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Microfluidic nanodevices for drug sensing and screening applications

Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2023年 219卷 114783页

作者： Pal, Arnab Kaswan, Kuldeep Barman, Snigdha Roy Lin, Yu-Zih Chung, Jun-Hsuan Sharma, Manish Kumar Liu, Kuei-Lin Chen, Bo-Huan Wu, Chih-Cheng Lee, Sangmin Choi, Dongwhi Lin, Zong-Hong Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan International Intercollegiate PhD Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center Taoyuan333 Taiwan Center of Quality Management National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch Hsinchu30059 Taiwan College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Institute of Cellular and System Medicine National Health Research Institute Zhunan 35053 Taiwan School of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul06974 Korea Republic of Kyung Hee University Gyeonggi 17104 Korea Republic of

The outbreak of pandemics (e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 in 2019), influenza A viruses (H1N1 in 2009), etc.), and worldwide spike in the aging population have created unprecedented urgency for developing new drugs to improve disease treatment. As a result, extensive efforts have been made to design novel techniques for efficient drug monitoring and screening, which form the backbone of drug development. Compared to traditional techniques, microfluidics-based platforms have emerged as promising alternatives for high-throughput drug screening due to their inherent miniaturization characteristics, low sample consumption, integration, and compatibility with diverse analytical strategies. Moreover, the microfluidic-based models utilizing human cells to produce in-vitro biomimetics of the human body pave new ways to predict more accurate drug effects in humans. This review provides a comprehensive summary of different microfluidics-based drug sensing and screening strategies and briefly discusses their advantages. Most importantly, an in-depth outlook of the commonly used detection techniques integrated with microfluidic chips for highly sensitive drug screening is provided. Then, the influence of critical parameters such as sensing materials and microfluidic platform geometries on screening performance is summarized. This review also outlines the recent applications of microfluidic approaches for screening therapeutic and illicit drugs. Moreover, the current challenges and the future perspective of this research field is elaborately highlighted, which we believe will contribute immensely towards significant achievements in all aspects of drug development. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Microfluidics

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Author Correction: SCON-a Short Conditional intrON for conditional knockout with one-step zygote injection

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Experimental & molecular medicine 2023年第6期55卷 1278-1280页

作者： Szu-Hsien Sam Wu Heetak Lee Réka Szép-Bakonyi Gabriele Colozza Ayse Boese Krista R Gert Natalia Hallay Ji-Hyun Lee Jihoon Kim Yi Zhu Margot M Linssen Sandra Pilat-Carotta Peter Hohenstein Hans-Christian Theussl Andrea Pauli Bon-Kyoung Koo Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA) Vienna BioCenter (VBC) Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3 1030 Vienna Austria. samwu202@***. Vienna BioCenter PhD Program Doctoral School of the University at University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna 1030 Vienna Austria. samwu202@***. Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA) Vienna BioCenter (VBC) Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3 1030 Vienna Austria. Center for Genome Engineering Institute for Basic Science Expo-ro 55 Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34126 Republic of Korea. Vienna BioCenter PhD Program Doctoral School of the University at University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna 1030 Vienna Austria. Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) Vienna BioCenter (VBC) Campus-Vienna-BioCenter 1 1030 Vienna Austria. Department of Medical and Biological Sciences Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 South Korea. Transgenic Facility Leiden Central Animal Facility Leiden University Medical Center Postbus 9600 2300 RC Leiden The Netherlands. IMP/IMBA Transgenic Service Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) Vienna Austria. Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA) Vienna BioCenter (VBC) Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3 1030 Vienna Austria. koobk@ibs.re.kr. Center for Genome Engineering Institute for Basic Science Expo-ro 55 Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34126 Republic of Korea. koobk@ibs.re.kr.

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Improving the lifestyle behavior of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using a mobile application

Improving the lifestyle behavior of type 2 diabetes mellitus...

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IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Andreia Pinto João Viana Diogo Martinho Vítor Crista José Miguel Diniz Joana Reis João Matos David Greer Goreti Marreiros Alberto Freitas Department of Community Medicine Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS) Faculty of Medicine Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS) University of Porto Porto Portugal Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD) Institute of Engineering Polytechnic of Porto Porto Portugal Health Data Science PhD Program Faculty of Medicine Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS) University of Porto Lisboa Portugal CLOO - Behavioral Insights Unit Faculty of Psychology CICPSI - Research Center for Psychological Science University of Lisbon Lisboa Portugal Behavioral Insights Unit CLOO Porto Portugal Behavioral Insights Unit CLOO Lisboa Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9781665497923

ISBN: (纸本)9781665497930

Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly prevalent disease and patients do not always manage the disease properly. Therefore, creating tools that help diabetics self-manage their condition over time is of the utmost importance. Technological tools that include features meeting this population's needs, with an integrated personalized feedback system, in an environment of gamified incentives, may be the way for developing a sustained app's usage. This work aims to present a still in development, novel approach to managing diabetes type 2 with a focus on data analysis from user-inputs, gamification, and personalized coaching, with an accessible user interface. Thus, we will present some functionalities, in particular the theoretical and practical concept that is behind this development, namely the Transtheoretical model of behavior change to create different profiles, to provide customized feedback according to the user's behavioral stage, and also to ascertain if it induces any improvement at the behavioral level.

关键词： Computers Data analysis Computational modeling User interfaces Diabetes Behavioral sciences Mobile applications

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Artificial intelligence applications in histopathology

Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering

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Nature Reviews Electrical engineering 2024年第2期1卷 93-108页

作者： Cagla Deniz Bahadir Mohamed Omar Luigi Marchionni Benjamin Liechty David J. Pisapia Jacob Rosenthal Mert R. Sabuncu Biomedical Engineering Cornell University and Cornell Tech New York NY USA Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program New York NY USA Radiology Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University and Cornell Tech New York NY USA

Histopathology is a vital diagnostic discipline in medicine, fundamental to our understanding, detection, assessment and treatment of conditions such as cancer, dementia and heart disease. Traditionally, the standard workflow in histopathology has primarily relied on the visual interpretation of tissue samples carried out by human experts under a light microscope. Since the 2000s, thanks to advances in scanning technologies such as whole-slide imaging, histopathology is undergoing a digital transformation. The rapid increase in digital data is fuelling the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods. In this Review, we delve into the latest progress in AI methods for histopathology, which promise to yield accurate, scalable, useful and affordable support tools for clinical decision. We examine the challenges and opportunities in this domain, exploring historically important approaches and problems that have shaped the field, while also highlighting recent technological breakthroughs that are poised to redefine its future. Furthermore, we offer an overview of publicly available datasets that have been instrumental in propelling the development of AI methods in histopathology.

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Author Correction: Developing a Canadian artificial intelligence medical curriculum using a Delphi study

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NPJ digital medicine 2025年第1期8卷 5页

作者： Rohit Singla Nikola Pupic Seyed-Aryan Ghaffarizadeh Caroline Kim Ricky Hu Bruce B Forster Ilker Hacihaliloglu MD/PhD Program Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. rsingla@ece.ubc.ca. School of Biomedical Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. rsingla@ece.ubc.ca. MD Undergraduate Program Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. Department of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. Department of Radiology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada.

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A new sterol from the Formosan soft coral Lobophytum durum

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Journal of Molecular Structure 2024年第Part2期1296卷

作者： Hung, Chia-Ling Huang, Li-Chieh Shih, Kun-Yauh Lai, Kuei-Hung Peng, Bo-Rong Hwang, Tsong-Long Chien, Su-Ying Li, Chia-Ying Chung, Hsu-Ming Department of Applied Chemistry National Pingtung University Pingtung900391 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei11031 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan333323 Taiwan Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan333324 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan333423 Taiwan Instrumentation Center National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan

Chromatographic investigation on the ethyl acetate extract of the soft coral Lobophytum durum collected from the waters of Guishan Island in northeast Taiwan resulted in the isolation of three sterols 1–3, including one new sterol, 3β-hydroxy-25-methylene-5-cholesten-7-one (1), and two previously reported sterols, 7-oxogorgosterol (2), and (24R)-ergostane-3β,5α,6β,25-tetraol 25-monoacetate (3). The structures of sterols 1–3 were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis and by comparison with literatures. Additionally, the 24R-configuration of sterol 3 was identified by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and 13C chemical shifts for first time. The anti-inflammatory activities of sterols 1–3 were evaluated by examining their inhibitory effects on the generation of superoxide anions and the release of elastase against activated human neutrophils. © 2023

关键词： Spectroscopic analysis

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CCL5 Protects Cortical Neuron Function by Regulating M2 Microglia Activation After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Tsai, Yih-Jeng Ho, Man-Hau Yen, Chia-Hung Wang, Jia-Yi Burnouf, Thierry Chen, Chia-Yen Wang, Yun Chiang, Yung-Hsiao Hoffer, Barry J. Chou, Szu-Yi Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Shin Kong Wu HoSu Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University National Health Research Institute Taiwan Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Neipu Pingtung91201 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei11031 Taiwan Neuroscience Research Center Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan NeuroTMULille International Laboratory Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International PhD Program in Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Brain and Consciousness Research Centre TMU Shuang Ho Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan Center for Neuropsychiatric Research National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Miaoli County Taiwan Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University 11031 Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine ClevelandOH United States Scientist Emeritus National Institutes of Health United States International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Cytokines and chemokines play important roles in inflammation and repair following brain injury. M1 microglia are pro-inflammatory which produce cytokines and lead to neural injury;in contrast, M2 microglia are anti-inflammatory, release neurotrophic factors, and promote neural repair processes. Chemokine CCL5, increased after TBI, shows a neuroprotective function by reducing oxidative stress. CCL5 may contribute to the balance between oxidative stress and immune responses after brain injury. Herein, we investigated the role of CCL5 in microglial polarization after mild traumatic brain injury, focusing on the cerebral cortex.C57BL/6 and CCL5 knockout (CCL5-KO) mice were given a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) using weight-drop. Neurological parameters such as motor and sensory functions were analyzed by mNSS score, accelerating rotarod, beam walking, and adhesive removal tests. Oxidative stress and neuron damage were measured by NADPH oxidase activity, hypoxyloprobe staining and FJC. Performance of motor and sensory functions in both WT and CCL5-KO mice were impaired after brain injury which recovered after 7 days-post-injury (dpi) in the WT group but only after 14 days in the CCL5-KO mouse group. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that pro-inflammation cytokines - IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 were higher in CCL5-KO mice compared to WT mice at 4 and 14 dpi. In contrast, M2-like microglia markers - IL-10 and Agr-1 were increased in WT mouse cortical tissue at 4 dpi. Oxidative stress increased both M1 and M2- related cytokine expression in BV2 cells treated with H 2 O 2;CCL5 treatment increased M2- but suppressed M1- related cytokine gene activation. Intranasal delivery of CCL5 reduced neuronal oxidative stress, increased IL-10 expression and improved motor and sensory functions in CCL5-KO mice after brain *** summary, CCL5, which alters immune responses and protects neurons from TBI damage, has an important function in regulating M2-like microglial polarization during post-

关键词： Polarization

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Fate and state transitions during human blood vessel organoid development

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Cell 2025年

作者： Nikolova, Marina T. He, Zhisong Seimiya, Makiko Jonsson, Gustav Cao, Wuji Okuda, Ryo Wimmer, Reiner A. Okamoto, Ryoko Penninger, Josef M. Camp, J. Gray Treutlein, Barbara Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering ETH Zurich Basel Switzerland Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria Vienna BioCenter PhD Program Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1030 Austria Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Roche Innovation Center Basel Switzerland Department of Medical Genetics Life Science Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 BC Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research Braunschweig Germany Institute of Human Biology Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Roche Innovation Center Basel Basel Switzerland Biozentrum University of Basel Basel Switzerland

Human blood vessel organoids (hBVOs) have emerged as a system to model human vascular development and disease. Here, we use single-cell multi-omics together with genetic and signaling pathway perturbations to reconstruct hBVO development. Mesodermal progenitors bifurcate into endothelial and mural fates in vitro, and xenografted BVOs acquire definitive arteriovenous endothelial cell specification. We infer a gene regulatory network and use single-cell genetic perturbations to identify transcription factors (TFs) and receptors involved in cell fate specification, including a role for MECOM in endothelial and mural specification. We assess the potential of BVOs to generate organotypic states, identify TFs lacking expression in hBVOs, and find that induced LEF1 overexpression increases brain vasculature specificity. Finally, we map vascular disease-associated genes to hBVO cell states and analyze an hBVO model of diabetes. Altogether, we provide a comprehensive cell state atlas of hBVO development and illuminate the power and limitation of hBVOs for translational research. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： arteriovenous specification human blood vessel organoid human development organoid cell atlas single-cell genomics single-cell perturbation screen

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Resolution-Enhanced MRI-Guided Navigation of Spinal Cellular Injection Robot

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Martinez, Daniel Enrique Meinhold, Waiman Oshinski, John Hu, Ai-Ping Ueda, Jun Robotics PhD Program Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Radiology Emory University Food Processing Technology Division Georgia Tech Research Institute George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

This paper presents a method of navigating a surgical robot beyond the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by using a resolution enhancement technique enabled by high-precision piezoelectric actuation. The surgical robot was specifically designed for injecting stem cells into the spinal cord. This particular therapy can be performed in a shorter time by using a MRI-compatible robotic platform than by using a manual needle positioning platform. Imaging resolution of fiducial markers attached to the needle guide tubing was enhanced by reconstructing a high-resolution image from multiple images with sub-pixel movements of the robot. The parallel-plane direct-drive needle positioning mechanism positioned the needle guide with a high spatial precision that is two orders of magnitude higher than typical MRI resolution up to 1 mm. Reconstructed resolution enhanced images were used to navigate the robot precisely that would not have been possible by using standard MRI. Experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed enhanced-resolution image-guided intervention. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Needles

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Initial Results of a Prototype AWSM-PET Device for Augmented Whole-body PET Imaging

Initial Results of a Prototype AWSM-PET Device for Augmented...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Y. Chen M. Hambdi S. Komarov R. A. Mintzer S. Cho D. Pocci A. Thomas J. Corbeil J. Breuer M. Judenhofer N. Wu J. Frye F. Dehdashti J. A. O’Sullivan R. Laforest S. B. Siegel Y.-C. Tai Imaging Science PhD Program Washington University in St.Louis St. Louis Missouri United States of America Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri United States of America Molecular Imaging Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc Knoxville Tennessee United States of America Department of Chemistry Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri United States of America Department of Biostatistics Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis United States of America Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis Missouri St. Louis United States of America

The Augmented Whole-body Scanning via Magnifying PET (AWSM-PET) is a technology designed to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of whole-body (WB) PET/CT imaging for the detection of small lesions. We recently constructed the first prototype AWSM-PET device that consists of two panels of high-resolution time-of-flight (TOF) PET detectors (using ~1mm pitched LSO crystals), integrated with the standard readout electronics and event processing architecture of the Siemens Biograph Vision scanner. The system exhibits excellent spatial, energy and timing resolution, with an average coincidence resolving time of ~183 ps FWHM and an average energy resolution of ~11% FWHM at 511 keV. Custom firmware and software have been developed to encode the large number of detector elements and to enable coincidence detection between the AWSM-PET detectors and the Biograph Vision *** tests of the AWSM-PET device show the image resolution of the Biograph Vision scanner is improved from the original >3mm to ~2mm FWHM. A GPU-based list-mode image reconstruction framework has been expanded to incorporate the point-spread function (PSF) of the native scanner and the AWSM-PET detectors to optimize the spatial resolution and improve image *** step-and-shoot and continuous-bed motion imaging protocols are supported for the AWSM-PET operation and are being evaluated for the reconstructed image resolution and the uniformity of the overall system sensitivity across a long axial FOV. Extensive phantom imaging studies are ongoing to evaluate the system's performance. Initial human imaging studies will be presented in the upcoming 2023 Medical Imaging Conference.

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