid regulation improves qualitative dynamic behavior prediction. With appropriate data, DiSH-trend becomes a powerful tool for exploring intervention strategies. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Autonomic Dysfunction in REM Sleep Disorder: The Role of Respiration in HRV Analysis 46

Autonomic Dysfunction in REM Sleep Disorder: The Role of Res...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Sattar, Parisa Mandas, Nicla Baldazzi, Giulia Facchini, Elisa Casaglia, Elisa Figorilli, Michela Giorgetti, Laura Mattioli, Pietro Calizzano, Francesco Fama, Francesco Arnaldi, Dario Puligheddu, Monica Pani, Danilo Laguna, Pablo Bailon, Raquel Neuroscience PhD program Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy MeDSP Lab Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy The Hadron Academy Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori Iuss Pavia Italy Interdepartmental Sleep Disorder Research Center University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy AziendaOspedaliero-Universitaria Cagliari Italy Clinical Neurology University of Genoa Genoa Italy Neurophysiopathology unit Irccs Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa Italy Iis Aragón University of Zaragoza María de Luna 1 Zaragoza50015 Spain Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) has been suggested often associated with the isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), with iRBD, and heart rate variability (HRV) is a commonly used tool to assess it. However, the accuracy of HRV is heavily influenced by respiratory rate (RespR), potentially causing misinterpretation of frequency domain HRV indices. This study compares sleep-related ANS function between iRBD patients and a control group (CG) using respiratory-adjusted HRV spectral analysis. It involves 20 iRBD and 20 CG participants in each group, from which five-minute ECG signal epochs during N2, N3, and REM sleep phases are analyzed. RespR were estimated from ECG-derived respiratory signals. Both low and high frequency bands definition for HRV analysis were redefined using the RespR. The results indicate significant differences in HRV parameters between iRBD and CG subjects during REM sleep, highlighting disrupted autonomic regulation in iRBD. This finding is also evident in non-REM phases, thus emphasizing the need to incorporate RespR in HRV analysis, especially in sleep-related studies, for a comprehensive understanding of autonomic dysfunction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Probabilistic Genotype-Phenotype Maps Reveal Mutational Robustness of RNA Folding, Spin Glasses, and Quantum Circuits

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sappington, Anna Mohanty, Vaibhav Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Program for Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States

Recent studies of genotype-phenotype (GP) maps have reported universally enhanced phenotypic robustness to genotype mutations, a feature essential to evolution. Virtually all of these studies make a simplifying assumption that each genotype—represented as a sequence—maps deterministically to a single phenotype, such as a discrete structure. Here, we introduce probabilistic genotype-phenotype (PrGP) maps, where each genotype maps to a vector of phenotype probabilities, as a more realistic and universal language for investigating robustness in a variety of physical, biological, and computational systems. We study three model systems to show that PrGP maps offer a generalized framework which can handle uncertainty emerging from various physical sources: (1) thermal fluctuation in RNA folding, (2) external field disorder in spin glass ground state finding, and (3) superposition and entanglement in quantum circuits, which are realized experimentally on IBM quantum computers. In all three cases, we observe a novel biphasic robustness scaling which is enhanced relative to random expectation for more frequent phenotypes and approaches random expectation for less frequent phenotypes. We derive an analytical theory for the behavior of PrGP robustness, and we demonstrate that the theory is highly predictive of empirical robustness. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

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BRAIN-TO-TEXT BENCHMARK’24: LESSONS LEARNED

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Willett, Francis R. Li, Jingyuan Le, Trung Fan, Chaofei Chen, Mingfei Shlizerman, Eli Chen, Yue Zheng, Xin Okubo, Tatsuo S. Benster, Tyler Lee, Hyun Dong Kounga, Maxwell Buchanan, E. Kelly Zoltowski, David Linderman, Scott W. Henderson, Jaimie M. Department of Neurosurgery Stanford University United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Washington United States Department of Computer Science Stanford University United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Washington United States China Neurosciences Phd Program Stanford University United States Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute Department of Statistics Stanford University United States

Speech brain-computer interfaces aim to decipher what a person is trying to say from neural activity alone, restoring communication to people with paralysis who have lost the ability to speak intelligibly. The Brain-to-Text Benchmark’24 and associated competition was created to foster the advancement of decoding algorithms that convert neural activity to text. Here, we summarize the lessons learned from the competition ending on June 1, 2024 (the top 4 entrants also presented their experiences in a recorded webinar). The largest improvements in accuracy were achieved using an ensembling approach, where the output of multiple independent decoders was merged using a fine-tuned large language model (an approach used by all 3 top entrants). Performance gains were also found by improving how the baseline recurrent neural network (RNN) model was trained, including by optimizing learning rate scheduling and by using a diphone training objective. Improving upon the model architecture itself proved more difficult, however, with attempts to use deep state space models or transformers not yet appearing to offer a benefit over the RNN baseline. The benchmark will remain open indefinitely to support further work towards increasing the accuracy of brain-to-text algorithms. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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Applying fuzzy functions and sequential coordination to optimization of machinery arrangement and pipe routing

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1998年第6期110卷 43-54页

作者： Wu, BC Young, GS Schmidt, W Choppella, K Dr. Bi-Chu Wu:received a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland College Park in 1991. She has worked on projects involving naval architecture design optimization solid mechanics and database development. Presently a senwr engineer with Angle Incorporated Dr Wu's research interests are in design optimization and fuzzy logic applications. Dr. Gin-Shu Young: a senior engineer with Angle Incorporated holds a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland College Park. As a guest researcher with National Institute of Standards and Technologies from 1990 to 1993 he worked on vision-based navigation for autonomous vehicles. His experience also includes applications of optimization fuzzy logic neural network and genetic algorithm methods to engineering system design Mr. William Schmidt:co-founded Angle Incorporated in 1990 and has served as Vice PresidentlChiefScientist during this tame. He holds a B.Sc. in Applied Science from the Naval Acadt?my and an M.Sc. in Physics from the Naval Post Graduate School. He has cner 20 years experience in technical leadership material and personnel management. He has led the application of computer aided design (CAD) and Product Model Information Exchange to the shipbuilding industry. His experience also includes leading the amlication of model based operational analysis to support the Live Fire Test Program for DDG 51 Class Destroyers. Mr. Krishna M. Choppella:is a Sofware Engineer at Eidea Laboratories Incotporated where he works on componentbased distributed enterpvise frameworks. He has been involved in creating data analysis tools for the US Nay by integrating CAD modeis databases and graphical front ends. His work in the Masters degree program in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin was in di0ddase.r spectroscopy of combustion products in porous-matri burners. He received his Bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering in India. He was a Research Associate at the Centre for Laser Technology and Project Engi

Ship design is often multidisciplinary involving several design elements with various types of objectives and constraints (O/C) some easily described as mathematical formulas, others better modeled as descriptive assertions. This paper describes a method based on fuzzy functions and an integrated performance index to model O/C using descriptive assertions to be used with mathematical formulas in optimization. Another issue addressed in this paper concerns the coordination of design elements when sequentially coupled, that is, when one leads the other and the performance of the follower depends greatly on the design of the leader. Based on neuro-fuzzy techniques, the method described here coordinates and optimizes sequentially coupled elements. The two methods are applied to machinery arrangement (MA) and pipe routing (PR). Preliminary models for optimization of MA and PR are described considering convenience, producibility: engine room size, interference and location as factors in the O/C set. Some test results from MA/PR applications are presented and discussed. The methods are generic and can be extended to other elements in ship design. They are mutually independent and may be used separately Two advantages of their use are an improvement in overall performance and a reduction in the need for redesign of elements.

关键词： Optimization

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