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Synergistic effect of silicon availability and salinity on metal adsorption in a common estuarine diatom

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 364-374页

作者： Fengyuan Chen Jie Ma Ke Pan SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Ocean Science The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China

Increasing nitrogen and phosphorus discharge and decreasing sediment input have made silicon(Si)a limiting element for diatoms in *** in nutrient structure and salinity fluctuation can greatly affect metal uptake by estuarine ***,the combined effects of Si and salinity on metal accumulation in these diatoms have not been *** this study,we aimed to investigate how salinity and Si availability combine to influence the adsorption of metals by a widely distributed diatom Phaeodactylum *** data indicate that replete Si and low salinity in seawater can enhance cadmium and copper adsorption onto the diatom *** the single-cell level,surface potential was a dominant factor determining metal adsorption,while surface roughness also contributed to the highermetal loading capacity at lower *** a combination of noninvasive micro-test technology,atomic force microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,we demonstrate that the diversity and abundance of the functional groups embedded in diatom cell walls vary with salinity and Si *** results in a change in the cell surface potential and transient metal *** study provides novel mechanisms to explain the highly variable metal adsorption capacity of a model estuarine diatom.

关键词： Diatom Metal adsorption Silicon Salinity Functional group Surface potential

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Feature Selection for Military Basic Throwing Training Strategy with Machine Learning 6th

Feature Selection for Military Basic Throwing Training Strat...

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6th International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics, ICBHI 2024

作者： Han, Hsieh-Ping Chow, Tong-Hsien Ho, Wen-Hsien PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung807378 Taiwan Department of Sports Science R.O.C. Military Academy Kaohsiung830208 Taiwan Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung807378 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031863226

Basic military training (BMT) is important and initial period for soldiers, especially the military basic throwing performance is one of the key military tactical motor skill. In recent years, machine learning (ML) techniques have been increasingly adopted to analyze extensive datasets and derive meaningful insights. To evaluate the effectiveness of fitness training strategies for military throwing, this study analyzed seven common input features: pull-ups, push-ups, squat concentric/eccentric peak power, squat maximum strength, leg tuck, and a 3 km run. Four data mining models—Random Forest, Multilayer Perceptron, AdaboostM1, and Bagging classifier—were tested to identify the most effective method for predicting performance. The Random Forest model excelled, achieving the highest accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, indicating its superiority in this context. These seven attributes were thus identified as key predictors of military throwing performance. However, further research is necessary to establish a definitive ranking and to fully understand the importance of each feature in refining training strategies. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Personnel training

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Understanding age-related middle ear properties and basilar membrane damage in hearing loss: A finite element analysis and retrospective cohort study

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 184卷 109376-109376页

作者： Shih, Tzu-Ching Yu, You-Cheng Wang, Tang-Chuan Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung404328 Taiwan The PhD Program for Medical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science College of Biomedical Engineering China Medical University Taichung404328 Taiwan Master Program for Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering China Medical University Taichung404328 Taiwan Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital Zhubei City Hsinchu302056 Taiwan

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is primarily attributed to inner-ear factors, yet the role of age-related middle ear characteristics remains elusive. Employing a finite element (FE) model, we conducted a comparative analysis with clinical data extracted from a retrospective cohort study involving 90 younger adults (mean age = 38.1 ± 7.7) and 111 older adults (mean age = 63.8 ± 8.4). The clinical dataset encompassed air-bone gap (ABG) measurements obtained through pure-tone audiometry (PTA) at frequencies of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kHz. FE results quantified the normalized stapes displacement value of the simulated form of air-bone gap (ABGSim) between the two age groups. The Mann-Whitney U test, with a significance threshold set at P © 2024

关键词： Bone

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Effects of ambient silicic acid concentration on the physiology of marine cyanobacterial Synechococcus

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Marine Environmental Research 2025年 209卷 107220页

作者： Ou, Qiang Xu, Huo Zhang, Zhen Ma, Jie Pan, Ke Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University Shenzhen China SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Department of Ocean Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

The marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus can accumulate significant amounts of silicon (Si) within its cells, potentially contributing to the vertical transport of biogenic Si in the ocean. This has prompted interest in understanding the uptake, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms of Si in Synechococcus. The surprisingly high intracellular Si concentration could have important impacts on Synechococcus physiology, but these effects have been relatively unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects of external Si concentrations, [Si(OH)4], on the cell physiology of two strains of Synechococcus (CC9311 and WH7803). Increased ambient [Si(OH)4] significantly enhanced total cellular and water-soluble Si content in Synechococcus, but had little effect on their growth. However, the cell size, volume and photosynthetic performance were significantly reduced in strain WH7803, indicating some harmful effects in the cell. Increases in ambient [Si(OH)4] also altered the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) modulus, adhesion, surface potential and elemental composition of the Synechococcus cells. Notably, significant changes in area-specific adsorbed metals and volume-specific metal content were observed at higher [Si(OH)4] levels, suggesting Si availability in seawater could markedly impact the interactions between Synechococcus cell and environment. Overall, this study provides new insights into the physiological adaptations of marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus to varying environmental silicic acid concentrations. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Psychophysiology

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MiR-1 Is Regulated by Hydrogen Peroxide via MAPK and Limits Cell Migration and Invasion

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Environmental Toxicology 2025年 2025 May 16页

作者： Pacurari, Maricica Cox, Irmanecia Farah, Ibrahim Department of Biology College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University Jackson MS United States RCMI Center for Environmental Health College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University Jackson MS United States Environmental Science PhD Program College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University Jackson MS United States

MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) is a conserved microRNA that is highly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues. Moreover, miR-1 regulates genes and has critical roles in cell migration and invasion. Downregulation of miR-1 has been found in many pathologies of numerous organs, including the lungs. What exactly contributes to the downregulation of miR-1 is not fully understood, and in the present study, we investigated whether ROS regulate miR-1 and its role in cell migration and invasion. A549 cells were grown and maintained in DMEM:F12 (1:1) and supplemented with 10% FBS and 1000 U of Penicillin/Streptomycin and maintained as recommended by the manufacturer (ATCC). Cell migration and invasion, IHC, Western blot, qPCR, ROS, miR-1 transfection, and qPCR were used to determine miR-1 regulation and its role in cell migration. Exogenous miR-1 decreased the formation of ROS and inhibited cell migration and invasion, whereas inhibition of miR-1 increased ROS formation and stimulated cell migration and invasion. Inhibition of miR-1 induced the formation of actin filaments contractile structures, whereas exogenous miR-1 limited the formation of these structures. Hydrogen peroxide significantly decreased miR-1 level, whereas inhibition of Nox4 had no effect on miR-1 level. Alpha amanitin did not decrease miR-1 level, whereas inhibition of NF-кB temporally decreased miR-1 level. This study demonstrates that ROS suppress miR-1 and that miR-1 is posttranscriptionally regulated via MAPK. Endogenous Nox4-dependent ROS are not involved in miR-1 regulation, whereas exogenous ROS regulates miR-1. NF-κB plays a key role in miR-1 regulation in both redox and nonredox environments. Moreover, Mir-1 limits cell migration and invasion even in the presence of ROS. TSP-1 is a major regulator of TGFβ and its expression is upregulated by ROS. Our work indicates ROS is a major regulator of miR-1 and TSP-1 and could be a potential therapeutic target to limit ROS- and non-ROS-mediated processes in l

关键词： cell migration MAPK miR-1 NF-кB Nox4 posttranscriptional ROS TSP-1

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Probabilistic genotype-phenotype maps reveal mutational robustness of RNA folding, spin glasses, and quantum circuits

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Physical Review Research 2025年第1期7卷 013118-013118页

作者： Anna Sappington Vaibhav Mohanty Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA

Recent studies of genotype-phenotype maps have reported universally enhanced phenotypic robustness to genotype mutations, a feature essential to evolution. Virtually all of these studies make a simplifying assumption that each genotype—represented as a sequence—maps deterministically to a single phenotype, such as a discrete structure. Here we introduce probabilistic genotype-phenotype (PrGP) maps, where each genotype maps to a vector of phenotype probabilities, as a more realistic and universal language for investigating robustness in a variety of physical, biological, and computational systems. We study three model systems to show that PrGP maps offer a generalized framework which can handle uncertainty emerging from various physical sources: (1) thermal fluctuation in RNA folding, (2) external field disorder in the spin-glass ground state search problem, and (3) superposition and entanglement in quantum circuits, which are realized experimentally on IBM quantum computers. In all three cases, we observe a biphasic robustness scaling which is enhanced relative to random expectation for more frequent phenotypes and approaches random expectation for less frequent phenotypes. We derive an analytical theory for the behavior of PrGP robustness, and we demonstrate that the theory is highly predictive of empirical robustness.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Improving Transparency on Energy Transportation Losses through Digitalization Technologies

Improving Transparency on Energy Transportation Losses throu...

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International Scientific-Professional Conference on Information Technology (IT)

作者： Amir Farmanesh Irene Pereda Serrano Joaquín Ordieres-Meré Slobodan Bojanic Bojan Prlinčević PhD candidate from the Organizational Enginering Program at the Industrial Engineering School Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Master student delivering her master thesis at the Industrial Engineering School Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Full professor at the Industrial Engineering School Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain An associate professor at the Telecomunications Engineering School Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Full professor at Academy of Applied Studies of Kosovo and Metohija Dostoje Obradoviq Leposaviq Kosovo

ISBN: (数字)9798331517649

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517656

Energy loss in power distribution networks remains a significant economic and environmental concern, often exacerbated by a lack of transparent data and limited realtime visibility. This paper introduces an Internet of Things (IoT) based monitoring system designed to capture, analyze, and securely store granular information on energy flow across a distribution grid. Through strategically and intervally placed sensors and a decentralized data ledger, the proposed system not only improves the spatial resolution of loss detection but also provide trust among stakeholders by preventing data tampering. Unlike traditional solutions reliant on centralized architectures, this approach combines lowcost hardware, scalable communication protocols, and immutable record, keeping to pinpoint inefficiencies in real time. A demonstration scenario validates its potential to identify localized anomalies, stemming from voltage drops, resistive heating, or other factors, more accurately than conventional methods, thereby enabling proactive maintenance and informed resource allocation. By striking a balance between affordability, security, and operational insight, the system lays the groundwork for more resilient and transparent energy distribution networks.

关键词： Transportation Voltage Sensor systems Real-time systems Sensors Internet of Things Stakeholders Security Resource management Spatial resolution

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Medical Image Segmentation by Improved Nested Unet 2nd

Medical Image Segmentation by Improved Nested Unet

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2nd International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Data Science, ISDS 2024

作者： Tran, Song-Toan Le, Minh-Hai Nguyen, Thai-Son Nghi, Vinh-Khanh Nguyen, Thanh-Nguyen School of Engineering and Technology Tra Vinh University Tra Vinh87000 Viet Nam Resource Development Institute Tra Vinh University Tra Vinh87000 Viet Nam PhD program in Computer Science Tra Vinh University Tra Vinh87000 Viet Nam Facilities Management Department Tien Giang University Tien Giang84000 Viet Nam

ISBN: (纸本)9789819796120

Deep learning is revolutionizing the field of medical image segmentation. The U-shaped (Unet) model, with its encoder-decoder architecture and skip connections, has become the dominant architecture for this task. However, variations like Nested-Unet are necessary to address the challenge of adapting network size for datasets of varying scales. This study proposes a novel model based on a multilayer Unet architecture that leverages all output features within nodes of a Nested Unet network. We evaluate the proposed model on four key medical image datasets: electron microscopy (EM), nuclei, polyps (CVC-ClinicDB), and skin lesions. The model achieves impressive Dice scores: 94.08% for EM, 92.68% for nuclei, 87.20% for skin lesions, and 93.02% for the CVC-ClinicDB dataset. These outstanding results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed model compared to recent advancements in the field. Remarkably, the model achieves this performance while maintaining a size that is half that of a traditional Unet model. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Short-Chain Dense Brush Pegylation on Rigid Nanocarriers Overcomes Anti-Peg Antibody Recognition for Immune-Stealth Drug Delivery

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Chen, Ting-Yu Chang, Chi-Yuan Wen, Ting-Chun Xu, Li Lin, Yu-Han Peng, Cheng-Liang Yeh, Yi-Qi Chen, Chueh-Hsuan Chuang, Kuo-Hsiang Wu, Si-Han Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Isotope Application National Atomic Research Institute Taoyuan Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu30076 Taiwan Research Center for Applied Science Academia Sinica Taiwan PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan

The immunogenicity of polyethylene glycol (PEG) remains a critical challenge in nanomedicine, as pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies can compromise therapeutic efficacy through accelerated blood clearance (ABC) and life-threatening hypersensitivity. Here, we address this challenge by engineering the PEG architecture, creating short-chain dense brush PEGylation (PEG500) on rigid mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). Unlike conventional PEG2000-liposomes, MSN-PEG500 evades antibodies via three synergistic mechanisms: (1) short-chain PEG500 reduces epitope accessibility, (2) high grafting density (4.43 chains/nm2, according to TGA) forms an dense steric shield, and (3) the rigid silica surface prevents PEG burial. ELISA studies demonstrated that, at equivalent nanoparticle concentrations, MSN-PEG500 exhibits a 26-fold reduction in anti-PEG IgG (6.3) binding and a 1000-fold reduction in anti-PEG IgM (AGP3) binding compared to Lipodox (PEG2000), both of which target the PEG backbone. Furthermore, radiolabeled MSN-PEG500 achieved prolonged circulation and 25% tumor accumulation (ID/g) at 24 hours. In strongly immunized mice, doxorubicin-loaded MSN-PEG500 preserved therapeutic efficacy and 100% survival, whereas Lipodox induced fatal hypersensitivity. Mechanistic investigations revealed that complement activation drives PEG2000 immunotoxicity, and pretreatment with the C3 inhibitor compstatin effectively mitigated temperature drops from 10°C to 2°C in immunized hosts. By demonstrating that nanoscale control of polymer conformation dictates immunological fate, this work provides a clinically translatable blueprint for developing immune-evasive nanomedicines. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silica nanoparticles

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A multi-nutrient nanocomposite enhances UV stress tolerance and modulates nutrient accumulation in lettuce

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Environmental Science: Nano 2025年

作者： Thangavelu, Raja muthuramalingam da Silva, Washington Hernandez-Viezcas, Jose A. Oyanedel-Craver, Vinka Gardea-Torresdey, Jorge L. Dimkpa, Christian O. White, Jason C. Mena, Nubia Zuverza Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station New Haven 06511 CT United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University Avenue El Paso 79968 TX United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Rhode Island Kingston RI United States Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program University of Texas at El Paso El Paso United States

This study introduces a novel multielement (Zn-Mg-Mn-Fe) nanocomposite that serves both as a UV-protective agent and a nutrient delivery system for Lactuca sativa (lettuce). Plants were grown indoors in a potting soil-like mix, under artificial lighting (from light emitting diodes, LEDs) or under LED + UV radiation to simulate excessive sunlight exposure (light stress). Lettuce was treated with foliar applications of the nanocomposite at 100 mg L⁻¹, 200 mg L⁻¹, and 300 mg L⁻¹, with 1 mL applied per plant during the fifth week of growth (a total of 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 mg of the composite respectively per plant). Plants were exposed to UV radiation (360-400 nm) for 10 hours daily over two weeks. The 300 mg L⁻¹ treatment significantly enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth, increasing chlorophyll content (66.7% ± 3.5), leaf area (45% ± 2.1), and dry biomass (43.68% ± 1.8) compared to untreated and ionic controls. It also mitigated UV-induced stress, reducing UV-induced damage scores by 73% compared to controls and lowering stress markers, with flavonoid production reduced to 30.5% ± 2.3 of control levels and SOD activity reduced to 25.8% ± 1.8 of control levels. The composite's-controlled nutrient release mechanism facilitated rapid Mg uptake (220 mg kg⁻¹ dry weight in leaves within 4 days) and sustained delivery of Zn, Mn, and Fe over a 7-10-day period. Long-term nutrient uptake analysis showed increases in Mn (55.3% ± 3.2), Mg (47.8% ± 2.7), and Fe (62.5% ± 4.1). Enhanced P (28.5% ± 2.2) and K (35.7% ± 3.1) accumulation further boosted the nutritional quality of edible tissues. Additionally, the nanocomposite demonstrated the unique ability to convert harmful UV radiation into visible light, providing dual benefits of UV protection and enhanced photosynthetic activity. These findings highlight the potential of this multi-functional nanocomposite as a sustainable solution to improve crop resilience, optim

关键词： Lettuce

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