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The Perinatal Mental Health of Indigenous Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2020年第3期65卷 149-163页

作者： Owais, Sawayra Faltyn, Mateusz Johnson, Ashley V. D. Gabel, Chelsea Downey, Bernice Kates, Nick Van Lieshout, Ryan J. McMaster Univ MD PhD Program Hamilton ON Canada McMaster Univ Arts & Sci Undergrad Program Hamilton ON Canada McMaster Univ Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci Hamilton ON Canada McMaster Univ Dept Hlth Aging & Soc Hamilton ON Canada McMaster Univ Sch Nursing Hamilton ON Canada McMaster Univ Dept Family Med Hamilton ON Canada

Objective: Although Indigenous women are exposed to high rates of risk factors for perinatal mental health problems, the magnitude of their risk is not known. This lack of data impedes the development of appropriate screening and treatment protocols, as well as the proper allocation of resources for Indigenous women. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare rates of perinatal mental health problems among Indigenous and non-Indigenous women. Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science from their inceptions until February 2019. Studies were included if they assessed mental health in Indigenous women during pregnancy and/or up to 12 months postpartum. Results: Twenty-six articles met study inclusion criteria and 21 were eligible for meta-analysis. Indigenous identity was associated with higher odds of mental health problems (odds ratio [OR] 1.62;95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 2.11). Odds were higher still when analyses were restricted to problems of greater severity (OR 1.95;95% CI, 1.21 to 3.16) and young Indigenous women (OR 1.86;95% CI, 1.51 to 2.28). Conclusion: Indigenous women are at increased risk of mental health problems during the perinatal period, particularly depression, anxiety, and substance misuse. However, resiliency among Indigenous women, cultural teachings, and methodological issues may be affecting estimates. Future research should utilize more representative samples, adapt and validate diagnostic and symptom measures for Indigenous groups, and engage Indigenous actors, leaders, and related allies to help improve the accuracy of estimates, as well as the well-being of Indigenous mothers, their families, and future generations.

关键词： Aboriginal health common mental disorders Indigenous people pregnancy postpartum

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People Who Used Illicit Drugs Had Higher Rates of Road Traffic Accidents: a Population-Based Study in Taiwan, 2007-2016

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION 2023年第4期21卷 2666-2681页

作者： Huang, Chieh-Liang Tsai, I-Ju Lin, Wen-Chi Wang, Ruey-Yun Chuang, Jones Pi-Chang Lee, Cynthia Wei-Sheng Lin, Cheng-Chieh China Med Univ Coll Med PhD Program Aging Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Sch Med Taichung Taiwan Minist Hlth & Welf Tsaotun Psychiat Ctr Nantou Nan Tou County Taiwan China Med Univ Hosp Ctr Drug Abuse & Addict 2 Yude Rd Taichung 40447 Taiwan China Med Univ Hosp Management Off Hlth Data Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Dept Publ Hlth 56 Shuren Rd Taichung Taiwan Cent Police Univ Dept Traff Sci 56 Shuren Rd Taoyuan 333322 Taiwan China Med Univ Grad Inst Biomed Sci Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Hosp Dept Family Med Taichung Taiwan Asia Univ Coll Hlth Sci Dept Hlth Care Adm Taichung Taiwan

Road traffic under the influence of drugs is an important issue of public health and social safety. We aimed to investigate the temporal trends of road traffic accidents (RTAs) involving people who used illicit drugs. A population-based retrospective study was conducted using data from the Taiwan Illicit Drug Issue Database (TIDID) and traffic accident data. We divided road users involved in RTAs during 2007-2016 into people who used nonillicit drugs and people who used illicit drugs and then calculated the rates of RTAs and fatalities. Age, sex, and driving under the influence of alcohol were considered. Poisson regression models were applied to assess possible significant trends over time for these rates. The analyses showed that people who used illicit drugs had higher rates of overall RTAs and drunk driving than people who used nonillicit drugs. While the fatalities of people who used nonillicit drugs decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) from 2007 to 2016, this trend was not observed in people who used illicit drugs (p = 0.380). Males had greater RTA rates and fatalities than females. Elderly people (60 years or older) were overrepresented among the fatalities in both people who used nonillicit drugs and people who used illicit drugs (23.68 and 122.05 age-spec. rates x 100 K population, respectively), while those 17 years or younger were overrepresented among RTAs involving people who used illicit drugs (99.76 age-spec. rates x 1 K population). Drunk driving by people who used illicit drugs was more frequent. Our results demonstrate the traffic safety issues are created by people who use illicit drugs, especially by males on both sides of the age spectrum and substantiate the influence of alcohol and drugs in RTAs.

关键词： Road traffic accidents Illicit drug use Drunk driving Fatalities

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Rapid emergence of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance among carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in a tertiary-care hospital in Taiwan

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JOURNAL OF INFECTION 2023年第1期86卷 92-95页

作者： Lee, Jia-Arng Du, Shin-Hei Lee, Tai-fen Huang, Yu-Shan Liao, Chun-Hsing Huang, Yu-Tsung Hsueh, Po-Ren Natl Taiwan Univ Coll Med Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp Dept Lab Med Taipei Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Coll Med Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp Dept Internal Med Taipei Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Univ Colleague Med Taipei Taiwan Far Eastern Mem Hosp Dept Internal Med New Taipei Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Grad Inst Clin Lab Sci & Med Biotechnol Taipei Taiwan China Med Univ China Med Univ Hosp Sch Med Dept Lab Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ China Med Univ Hosp Sch Med Dept Internal Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Coll Med PhD Program Aging Taichung Taiwan

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Impact of extreme weather events on food security among older people: a systematic review

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aging CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2025年第1期37卷 1-15页

作者： Nucci, Daniele Pennisi, Flavia Pinto, Antonio De Ponti, Emanuele Ricciardi, Giovanni Emanuele Signorelli, Carlo Veronese, Nicola Castagna, Alberto Maggi, Stefania Cadeddu, Chiara Gianfredi, Vincenza Agenzia Tutela Salute ATS Brescia Dipartimento Igiene & Prevenz Sanit Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale Igiene Alimenti Via Duca Abruzzi 15 I-25124 Brescia Italy Univ Pavia Dept Publ Hlth Expt & Forens Med PhD Natl Program Hlth Approaches Infect Dis & Life I-27100 Pavia Italy Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Fac Med I-20132 Milan Italy St Camillus Int Univ Hlth Sci Fac Med Rome Italy Azienda Sanit Provinciale Hlth Dist Soverato Dept Primary Care Catanzaro Italy Natl Res Council CNR Aging Sect Padua Italy Erasmus Univ Erasmus Sch Hlth Policy & Management Rotterdam Netherlands Univ Milan Dept Biomed Sci Hlth Via Pascal 36 I-20133 Milan Italy

BackgroundClimate change has intensified the frequency and severity of extreme weather events, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations, including older people for which the literature is still limited. This systematic review investigated the impact of extreme weather events on malnutrition and food security among individuals aged 60 and *** systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted without restrictions (October 2024), and following PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies examining older adults exposed to extreme weather events (e.g., droughts, floods, heatwaves, hurricanes) and their effects on malnutrition or food security were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed study quality. Protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024596910).ResultsFrom 1,709 articles, six observational studies involving 265,000 participants (aged 60 years and over) were included. These studies spanned multiple geographies, with a concentration in the United States. Findings revealed a dual impact: while some studies reported protective factors, such as social support and economic stability, others highlighted increased malnutrition risk due to disrupted food supply, economic hardship, and inadequate adaptive responses. Heterogeneity in study designs, exposure definitions, and outcome measures limited *** weather events significantly impact malnutrition and food security among older adults, with outcomes influenced by socio-economic and geographical factors. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causal pathways and inform targeted public health interventions to enhance resilience in aging populations.

关键词： Climate change Food insecurity Malnutrition Elderly populations Extreme weather events Public health

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Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes among the hospitalized elderly patients with COVID-19 during the late pandemic phase in central Taiwan

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JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION 2024年第2期57卷 257-268页

作者： Chen, Chieh-Lung Teng, Chi-Kang Chen, Wei-Cheng Liang, Shinn-Jye Tu, Chih-Yen Shih, Hong-Mo Cheng, Wan-Ju Lin, Yu -Chao Hsueh, Po-Ren China Med Univ China Med Univ Hosp Dept Internal Med Div Pulm & Crit Care 2 Yude Rd Taichung 40447 Taiwan China Med Univ Sch Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Grad Inst Biomed Sci Coll Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Sch Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Hosp Dept Educ Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Hosp Dept Emergency Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Dept Publ Hlth Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Hosp Dept Psychiat Taichung Taiwan Natl Hlth Res Inst Natl Ctr Geriatr & Welf Res Miaoli Taiwan China Med Univ China Med Univ Hosp Dept Lab Med & Internal Med 2 Yude Rd Taichung 40447 Taiwan China Med Univ Sch Med PhD Program Aging Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Sch Med Dept Lab Med Taichung Taiwan

Background: There is a lack of information regarding outcomes of elderly patients hospitalized with COVID-19 following the widespread use of COVID-19 vaccines and antiviral agents. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between January and August 2022, enrolling patients aged 65 years or older. Patients were categorized into two groups: 'old' (65-79 years) and 'oldest -old' (80 years or more). Multivariate regression was employed to identify independent prognostic factors for in -hospital mortality. Results: A total of 797 patients were enrolled, including 428 old and 369 oldest -old patients. In each subgroup, 66.6 % and 59.6 % of patients received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, respectively. Approximately 40 % of the patients received oral antiviral agents either before or upon hospital admission. A greater percentage of the oldest -old patients received remdesivir (53.4 % versus 39.7 %, p < 0.001), dexamethasone (49.3 % versus 36.7 %, p < 0.001), and tocilizumab (10.0 % versus 6.8 %, p < 0.001) than old patients. The mortality rate was comparable between the two age subgroups (14 % versus 15.2 %). Independent predictors of in -hospital mortality included disease severity and comorbidities such as end -stage renal disease (ESRD), cirrhosis, solid tumours, and haematologic malignancies. Ageing was not correlated with increased in -hospital mortality across all comorbidity subgroups. Conclusions: In the later stages of the pandemic, with widespread vaccination and advancements in COVID-19 treatments, outcomes for hospitalized elderly and oldest -old patients with COVID-19 have improved. The influence of age on in -hospital mortality has diminished, while comorbidities such as ESRD, cirrhosis, solid tumours, and hematologic malignancies have been associated with mortality. Copyright 2024, Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. This is anopen access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://

关键词： Aged COVID-19 Hospitalization Elderly Oldest-old Prognosis

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Tau protein binds to the P53 E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2023年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Sola, Martina Rendon-Angel, Azucena Martinez, Viviana Rojo Sgrignani, Jacopo Magrin, Claudia Piovesana, Ester Cavalli, Andrea Paganetti, Paolo Papin, Stephanie Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale Lab Aging Disorders Labs Translat Res Room 102aVia Chiesa 5 CH-6500 Bellinzona Switzerland Univ Svizzera Italiana Fac Biomed Sci PhD Program Neurosci Lugano Switzerland Univ Svizzera Italiana Inst Res Biomed Computat Struct Biol Bellinzona Switzerland Swiss Inst Bioinformat Lausanne Switzerland Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale Neuroctr Svizzera Italiana Lugano Switzerland

Tau gene mutations cause a progressive dementia and neurotoxic Tau forms deposited in neurofibrillary tangles are hallmarks of neurodegenerative tauopathies. Loss of non-canonical Tau functions may contribute to disease. In fact, Tau depletion affects the cellular response to DNA damage and tauopathies exhibit the accumulation of DNA lesions. Moreover, Tau modulates P53 activity and cell fate. Considering that MDM2 is the main antagonist of P53, we investigated, using orthogonal assays, if Tau interacts with MDM2. We report the existence in cells and brain of a Tau-MDM2 complex that, in vitro, exhibits reduced P53 ubiquitination activity in a manner sensitive to a Tau mutation. The Tau-MDM2 interaction involves the microtubule-binding domain of Tau and the acidic domain of MDM2, reminiscent of the binding of Tau to negatively charged microtubules. Notably, MDM2 accumulates aberrantly in neurofibrillary tangles. aging-associated insults may expose a novel loss-of-function of Tau in neurodegeneration and cancer.

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Plant constituents and thyroid: A revision of the main phytochemicals that interfere with thyroid function

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FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY 2021年 152卷 112158-112158页

作者： Di Dalmazi, Giulia Giuliani, Cesidio Univ G dAnnunzio Ctr Adv Studies & Technol CAST I-66100 Chieti Italy Univ G dAnnunzio Dept Med & Aging Sci I-66100 Chieti Italy Univ G dAnnunzio Dept Med & Aging Sci Translat Med PhD Program I-66100 Chieti Italy

In the past few decades, there has been a lot of interest in plant constituents for their antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-proliferative properties. However, concerns have been raised on their potential toxic effects particularly when consumed at high dose. The anti-thyroid effects of some plant constituents have been known for some time. Indeed, epidemiological observations have shown the causal association between staple food based on brassicaceae or soybeans and the development of goiter and/or hypothyroidism. Herein, we review the main plant constituents that interfere with normal thyroid function such as cyanogenic glucosides, polyphenols, phenolic acids, and alkaloids. In detail, we summarize the in vitro and in vivo studies present in the literature, focusing on the compounds that are more abundant in foods or that are available as dietary supplements. We highlight the mechanism of action of these compounds on thyroid cells by giving a particular emphasis to the experimental studies that can be significant for human health. Furthermore, we reveal that the anti-thyroid effects of these plant constituents are clinically evident only when they are consumed in very large amounts or when their ingestion is associated with other conditions that impair thyroid function.

关键词： Phytochemical Cyanogenic glucoside Flavonoid Polyphenol Alkaloid Thyroid

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Tau accumulation in degradative organelles is associated to lysosomal stress

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2023年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Piovesana, Ester Magrin, Claudia Ciccaldo, Matteo Sola, Martina Bellotto, Manolo Molinari, Maurizio Papin, Stephanie Paganetti, Paolo Ente Osped Cantonale Lab Aging Disorders Labs Translat Res Bellinzona Switzerland Univ Svizzera Italiana Fac Biomed Sci PhD Program Neurosci Lugano Switzerland Univ Svizzera Italiana Inst Res Biomed Fac Biomed Sci Bellinzona Switzerland GT Gain Therapeut SA Lugano Switzerland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Sch Life Sci Lausanne Switzerland Ente Osped Cantonale Neuroctr Svizzera Italiana Lugano Switzerland

Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the brain deposition of insoluble amyloidogenic proteins, such as alpha-synuclein or Tau, and the concomitant deterioration of cell functions such as the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). The ALP is involved in the degradation of intracellular macromolecules including protein aggregates. ALP dysfunction due to inherited defects in lysosomal or non-lysosomal proteins causes a group of diseases called lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) because of abnormal accumulation of lysosomal degradation substrates. Supporting the contribution of ALP defects in neurodegenerative diseases, deposition of amyloidogenic proteins occurs in LSD. Moreover, heterozygous mutations of several ALP genes represent risk factors for Parkinson's disease. The reciprocal contribution of alpha-synuclein accumulation and lysosomal dysfunction have been extensively studied. However, whether this adverse crosstalk also embraces Tau pathology needs more investigation. Here, we show in human primary fibroblasts that Tau seeds isolated from the brain of Alzheimer's disease induce Tau accumulation in acidic degradative organelles and lysosomal stress. Furthermore, inhibition of glucocerebrosidase, a lysosomal enzyme mutated in Gaucher's disease and a main risk for Parkinson's disease, causes lysosomal dysfunction in primary fibroblasts and contributes to the accumulation of Tau. Considering the presence of Tau lesions in Parkinson's disease as well as in multiple neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, our data call for further studies on strategies to alleviate ALP dysfunction as new therapeutic opportunity for neurodegenerative diseases and LSD.

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Ultra minimally invasive surgical stabilization of Rib fractures (uMI-SSRF): reduction and fixation techniques to minimize the surgical wound

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WORLD JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY SURGERY 2024年第1期19卷 35页

作者： Lo, Hon Lok Lee, Jui-Ying Lu, Chun Kuan Lo, On-Yee Lu, Cheng-Chang Tsai, Dong-Lin Lin, Sung-Yen Kaohsiung Med Univ Coll Med PhD Program Biomed Engn Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Med Univ Kaohsiung Med Univ Hosp Dept Orthoped Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Med Univ Grad Inst Clin Med Coll Med Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Med Univ Kaohsiung Med Univ Hosp Dept Surg Div Thorac Surg Kaohsiung Taiwan Pk One Int Hosp Dept Orthoped Kaohsiung Taiwan Hebrew SeniorLife Hinda & Arthur Marcus Inst Aging Res Boston MA USA Harvard Med Sch Boston MA USA Kaohsiung Med Univ Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hosp Dept Orthoped Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Med Univ Coll Med Sch Med Dept Orthoped Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hosp Dept Surg 482 Shanming Rd Kaohsiung 812 Taiwan Kaohsiung Med Univ Coll Med Sch Postbaccalaureate Med Dept Orthoped Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Med Univ Dept Orthoped Gangshan Hosp 8 Jiean Rd Kaohsiung 820 Taiwan

BackgroundRib fractures are common in trauma patients, often leading to complications such as pneumonia and prolonged hospitalization. Surgical Stabilization of Rib Fractures (SSRF) has become increasingly prevalent in treating severe cases. However, traditional approaches, like posterolateral thoracotomy, are invasive and cause significant muscle damage. Recently, muscle-sparing minimally invasive techniques have been introduced, yet they still require advanced reduction and fixation techniques to avoid complications. This study presents an "ultra" minimally invasive SSRF (uMI-SSRF) technique designed to minimize surgical wounds and soft tissue damage while maintaining the benefits of rib *** study involved 76 patients with multiple rib fractures treated using the uMI-SSRF technique between August 2021 and December 2023. Preoperative chest tomography with 3D reconstruction was used for surgical planning. The technique employed small incisions (3-5 cm), muscle-sparing approaches, and advanced fixation techniques. Data on patient demographics, intraoperative details, and postoperative outcomes were *** mean patient age was 58 years, with 66% being male. On average, patients had 6.4 fractured ribs, and 3.5 ribs with 3.88 plates were fixed per surgery, achieving a fixation/fracture ratio of 59%. The average wound length was 4.2 cm, with a mean operation time of 122 min. Most patients required only one incision (74%). The median hospital length of stay was 7 days, with a pneumonia rate of 5%. No wound infections or implant-related complications were *** uMI-SSRF technique effectively reduces wound size and soft tissue damage in rib fracture stabilization while maintaining high fixation quality. This method shows promise for improving patient outcomes, reducing recovery time, and minimizing complications. Further studies with larger sample sizes and comparisons with other methods are warranted to verify the advantages

关键词： Surgical stabilization of rib fractures SSRF Ultra minimally invasive surgery Flail chest Postoperative complications

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Factors That Influence Parents' Decision-Making Regarding Termination of Pregnancy After Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Congenital Heart Disease

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JOGNN-JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC GYNECOLOGIC AND NEONATAL NURSING 2021年第4期50卷 475-484页

作者： Gendler, Yulia Birk, Einat Tabak, Nili Koton, Silvia Ariel Univ Sch Hlth Sci Dept Nursing Ariel Israel Tel Aviv Univ Pediat Heart Inst Schneider Childrens Med Ctr Israel Tel Aviv Israel Tel Aviv Univ Sackler Fac Med Tel Aviv Israel Tel Aviv Univ Sch Hlth Profess Dept Nursing Tel Aviv Israel Tel Aviv Univ Herczeg Inst Aging Tel Aviv Israel Tel Aviv Univ Sackler Fac Med Sch Hlth Profess Dept NursingPhD Program Tel Aviv Israel

Objective: To explore factors that influence parents' decisions regarding the termination of pregnancy after the detection of fetal congenital heart disease (CHD). Design: A prospective descriptive study. Setting: The Institute of Pediatric Cardiology in the Schneider Children's Medical Center. Participants: One hundred twenty couples (240 participants) with fetuses prenatally diagnosed with CHD, which was defined as conditions requiring surgical treatment. Methods: We obtained data from a structured questionnaire for the pediatric cardiologist, the medical records, and structured self-report questionnaires for the participants. Results: Thirty-six of 120 couples (30%) decided to terminate the pregnancy after a prenatal diagnosis of fetal CHD. The main factors associated with the decision to terminate were low gestational age (OR = 0.83 per week, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.75, 0.96]), severe cardiac malformation (OR = 2.23, 95% CI [1.40, 3.53]), religious affiliation (OR = 10.0 for secular participants vs. others, 95% CI [4.61, 22.46], population group (OR = 2.96 for Jewish participants vs. others, 95% CI [1.63, 11.3]), and education (OR = 1.34 per year of education, 95% CI [1.15, 1.55]). Conclusions: Our findings describe the profiles of couples who decided to terminate their pregnancies after a prenatal diagnosis of fetal CHD. Early identification of the couple's decision can help health care providers provide adequate support, counseling, and guidance. Future research is needed to understand parents' needs for support through the process of decision-making, with attention to their religious and cultural values and contexts.

关键词： CHD congenital heart disease decision-making parental decision prospective study termination of pregnancy TOP

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