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arXiv 2018年

作者： Nayebi, Aran Bear, Daniel Kubilius, Jonas Kar, Kohitij Ganguli, Surya Sussillo, David DiCarlo, James J. Yamins, Daniel L.K. Neurosciences PhD Program Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Psychology Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Computer Science Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Applied Physics Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States McGovern Institute for Brain Research MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States Brain and Cognition KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Google Brain Google Inc. Mountain ViewCA94043 United States Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute StanfordCA94305 United States

Feed-forward convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are currently state-of-the-art for object classification tasks such as ImageNet. Further, they are quantitatively accurate models of temporally-averaged responses of neurons in the primate brain's visual system. However, biological visual systems have two ubiquitous architectural features not shared with typical CNNs: local recurrence within cortical areas, and long-range feedback from downstream areas to upstream areas. Here we explored the role of recurrence in improving classification performance. We found that standard forms of recurrence (vanilla RNNs and LSTMs) do not perform well within deep CNNs on the ImageNet task. In contrast, novel cells that incorporated two structural features, bypassing and gating, were able to boost task accuracy substantially. We extended these design principles in an automated search over thousands of model architectures, which identified novel local recurrent cells and long-range feedback connections useful for object recognition. Moreover, these task-optimized ConvRNNs matched the dynamics of neural activity in the primate visual system better than feedforward networks, suggesting a role for the brain's recurrent connections in performing difficult visual behaviors. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurons

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Emerging roles of microglia cells in the regulation of adult neural stem cells

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2016年第1期3卷 204-206页

作者： Eduardo Lira-Diaz Oscar Gonzalez-Perez Laboratory of Neuroscience School of PsychologyUniversity of ColimaColima 28040Mexico Medical Sciences PhD Program School of MedicineUniversity of ColimaColima 28040Mexico

MICROGLIA CELLS Microglia cells are antigen presenting cells with myeloid origin that constituted approximately 10%of all glial cells of the adult mouse brain.^([1])In the early embryo,the microglial precursors are located in the yolk sac and progressively migrate throughout the primitive brain.^([2])In the adult brain,some of microglial cells derive from the bone marrow,but this process only takes place when the brain is lesioned.^([1])Microglial cells can display 4 morphological and functional stages:(1)resting microglia;(2)active microglia;(3)phagocytic microglia;and(4)senescent microglia.

关键词： neural migrate adult

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Development and Validation of an Instrument to Assess Teacher Leadership Behaviors in a Math–Science Partnership program

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Journal of School Leadership 2016年第5期26卷 726 - 755页

作者： Nithya Doraiswamy Kristen M. Porter Grant Wilson Peter Paprzycki Charlene M. Czerniak Nicole Tuttle Kevin Czajkowski Department of Educational Foundations and Leadership at The University of Toledo. Department of Educational Foundations and Leadership at the University of Toledo. Spatially Integrated Social Science program at the University of Toledo. Department of Educational Studies and Research in the College of Education and Psychology at the University of Southern Mississippi. University of Toledo where she is a research professor. NURTURES program at the University of Toledo. University of Toledo and director of the PhD Program in Spatially Integrated Social Sciences (SISS) with diverse research interests including the use of geospatial technologies (GIS and remote sensing) to study environmental problems.

This paper describes the development and validation of a science teacher leadership instrument modeled on the seven domains of the Teacher Leader Model (TLM) Standards (The Teacher Leadership Exploratory Consortium, 2011). Instrument development was part of National Science Foundation–funded Mathematics and Science Partnership (MSP) program that aimed to develop science teacher leaders through the use of Project-Based Science (PBS) in the context of renewable energy. Ratings of professional development sessions presented by teacher leaders to their peers were analyzed to assess whether the instrument could be used to measure teacher leadership in this context. The resulting TLM Standards Instrument is presented as a valid instrument to observe the development and assessment of teacher leadership.

关键词： Teacher Leadership Teacher Leader Standards Professional Development Teacher Leadership Development Teacher Leadership Assessment

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Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet Public Health 2025年第3期10卷 e172-e188页

作者： Steel, Nicholas Bauer-Staeb, Clarissa Maria Mercedes Ford, John A. Abbafati, Cristiana Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani Abdelkader, Atef Abdi, Parsa Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abukhadijah, Hana J. Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Addolorato, Giovanni Adekanmbi, Victor Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Agardh, Emilie E. Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Danish Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed Aldridge, Robert W. Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alicandro, Gianfranco Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jumaily, Adel Allebeck, Peter Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alsabri, Mohammed A. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Aluh, Deborah Oyine Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Zyoud, Walid A. Amiri, Sohrab Anderlini, Deanna Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Aquilano, Michele Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aremu, Abdulfatai Armani, Keivan Armocida, Benedetta Ärnlöv, Johan Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Astell-Burt, Thomas Aujayeb, Avinash Ausloos, Marcel Azadnajafabad, Sina Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah Badache, Andreea Corina Badiye, Ashish D. Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Baker, Jennifer L. Bansal, Hansi Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barrow, Amadou Barteit, Sandra Bashir, Shahid Bashiru, Hameed Akande Basso, João Diogo Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Basu, Sanjay Batra, Kavita Bauckneht, Matteo Baune, Bernhard T. Beghi, Massimiliano Beiranvand, Maryam Béjot, Yannick Bell, Michelle L. Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Belo, Luis Beloukas, Apostolos Beneke, Alice A. Bettencourt, Paulo J.G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhala, Neeraj Bhaskar, Sonu Bisulli, Francesca Bjørge, Tone Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Carvajal, Alejandro Botero Bouaoud, Souad Brayne, Carol Brenner, H Department of Primary Care and Public Health University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom Office for Health Improvement and Disparities Department of Health and Social Care London United Kingdom Department of Legal and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Rome Italy Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Sciences Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Memorial University St. John's NL Canada Postgraduate Department University of Sierra Sur Miahuatlan de Porfirio Diaz Mexico Yhteiskuntadatatieteen keskus (Centre for Social Data Science) Helsinki Finland Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Abuja Nigeria Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute) Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan Medical Research Center Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States School of Medicine Sydney NSW Australia Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Università Cattolica di Roma (Catholic University of Rome) Rome Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX United States Department of Biochemistry Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Medical Sciences Ondo Ondo Nigeria Department of Veteri

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy a

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Those 45 Minutes Changed My Life: The Meeting of Sigmund Freud and Margarethe Lutz

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Psychoanalytic Perspectives 2016年第3期13卷 291-293页

作者： Jonathan H. Slavin Miki Rahmani Jonathan H. Slavin PhD ABPP is Clinical Instructor in Psychology Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Adjunct Clinical Professor Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy & Psychoanalysis New York University Founding Director Tufts University Counseling Center (1970-2006) Former President of the Division of Psychoanalysis (39) American Psychological Association and Founding President Massachusetts Institute for Psychoanalysis. Dr. Slavin’s published work has focused on fundamental human elements in the psychoanalytic relationship including love sexuality desire truthfulness and personal agency and their role in the repair of the mind.Miki Rahmani MA is Chief Psychologist South Jerusalem Mental Health Center and is a former longtime member on the Faculty of the School of Education Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel. In more than 35 years of clinical teaching and consulting she has taught annual courses seminars and workshops on the supervisory relationship the supervisory process in clinical work and in education and the treatment process.

The editors of this series of papers introduce the account of Margarethe Lutz, a patient who saw Sigmund Freud for one session and spoke of it 70 years later. It was an experience, she said, that “changed her life.” The editors note that there are few, if any, accounts of treatment with Freud that illustrate in such detail the unfolding of an individual session. The editors asked the authors of the seven papers in this issue to address the question of what, in this single session, may have led to its life-changing impact and the implications this may have for the way contemporary psychoanalysts and psychotherapists think about their work.

关键词： Sigmund Freud classical psychoanalysis Margarethe Lutz

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Association Between Hearing Loss and Depressive Symptoms in Elderly

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Arquivos Internacionais de Otorrinolaringologia 2014年第4期14卷 444-449页

作者： Adriane Ribeiro Teixeira Andréa Krüger Gonçalves Cíntia de La Rocha Freitas Cristina Loureiro Chaves Soldera Ângelo José Gonçalves Bós Ana Maria Pujol Vieira dos Santos Sílvia Dornelles PhD in Biomedical Gerontology (PUCRS). Adjunct Professor at UFRGS - Department of Psychology and Personality Development - Speech Therapy Course. PhD in Social Psychology (USP). UFRGS Adjunct Professor - School of Physical Education (ESEF). PhD in Human Movement Science (UFRGS). Adjunct Professor at UFSC. PhD in Biomedical Gerontology (PUCRS). UFCSPA Professor - Department of Speech Pathology. PhD in Medicine Tokay University School of Medicine Japan Associate Professor at PUCRS - Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology. PhD in Plant Science (UFRGS). Professor School of Physical Education ULBRA - Canoas. PhD in Child and Adolescent - UFRGS. Adjunct Professor at UFRGS - Department of Psychology and Personality Development.

Introduction: Hearing loss causes difficulties in speech understanding, which leads away from the family and social environment. This isolation may be associated with depressive disorders. Type of study: clinical prospective. Objective: To determine the association between hearing loss and depression in a group of non-institutionalized elderly. Method: The sample consisted of individuals aged over 60 years, undergoing complete audiological evaluation and screening for depressive symptoms with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: We evaluated 54 elderly, 26 (48.1%) were female and 28 (51.9%) males. It was found that 39 (72.2%) had hearing thresholds change, and 17 (31.5%) with mild hearing loss and 22 (40.7%) with moderate hearing loss. Were evident signs of depression in 25 elderly (46.3%), and 22 (40.7%) had hearing loss. Data analysis showed an association between hearing loss and depression (p = 0.016). Although not significant (p = 0.18), the association between the degree of hearing loss was positive in relation to the severity of the signs of depression. Conclusion: In elderly people surveyed, there was a strong association between hearing loss and signs of depression and tendency to be an association between the degree of hearing loss and the severity of the signs of depression.

关键词： depression hearing loss aging depressão perda auditiva envelhecimento

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Proceedings of the 14th annual conference of INEBRIA

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Addiction Science & Clinical Practice 2017年第1期12卷 1-24页

作者： Aisha S. Holloway Sarah Landale Laura Cariola Jennifer Ferguson Dorothy Newbury-Birch Amy Flynn John R. Knight Lon Sherritt Sion K. Harris Amy J. O’Donnell Eileen Kaner Barbara Hanratty Denise Howel Elaine McColl Ruth McGovern Stephanie Scott Elaine Stamp Ellen Lynch Amy M. Loree Steve Martino Amy C. Justice Kimberly A. Yonkers Kate Gilstead-Hayden Steven J. Ondersma Joy Scheidell Angeline Adam Jennifer McNeely Robert P. Schwartz Li-Tzy Wu Geetha Subramaniam Gaurav Sharma Anne H. Berman Karoline Kolaas Elisabeth Petersén Erik Hedman Kristina Sinadinovic Anna Thurang Sven Andréasson Ingvar Rosendahl Mikael Gajecki Preben Bendtsen Catharina Linderoth Ulrika Müssener Fredrik Spak Ida Gremyr Ann M. Mitchell Brayden N. Kameg Deborah Finnell Christine L. Savage Khadejah F. Mahmoud Benjamin C. Riordan Tamlin S. Conner Jayde A. M. Flett Damian Scarf Bonnie McRee Janice Vendetti Karen Steinberg Gallucci Kate Robaina Brendan J. Clark Kathryne D. Reed Rachel M. Hodapp Ivor Douglas Ellen L. Burnham Jacqueline Jones Laura Aagaard Paul F. Cook Brett R. Harris Jiang Yu Margaret Wolff Meighan Rogers Carolina Barbosa Brendan J. Wedehase Laura J. Dunlap Shannon G. Mitchell Kristi A. Dusek Jan Gryczynski Arethusa S. Kirk Marla T. Oros Colleen Hosler Kevin E. O’Grady Barry S. Brown Colin Angus Sidney Sherborne Duncan Gillespie Petra Meier Alan Brennan Divane de Vargas Janaina Soares Donna Castelblanco Ian Wittman Ryan P. McCormack Mirelis Gonzalez Kelly M. Doran Donna Shelley John Rotrosen Lillian Gelberg E. Jennifer Edelman Christopher J. Cutter Lynn E. Fiellin Patrick G. O’Connor David A. Fiellin Nathan B. Hansen Stephen A. Maisto Yanhong Deng James Dziura Roger Bedimo Cynthia Gibert Vincent C. Marconi David Rimland Maria C. Rodriguez-Barradas Michael S. Simberkoff Kendall J. Bryant Emma L. Giles Grant J. McGeechan Simon Coulton Nadine Hendrie Paolo Deluca Colin Drummond Sadie Boniface Amy Ramsey Harry Sumnall Luke Vale Viviana Alabani Amanda Atkinson Grant Stanley Jo Frankham Eilish Gilvarry Nicola Howe Justine Clephane David Gar Nursing Studies School of Health in Social Science The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Health and Social Care Institute School of Health and Social Care Teesside University Middlesbrough Tees Valley UK School of Health and Social Care Teesside University Middlesbrough Tees Valley UK Alcohol and Public Health Team School of Health and Social Care Middlesbrough Teesside UK Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Center for Adolescent Substance Abuse Research Boston Children’s Hospital Boston MA USA Institute of Health and Society Newcastle University Baddiley-Clark Building Richardson Road Newcastle Upon Tyne Northumberland UK VA Connecticut Healthcare System Veterans Aging Cohort Study West Haven CT USA Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Department of Psychiatry Yale School of Medicine VA Connecticut Healthcare New Haven CT USA Department of Psychiatry Yale School of Medicine VA Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT USA Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Merrill-Palmer Skillman Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences Wayne State University Detroit MI USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences Merrill-Palmer Skillman Institute Detroit MI USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences and Merrill-Palmer Skillman Institute Wayne State University Detroit MI USA Department of Population Health NYU School of Medicine New York NY USA Friends Research Institute Inc Baltimore MD USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department of Medicine and Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Center for the Clinical Trials Network National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA The EMMES Corporation Rockville MD USA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Center for Psychiatry Research Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

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Engineering practice: Teaching ill-structured problem solving in an internship-like course

Engineering practice: Teaching ill-structured problem solvin...

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2014 4th IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference: Engineering Education Towards Openness and Sustainability, IEEE EDUCON 2014

作者： Božić, Marija Čizmić, Svetlana Pavlović, Dragana Šumarac Escalas Tramullas, M. Teresa Telekom Srbija Belgrade Serbia Interuniversity PhD Program in Environmental Education Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Psychology Faculty of Philosophy University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department of Telecommunications School of Electrical Engineering University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Depart. of Didactics of Math. and Experimental Sciences Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781479931910

Engineering graduates who enter the work environment after finishing their studies are faced with completely different setting compared to the safe academy environment that they are used to. Main differences at the workplace include dealing with uncertainty on a daily basis, solving open-ended and/or ill-structured problems and having to manage teamwork and communication on different educational and professional levels. Students should be faced with these aspects of engineering practice during their studies in order to prepare for work. As conventional engineering curricula often do not provide opportunities for such a practice, we designed the internship-like course with general objective to provide this opportunity for final year students and to define teaching strategies that can support students in the transition from the academy to the workplace. In this paper we describe main issues and challenges of the learning experiences that we found during our action research over four 10 week courses, from 2010/2011 to 2012/2013. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Adjunctive pharmacotherapy for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: meta-analytical investigation of efficacy (vol 203, pg 172, 2013)

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2013年第5期203卷 392-392页

作者： Choi, K. H. Kee-Hong Choi PhD Department of Psychology Korea University Seoul South Korea Til Wykes PhD Institute of Psychiatry Kings College London UK Matthew M. Kurtz PhD Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Behavior Wesleyan University Middletown Connecticut USA

BackgroundA growing number of studies have investigated the efficacy of novel, adjunctive pharmacotherapies for treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia with conflicting *** investigate the comparative efficacy of these agents on cognition and symptoms in schizophrenia, and to identify promising cognitive domains and candidate medications that can be incorporated in treatment trials combined with cognitive remediation to maximise treatment *** total of 26 double-blind, placebo-controlled studies investigating medications targeted at cholinergic, glutamatergic or serotonergic receptor classes and with participants with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were *** targeted at the cholinergic receptor class produced marginal improvements in verbal learning and memory (d = 0.23, P = 0.06), and donepezil, a specific type of cholinergic agonist, produced a moderate effect (d = 0.58) on spatial learning and memory. Cholinergic and glutamatergic agents produced moderate effect-size improvements on negative symptoms (d = 0.54 and d = 0.62 respectively), and small effect-size improvements on general symptoms (d = 0.46 and d = 0.41 respectively). Serotonergic agents produced small effect-size improvements in positive symptoms (d = 0.33).ConclusionsCholinergic medications produced marginal improvement in verbal learning and memory and moderate improvements on spatial learning and memory, although there was no evidence to support the use of glutamatergic or serotonergic medications as a stand-alone treatment for improving cognitive function. Cholinergic and glutamatergic agents improved negative and general symptoms, whereas serotenergic medications improved positive symptoms.

关键词： Cognitive Decline Schizophrenia Drug Therapy

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Engineering practice: Teaching ill-structured problem solving in an internship-like course

Engineering practice: Teaching ill-structured problem solvin...

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IEEE Education Engineering (EDUCON)

作者： Marija Božić Svetlana Čizmić Dragana Šumarac Pavlović M. Teresa Escalas Tramullas Interuniversity PhD Program in Environmental Education Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Psychology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department of Telecommunications University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Depart. of Didactics of Math. and Experimental Sciences Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain

关键词： Problem-solving Employment Engineering education Educational institutions Cultural differences Conferences

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