作者：
SANDOVAL, JJonathan Sandoval
PhD is associate professor School Psychology Program Department of Education University of California Davis California 95616
OBJECTIVE: Social cognition and executive deficits are frequent in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Yet, there is a paucity of standardized domain-specific psychometric tools for the assessment of complex ...
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OBJECTIVE: Social cognition and executive deficits are frequent in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Yet, there is a paucity of standardized domain-specific psychometric tools for the assessment of complex decision-making, social cognition (i.e., Theory of Mind), and empathy. To this aim, this study intended at providing normative data in an Italian population sample for the Iowa Gambling Task, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. METHOD: The Iowa Gambling Task, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index were administered to 462 healthy Italian participants aged between 18 and 91 years, considering demographic factors. A confirmatory factor analysis was run to test for unidimensionality. Normative values were derived by means of the Equivalent Scores method. RESULTS: Education predicted all tests' scores, age influenced scores at the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, gender predicted empathic abilities only. The three tests did not underpin a unidimensional structure. CONCLUSIONS: The present work provides demographically adjusted Italian normative data for a set of tests assessing real-life decision-making, emotion recognition and empathy, filling a gap within II-level, domain-specific, neuropsychological testing. For the first time, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index is proposed as an adjuvant neuropsychological tool, while the standardization of the Iowa Gambling Task offers a new scoring system for advantageous/disadvantageous choices.
作者：
MUELLER, MJMINOR, SDSAHRMANN, SASCHAAF, JASTRUBE, MJMJ Mueller
PhD PT is Assistant Professor Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of Medicine 660 S Euclid Box 8083 St Louis MO 63110 (USA). SD Minor
PhD PT is Assistant Professor Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of Medicine. SA Sahrmann
PhD PT FAPTA is Associate Professor Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of Medicine. JA Schaaf
PhD is Visiting Research Associate and Lecturer Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of California Davis CA 95616. He was Hunter Assistant Professor of Mechanical Design Mechanical Engineering Washington University at the time of this study. MJ Strube
PhD is Professor of Psychology Washington University.
Background and *** with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy have a high incidence of injuries while walking. Biomechanical analysis of their walking may lead to treatments to reduce these injuries. The purpose of this ...
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Background and *** with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy have a high incidence of injuries while walking. Biomechanical analysis of their walking may lead to treatments to reduce these injuries. The purpose of this study was to compare (1) the gait characteristics, (2) the plantar-flexor peak torques, and (3) the ankle range of motion of subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) and peripheral neuropathy with those of age-matched *** subjects, 10 with DM and a history of peripheral neuropathy (DM group) (mean age=58 years, SD=15, range=35–75) and 10 subjects without diabetes (NODM group) (mean age=57 years, SD=11, range=37–68), were *** following data were collected on all subjects: ankle joint mobility, plantar-flexor peak torque (ankle strength), kinematics of the trunk and lower extremity during normal walking, and ground reaction forces. Moments and power at the ankle, knee, and hip during walking were calculated using a two-dimensional link-segment *** DM group subjects showed less ankle mobility, ankle moment, ankle power, velocity, and stride length during walking than the NODM group subjects. A significant decrease in ankle strength and mobility appeared to be the primary factor contributing to the altered walking patterns of the DM *** and *** DM group subjects appeared to pull their legs forward using hip flexor muscles (hip strategy) rather than pushing the legs forward using plantar-flexor muscles (ankle strategy), as seen in the NODM group subjects. Implications for treatment are presented to attempt to reduce the number of injuries during walking in patients with DM and peripheral neuropathy.
Focuses on graduate training in school psychology in the United States. Interdepartmental affiliations existing within many training programs; Exposure of faculty responsible for training school psychologists in varie...
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Focuses on graduate training in school psychology in the United States. Interdepartmental affiliations existing within many training programs; Exposure of faculty responsible for training school psychologists in varied areas within psychology and education; Accrediting organizations; Training standards; Different models of training for school psychologists.
This study investigated the hypothesis that differences in performance between reading disabled and normal children on a rote memory task could be eliminated if both groups were induced to process the material to be r...
This study investigated the hypothesis that differences in performance between reading disabled and normal children on a rote memory task could be eliminated if both groups were induced to process the material to be remembered in the same manner. The free recall of fourth-grade good and poor readers was tested following a free study period and the performance of an orienting task that required subjects to sort the material into taxonomic categories. There was a significant group by conditions interaction, with recall differences in the free study condition being eliminated following performance of the orienting task. The results have important implications for theoretical explanations of performance deficits in reading disabled children.
Ethnic differences have been found in caregivers’ level and type of formal and informal social support offered to people with dementia. Both types of social support influence the emotional wellbeing of people with de...
Ethnic differences have been found in caregivers’ level and type of formal and informal social support offered to people with dementia. Both types of social support influence the emotional wellbeing of people with dementia. This study examined the influence of ethnicity on the relationship between the depression severity of people with dementia and the factors of social support and quality of care. As part of a larger study, 101 Latino American, 214 African American, and 321 Caucasian older adults with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) were evaluated using the Mini Mental Status Exam. Caregivers were administered the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, the Revised Memory and Problem Behavior Checklist, the Quality of Care questionnaire, and questions pertaining to the frequency of Formal Care and Social Support. A multiple regression model revealed that after controlling for patients’ mental status and caregiver depression, a composite variable that combined quality of care and social support significantly explained an additional 2% of the variance in this sample. When examining these factors by ethnic group, caregiver depression remained an important predictor of the person’s depression severity. However, only quality of care significantly predicted depression for Latino older adults with dementia, whereas, only frequency of social support predicted depression in African American older adults with dementia. For Caucasians, neither quality of care or social support significantly predicted depression. These findings suggest that mental health professionals should consider ethnic differences when considering the relationship of quality of care and social support on the level of depression in people with dementia.
Mathematical competency is vital to success in engineering. Competency requires not only short-term mastery of mathematical concepts, but also long-term retention. Research in cognitive psychology shows that the more ...
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