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Macrophage-mediated controlled release of cysteine protease inhibitor from PLGA-PEG/hydroxyapatite microspheres for targeting cathepsin S in Alzheimer's disease

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European Polymer Journal 2024年 214卷

作者： Yang, I-Hsuan Kuan, Che-Yung Zhang, Sheng-Long Chen, Zhi-Yu Li, Chi-Han Liang, Ya-Jyun Kuo, Wei-Ting Chang, Chia-Ting Lin, Jason Hsieh, Hsing-Pang Chang, Jang-Yang Lin, Feng-Huei Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National United University Miaoli County Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County Taiwan Taipei Cancer Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

The cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown;however, studies have indicated the increased expression of cathepsin S (CTSS) in AD brains. Cathepsin S acts as a β-secretase, prompting the release of amyloid-β peptides and stimulating microglial cell activation, causing microglial migration, and contributing to neuroinflammation and disease progression. In this study, CT001, an inhibitor of the cysteine protease CTSS, was encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol microspheres combined with hydroxyapatite microspheres (CPPMs/HAMs) to achieve a constant and long-term drug release for AD. The results showed that CPPMs/HAMs had a uniform diameter of approximately 1 μm, enabling macrophage endocytosis and facilitating sustained CT001 release into the bloodstream, ultimately reaching the brain for AD treatment. The developed CPPMs/HAMs demonstrated excellent anti-inflammatory properties and mitigated CTSS expression in an in vitro inflammation microglial model. Intramuscular administration of CPPMs/HAMs improved learning and memory in AD mice during behavioral assessments. Furthermore, CPPMs/HAMs reduced CTSS expression, amyloid-beta accumulation, and deposition in vivo. This study demonstrated the potential of CT001 delivered via CPPMs/HAMs as a promising approach for managing AD in patients. © 2024

关键词： Peptides

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Comparative analysis of various oxygen production techniques using multi-criteria decision-making methods

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 17卷

作者： Aljaghoub, Haya Alasad, Shamma Alashkar, Adnan AlMallahi, Maryam Hasan, Ranem Obaideen, Khaled Alami, Abdul Hai Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering United Arab Emirates University Al Ain City United Arab Emirates Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sustainable Energy and Power Systems Research Center RISE University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Center for Advanced Materials Research University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

The current pandemic has adversely affected oxygen production and supply chain, where oxygen treatment is essential for the emergency treatment protocol of patients infected by the virus. This work reports on various techniques of oxygen generation methods, as well as the challenges facing its production, storage, and transportation. Moreover, this study offers a comparative analysis of various oxygen production techniques using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods (MCDM). Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), in addition to the weighting methodologies, Multiplicative Exponential Weighting (MEW) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) are chosen as tools to carry out the statistical analysis and rank the oxygen production methods. The ranking criteria includes cost, performance, environmental impact and safety. Moreover, this paper utilizes the Entropy Weight Method (EWM), Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) method, and the Stochastic Dominance (SD) method to distribute the criteria weights. The results show thar oxygen production using membrane technologies is the optimal technique based on all the provided tools and criteria. as it attained the maximum Entropy and Sd values of 0.548 through the TOPSIS method, and the highest CRITIC value through SAW and MEW methods which were 0.260 and 0.236, respectively. © 2022 The Author(s)

关键词： Stochastic systems

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COEM: Cross-Modal Embedding for MetaCell Identification

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Mao, Haiyi Jia, Minxue Dou, Jason Xiaotian Zhang, Haotian Benos, Panayiotis V. Department of Computational and Systems Biology University of Pittsburgh PA United States Joint Carnegie Mellon University University of Pittsburgh PhD Program in Computational Biology United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh PA United States

Metacells are disjoint and homogeneous groups of single-cell profiles, representing discrete and highly granular cell states. Existing metacell algorithms tend to use only one modality to infer metacells, even though single-cell multi-omics datasets profile multiple molecular modalities within the same cell. Here, we present Cross-MOdal Embedding for MetaCell Identification (COEM), which utilizes an embedded space leveraging the information of both scATAC-seq and scRNA-seq to perform aggregation, balancing the trade-off between fine resolution and sufficient sequencing coverage. COEM outperforms the state-of-the-art method SEACells by efficiently identifying accurate and well-separated metacells across datasets with continuous and discrete cell types. Furthermore, COEM significantly improves peak-to-gene association analyses, and facilitates complex gene regulatory inference tasks. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Embeddings

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Effect of silver/zinc co-dopant on enhancing cytotoxicity and antibacterial property of spray pyrolyzed bioactive glasses

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Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies 2024年第1期12卷 104-116页

作者： Ningsih, Henni Setia Vietanti, Frizka Wong, Chin-Chean Chou, Yu-Jen Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital New Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Research Center of Biomedical Devices Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Owing to the advancement of bioactive materials, bioactive glasses (BGs) are progressively being recognized as promising choices in fields of bone and tissue engineering with their superior properties such as bioactivity and biocompatibility. However, their applications are limited by the fact that the material itself does not possess antibacterial properties. To address this limitation, antibacterial BGs with silver-zinc co-dopant were proposed and successfully synthesized via the one-step spray pyrolysis technique in this work. The phase composition, chemical composition, surface morphology, and nanoscale structures of the obtained BG specimens were characterized using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, in-vitro bioactivity was assessed through immersion of the SBF solution, while the in-vitro antibacterial property was examined using Escherichia coli bacteria. Meanwhile, the viability of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Finally, the results showed positive effects of zinc addition, and the influence of silver and zinc dopants on the in-vitro bioactivity, antibacterial property, and cell viability were discussed. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of The Korean Ceramic Society and The Ceramic Society of Japan.

关键词： Spray pyrolysis

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Predicting biocrude oil yields from hydrothermal liquefaction of an energy grass: Machine learning approach and experimental validation

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3236卷

作者： Tossapon Katongtung Nakorn Tippayawong Graduate PhD Degree Program in Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

In recent years, our world has been grappling with the challenges of global warming, prompting a search for alternative energy sources that can provide clean and sustainable power without adversely impacting the environment. Biomass has emerged as a viable option due to its potential as a renewable and environmentally friendly energy source. Among various processes available, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) has gained significant attention for its capability of converting wet biomass into biocrude oil in a relatively short timeframe. Previous studies have explored integration of machine learning with HTL to forecast the yields of biocrude oil. This work aims to develop a machine learning model specifically tailored to predicting the biocrude oil yields from the HTL process. Furthermore, experiments were done using Napier 4190 (Giant Juncao Grass) as a biomass source to verify the accuracy of this machine learning model. The findings revealed that the machine learning model achieved an R2 value of approximately 0.8. Model predictions and experimental results show a discrepancy of approximately 6-14%.

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Evaluation of a Telehealth program for High-Risk Pregnancy in a Health Service Provider Institution

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Valencia, Sara Arango Gómez, Juan Guillermo Barrientos Gómez, Maria Camila Luna, Iván Felipe Caicedo, Henry Andrade Torres-Silva, Ever Augusto Díaz, Emmanuel Sanchez School of Health Sciences Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Medellin050005 Colombia Scientific Direction Clinica Universitaria Bolivariana Medellín050005 Colombia Engineering School Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Medellin050005 Colombia PhD program in Engineering Instituto Tecnologico Metropolitano Medellín050005 Colombia School of Health Sciences Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Cl 78 B 72 A-109 Medellin050005 Colombia

eHealth offers a solution to current challenges in maternal health. Telemonitoring can rethink antenatal care, achieving more personalized medicine, especially in high-obstetric risk conditions. A home care model mediated by the development of a mobile and web application that seeks support in clinical decision-making was created in our institution. The software architecture consists of an information system (HCIS, Health Care Information System), a database, an authentication server, and an interoperability bus. The usability of the software was assessed using the CSUQ version 3, as well as the satisfaction of the care model designed through a survey in a prospective observational study in 62 patients with a high-risk pregnancy. Participants were monitored in real-time through blood glucose, blood pressure, and weight measurements, and attended telemedicine appointments with an obstetrician from admission to six weeks postpartum. The CSUQ results show a good acceptance of the use of the application both in the global score and the different domains. Satisfaction results with the program are high in general and by domain. The findings of this study provide some suggestions for the implementation of a technological development and a care model from the patient's perspective. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Obstetrics

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An Interactive Dashboard to Study the Impact of Hurricane Florence on Food Bank Operations

An Interactive Dashboard to Study the Impact of Hurricane Fl...

引用

2020 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence, CSCI 2020

作者： Enyew, Bantwale Odubela, Kehinde Jiang, Steven Davis, Lauren North Carolina at State University Applied Science Technology Phd Program Greensboro United States North Carolina at State University Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Greensboro United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176246

North Carolina is the third most hurricane-prone states in the US. In 2018, Hurricane Florence caused a lot of damages to households in North Carolina. The Food Bank of Central and Eastern North Carolina (FBCENC) serves 34 counties in North Carolina, and 22 of them were affected by Hurricane Florence. This research aims to investigate the impact of Hurricane Florence on the operations of FBCENC. We developed interactive dashboards to visualize food bank operational data and other relevant data and studied the trends and patterns of food distribution in three key stages: preparedness, response, and recovery. These dashboards enable food bank operations managers to explore and interact with the data with ease to explore the operational data at different stages, at different branch level, and on a different time scale (monthly, weekly, or daily). The impact on the operations of affected service areas vs. not affected areas could be investigated as well. The findings of this research will provide insight into how humanitarian relief agencies can better prepare for, respond to, and recover from the disruptions caused by hurricanes. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Hurricanes

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Flake-like structure of SrTiO3 nanoparticles dispersed on graphene oxide: A selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of chloramphenicol in milk and honey samples

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Food Chemistry 2024年 444卷

作者： Sakaleshpur Kumar, Gagankumar Ballur Prasanna, Sanjay Lokesh Marenahalli, Bhuvan Shadakshari, Sandeep Arehalli Shivamurthy, Santhosh Rajabathar, Jothi Ramalingam Chimatahalli Shanthakumar, Karthik Han, Young-Kyu Department of Chemistry SJCE JSS Science and Technology University Karnataka570006 India Department of Energy and Materials Engineering Dongguk University-Seoul Seoul100-715 Korea Republic of Taipei10608 Taiwan International PhD Program for Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing St Taipei11031 Taiwan N.M.K.R.V. College for Women's Karnataka 560011 India Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University P.O. Box. 2455 Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia

The use of Chloramphenicol (CAP), a potent antibiotic with broad-spectrum capabilities in food-producing animals has been restricted by the European Union and several other countries due to its severe side effects. Thus, CAP must be detected quickly and sensitively. In this investigation, the preparation of SrTiO3 nanoparticles was carried out utilizing a hydrothermal technique. The as-synthesized strontium titanate was decorated on the graphene oxide (SrTiO3/GO) using an ultrasonication method. An electrochemical sensor was developed by employing a modified electrode consisting of SrTiO3/GO, which can accurately detect CAP in food samples. The synergistic effect of SrTiO3 and GO could improve the peak current response. Remarkably, the SrTiO3/GO-modified glassy carbon electrode has a LOD and sensitivity of 6.08 µM nM and 2.771 µA·μM−1·cm−2, respectively. This modified electrode was evaluated in food samples and had an outstanding reaction with a high percentage of recovery, which makes it a potential electrocatalyst for CAP detection. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Titanium compounds

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Probabilistic Genotype-Phenotype Maps Reveal Mutational Robustness of RNA Folding, Spin Glasses, and Quantum Circuits

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Sappington, Anna Mohanty, Vaibhav Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Program for Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States

Recent studies of genotype-phenotype (GP) maps have reported universally enhanced phenotypic robustness to genotype mutations, a feature essential to evolution. Virtually all of these studies make a simplifying assumption that each genotype—represented as a sequence—maps deterministically to a single phenotype, such as a discrete structure. Here, we introduce probabilistic genotype-phenotype (PrGP) maps, where each genotype maps to a vector of phenotype probabilities, as a more realistic and universal language for investigating robustness in a variety of physical, biological, and computational systems. We study three model systems to show that PrGP maps offer a generalized framework which can handle uncertainty emerging from various physical sources: (1) thermal fluctuation in RNA folding, (2) external field disorder in spin glass ground state finding, and (3) superposition and entanglement in quantum circuits, which are realized experimentally on IBM quantum computers. In all three cases, we observe a novel biphasic robustness scaling which is enhanced relative to random expectation for more frequent phenotypes and approaches random expectation for less frequent phenotypes. We derive an analytical theory for the behavior of PrGP robustness, and we demonstrate that the theory is highly predictive of empirical robustness. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

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CIWARS: A Web Server for Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance Using Longitudinal Metagenomic Data

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Journal of Molecular Biology 2025年

作者： Emon, Muhit Islam Cheung, Yat Fei Stoll, James Rumi, Monjura Afrin Brown, Connor Choi, Joung Min Moumi, Nazifa Ahmed Ahmed, Shafayat Song, Haoqiu Sein, Justin Yao, Shunyu Khan, Ahmad Gupta, Suraj Kulkarni, Rutwik Butt, Ali Vikesland, Peter Pruden, Amy Zhang, Liqing Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech Blacksburg 24060 VA United States Fralin Life Science Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg 24060 VA United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg 24060 VA United States The Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Virginia Tech Blacksburg 24060 VA United States

The rise of antibiotic resistance (AR) poses a substantial threat to human and animal health, food security, and economic stability. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has emerged as a powerful strategy for population-level AR monitoring, providing valuable data to guide public health and policy decisions. Metagenomic sequencing is especially promising, as it can yield comprehensive profiles of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and other genes relevant to AR in a single run. However, online analytical platforms to facilitate analysis of longitudinal metagenomic data are lacking. To address this, we introduce CyberInfrastructure for Waterborne Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (CIWARS), a web server configured for characterizing key AR trends from longitudinal metagenomic WBS data. CIWARS offers comprehensive profiling of ARGs and taxonomic profiling of pathogen-associated bacterial taxonomic groups, identifies potential associations of ARGs with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and pathogen-containing taxa, and assesses resistome risk based on the co-occurrence of ARGs, MGEs, and pathogen-like sequences. Additionally, it detects anomalous AR indicators over time, aiding in identifying potential events of concern, such as the emergence of resistant strains or outbreaks. Through interactive temporal data visualization, CIWARS enables AR monitoring and can serve as a tool to inform effective and timely interventions to mitigate the spread and transmission of AR. Here, CIWARS is demonstrated using longitudinal metagenomic data from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent and effluent, but it can be extended to any environment. CIWARS provides a valuable tool to support global efforts to combat the evolution and spread of AR, while also guiding agricultural and public health efforts aimed at optimizing antibiotic use. The web server is freely available at https://***/. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： anomaly detection antibiotic resistance (AR) AR indicator profiling longitudinal metagenomics wastewater-based surveillance

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