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Multivariate Developmental Pattern of Cortical Thickness, Brain Functional Connectivity and Behaviour: A Multi-Block Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis 3

Multivariate Developmental Pattern of Cortical Thickness, Br...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Metrology for eXtended Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Neural Engineering, MetroXRAINE 2024

作者： Tassi, Emma Goffi, Federica Bonivento, Carolina Mauri, Maddalena Agarwal, Nivedita Girometti, Rossano Torrente, Yvan Bianchi, Anna Maria Nobile, Maria Maggioni, Eleonora Brambilla, Paolo Irccs Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Dept. of Neurosciences and Mental Health Milan Italy Politecnico di Milano Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Milan Italy Polo Fvg Scientific Institute Irccs 'Eugenio Medea' Pasian di Prato Udine Italy Child Psychopathology Unit Scientific Institute Irccs Eugenio Medea Bosisio Parini Italy School of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-Bicocca PhD program in Neuroscience Milan Italy Scientific Institute Irccs E. Medea Neuroimaging Lab Bosisio Parini Italy Institute of Radiology University of Udine Department of Medicine Udine Italy Universita degli Studi di Milano Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation Milan Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378009

The intricate relationship between emotional and behavioral traits and brain anatomy and function during childhood and adolescence is crucial for elucidating the neurobiological basis of diverse psychopathological disorders but it still largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to quantitatively evaluate the multivariate patterns of association between brain activity, cortical brain characteristics, and core clinical and behavioral features in a sample of forty subjects with age ranging between 11-21 years who were referred for emotional-behavioral problems. By exploiting a multi-block partial least square discriminant analysis (MBPLS-DA) framework, we attempt to explain the multivariate relations among the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and brain structure and function assessed via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Based on individual importance of each block, our findings showed a prominent contribution of regional cortical thickness data in explaining the variance of CBCL scales. By analyzing each block's loadings individually, a prominent positive association was found among regional cortical thickness in paracentral, lateral occipital cortex, precuneus and CBCL composite scores of psychotic, autism spectrum disorder risk profiles and withdrawn scale. Furthermore, the same CBCL scores were also found positively associated with functional connections involving regions of anterior and median cingulate cortex, caudate nucleus, inferior parietal lobule and angular gyrus. Our investigation suggests a key role of brain structure and function in shaping behavioral traits that might be predispose to psychopathology during childhood and adolescence. The proposed MBPLS-DA application promotes broader adoption of this technique across diverse and multimodal MRI and clinical datasets. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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The Diverse Genetic Landscape of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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Genomics and Human Genetics 1000年第1期15卷 195-213页

作者： Wen F. Hu Maria H. Chahrour Christopher A. Walsh 3Harvard-MIT MD-PhD MSTP Program 2Program in Neuroscience 1Division of Genetics and Genomics Department of Medicine Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts 02115 email: wenfanhu@hms.harvard.edu maria.chahrour@childrens.harvard.edu christopher.walsh@childrens.harvard.edu 6Autism Consortium Boston Massachusetts 02115 4Department of Pediatrics 5Department of Neurology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115

Advances in genetic tools and sequencing technology in the past few years have vastly expanded our understanding of the genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent high-throughput sequencing analyses of structural brain malformations, cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders, and localized cortical dysplasias have uncovered a diverse genetic landscape beyond classic Mendelian patterns of inheritance. The underlying genetic causes of neurodevelopmental disorders implicate numerous cell biological pathways critical for normal brain development.

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Reliable change indices for the Italian Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS)

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders 2023年第3-4期24卷 339-342页

作者： Edoardo Nicolò Aiello Federica Solca Silvia Torre Laura Carelli Alessia Monti Roberta Ferrucci Federico Verde Nicola Ticozzi Vincenzo Silani Barbara Poletti 1 IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience Milano Italy2 PhD Program in Neuroscience School of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-Bicocca Monza Italy 1 IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience Milano Italy 3 Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences Casa di Cura del Policlinico Milano Italy 4 Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics Department of Health Sciences International Medical School University of Milan Milano Italy5 ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo San Paolo University Hospital Milano Italy6 IRCCS Ca’ Granda Foundation Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Milano Italy 1 IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience Milano Italy7 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation “Dino Ferrari Center” Università Degli Studi di Milano Milano Italy

This study aimed at providing standardized regression-based (SRB) reliable change indices (RCIs) for the Italian Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS). Thirty-one consecutive ALS patients undergoing the ECAS were followed-up (T1) at 6.5 ± 1 months (range= 5–8). Ceiling/floor effects, practice effect, and test–retest reliability were assessed. Each ECAS measure was regressed by stepwise-entering as predictors demographics, respective T0 scores, T0 disease duration and ALSFRS-R, retest interval, and progression rate (ΔFS) – i.e., (48 - ALSFRS-RT0)/disease durationT0in months. Ceiling effects were infrequently detected, no practice effect emerged and all ECAS measures were reliable at retest (except for Language and Visuo-spatial subscales). T0 scores predicted all ECAS measures except for the Visuo-spatial subscale. The availability of RCIs for the Italian ECAS will aid ALS-related clinical practice and research within the longitudinal dimension.

关键词： Reliable change index Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen amyotrophic lateral sclerosis neuropsychology psychometrics

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The mystery of phospho-Drp1 with four adaptors in cell cycle: when mitochondrial fission couples to cell fate decisions

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Cell Cycle 2023年第21-22期22卷 2485-2503页

作者： Wu, Nian-Siou Ma, I-Chu Lin, Yi-Fan Ko, Huey-Jiun Loh, Joon-Khim Hong, Yi-Ren Department of Education Hsin-Chu Branch National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Taiwan PhD Program in Molecular Medicine National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Division of Neurology China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Education National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Graduate Institutes of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Biological Sciences National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Center for Cancer Research Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Neuroscience Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Recent study had deepened our knowledge of the mitochondrial dynamics to classify mitochondrial fission into two types. To further clarify the relationship between the two distinct fission machinery and the four major adaptors of Drp1, we propose a model of mechanism elucidating the multiple functions of phospho-Drp1 with its adaptors during cell cycle and providing in-depth insights into the molecular basis and evolutionary implications in depth. The model highlights not only the clustering characteristics of different phospho-Drp1 with respective subsets of mitochondrial pro-fission adaptors but also the correlation, crosstalk and shifting between different clustering of phosphorylated Drp1-adaptors during different key fission situations. Particularly, phospho-Drp1 (Ser616) couples with Mff/MiD51 to exert mitochondrial division and phospho-Drp1 (Ser637) couples with MiD49/Fis1 to execute mitophagy in M-phase. We then apply the model to address the relationship of mitochondrial dynamics to Parkinson’s disease (PD) and carcinogenesis. Our proposed model is indeed compatible with current research results and pathological observations, providing promising directions for future treatment design. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： cell cycle Drp1 Mitochondrial Adaptors mitophagy phosphorylation

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Reply to "Understanding the sources of cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) variability: Unraveling target-specific and state-dependent influences"

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Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology 2023年 156卷 293-294页

作者： Arantzazu San Agustín Domenica Veniero Jose L Pons Julio C Hernandez-Pavon PhD Program in Neuroscience Autonoma de Madrid University-Cajal Institute Madrid 28029 Spain. Electronic address: arantzazusanagustinperez@***. School of Psychology University of Nottingham Nottingham UK. Legs + Walking Lab Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (Formerly The Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago) Chicago IL USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA. Department of Psychological Sciences Kansas State University USA. Electronic address: juliohpavon@ksu.edu.

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Social environment affects the vulnerability to adolescent-onset depression and determines antidepressant efficacy in a preclinical model

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neuroscience Applied 2023年 2卷

作者： N. Ciano Albanese A. Reccagni C. Barezzi F. Marsili S. Poggini I. Branchi Istituto Superiore di Sanità Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health Rome Italy Sapienza University of Rome PhD program in Clinical-experimental Neuroscience and Psychiatry Rome Italy

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Exergames： neuroplastic hypothesis about cognitive improvement and biological effects on physical function of institutionalized older persons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第2期11卷 201-204页

作者： Renato Sobral Monteiro-Junior Cesar Augusto Otero Vaghetti Osvaldo Jose M. Nascimento Jerson Laks Andrea Camaz Deslandes Physical Education and Sport Department of the Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros Minas GeraisBrazil Post Graduation Program(PhD)in Medicine(Neurology-Neuroscience) Universidade Federal FluminenseNiteroiBrazil Neuroscience Laboratory of Exercise Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Higher School of Physical Education Universidade Federal de PelotasPelotasBrazil Neurology Department Universidade Federal FluminenseNiteroiBrazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biomedicina Translacional-Biotrans Universidade UnigranrioBrazil Institute of Psychiatry UniversidadeFederal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa do Envelhecimento Instituto Vital BrasilRio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Physical Education and Sport Universdiade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil

Exergames can be considered a dual task because the games are performed by a man-videogame interface, requiring cognitive and motor functions simultaneously. Although the literature has shown improvements of cognitive and physical functions due to exergames, the intrinsic mechanisms involved in these functional changes have still not been elucidated. The aims of the present study were（1） to demonstrate the known biological mechanisms of physical exercise regarding muscle adaptation and establish a relationship with exergames; and（2） to present a neurobiological hypothesis about the neuroplastic effects of exergames on the cognitive function of institutionalized older persons. These hypotheses are discussed.

关键词： virtual reality elderly nursing-home physical activity cognition neuroplasticity

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Anticipatory synergy adjustments and anticipatory postural adjustments: Effects of predictability of perturbation direction

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Gait & Posture 2016年 49卷 S3-S4页

作者： Piscitelli, D. Falaki, A. Cerri, C.G. Latash, M.L. School of Medicine and Surgery Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine PhD Program in Neuroscience University of Milan-Bicocca Milan Italy Department of Kinesiology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

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An investigation on the alterations in Wnt signaling in ADHD across developmental stages

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neuroscience Applied 2024年 3卷

作者： Walter, Natalie Monet Yde Ohki, Cristine Marie Rickli, Michelle Smigielski, Lukasz Walitza, Susanne Grünblatt, Edna Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Translational Molecular Psychiatry Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Wagistrasse 12 Schlieren 8952 Switzerland Biomedicine PhD Program University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 11 Zurich 8057 Switzerland Neuroscience Center Zurich University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 11 Zurich 8057 Switzerland Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 11 Zurich 8057 Switzerland

The canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays a vital role in the developmental processes of the Central Nervous System throughout both prenatal and postnatal stages, as well as in maintaining homeostasis during adulthood. Its complex intracellular cascade involves the participation of key proteins (i.e., GSK3β and β-catenin) to activate the transcription of Wnt target genes. These genes subsequently control processes like cell proliferation, maturation, and the determination of cell fate. Previous studies suggest that this pathway can also be associated with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial etiology. This study aimed to clarify if and at what developmental stage the Wnt pathway is altered in ADHD. Accordingly, we carried out proteomic and functional assessments of the Wnt pathway using Western Blot and reporter assays, respectively. These assessments were performed at the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC), neural stem cell (NSC), and neuronal phases. IPSCs were generated from somatic cells retrieved from 5 controls and 5 patients diagnosed with ADHD. As opposed to the developmental stage of iPSCs, ADHD NSCs showed alterations in the protein expression of both GSK3β and β-catenin, suggesting increased Wnt activity in the ADHD group. Moreover, Wnt reporter assays confirmed higher Wnt activity in ADHD NSCs. Our molecular findings in NSCs correlated with genetic predisposition to ADHD and clinical traits displayed by their respective donors. In conclusion, these results suggest that a crucial cellular pathway is disrupted in patient-specific NSCs, potentially explaining the developmental deficits clinically exhibited by ADHD patients. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Forebrain cortical neurons Induced pluripotent stem cells Neural stem cells Wnt signaling

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Protocol for a Wnt reporter assay to measure its activity in human neural stem cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells

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Current Research in Neurobiology 2023年 5卷 100095页

作者： Yde Ohki, Cristine Marie Walter, Natalie Monet Rickli, Michelle Salazar Campos, José Maria Werling, Anna Maria Döring, Christian Walitza, Susanne Grünblatt, Edna Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Translational Molecular Psychiatry Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Wagistrasse 12 Schlieren 8952 Switzerland Neuroscience Center Zurich University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 11 Zurich 8057 Switzerland Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 11 Zurich 8057 Switzerland Biomedicine PhD Program University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 11 Zurich 8057 Switzerland

The canonical Wnt signaling is an essential pathway that regulates cellular proliferation, maturation, and differentiation during neurodevelopment and maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis. This pathway has been implicated with the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and was associated with cognitive processes, such as learning and memory. However, the molecular investigation of the Wnt signaling in functional human neural cell lines might be challenging since brain biopsies are not possible and animal models may not represent the polygenic profile of some neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this context, using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has become a powerful tool to model disorders that affect the Central Nervous System (CNS) in vitro, by maintaining patients’ genetic backgrounds. In this method paper, we report the development of a virus-free Wnt reporter assay in neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from human iPSCs from two healthy individuals, by using a vector containing a reporter gene (luc2P) under the control of a TCF/LEF (T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor) responsive element. Dose-response curve analysis from this luciferase-based method might be useful when testing the activity of the Wnt signaling pathway after agonists (e.g. Wnt3a) or antagonists (e.g. DKK1) administration, comparing activity between cases and controls in distinct disorders. Using such a reporter assay method may help to elucidate whether neurological or neurodevelopmental mental disorders show alterations in this pathway, and testing whether targeted treatment may reverse these. Therefore, our established assay aims to help researchers on the functional and molecular investigation of the Wnt pathway in patient-specific cell types comprising several neuropsychiatric disorders. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Human stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cells Neural stem cells Neuropsychiatry Reporter assay Wnt signaling

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