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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： L. Cai S. Aggarwal K. Enninful Y. Chen S. Komarov D. Thorek A. K. Jha Y.-C. Tai Imaging Science Phd Program Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis Missouri United States of America Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis Missouri United States of America Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis Missouri United States of America

ISBN: (数字)9798350388152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388169

In this work, we discuss the design and development of an ultra-high sensitivity imaging system, Coded Sensing SPECT (CS-SPECT), dedicated to guide and optimize application of alpha particle-emitting radiopharmaceutical therapy ($\alpha$RPT). Alpha particles are highly potent and unlike conventional external beam therapy, they can be used in metastatic settings. Currently, the lack of information of radionuclide distribution hinders estimated internal absorbed dose from $\alpha$RPT, which calls for ultrasensitive SPECT technologies that can report reliable activity distribution under ultra-low count rate imaging conditions. The proposed CS-SPECT is based on an innovative design that incorporates the geometry of both conventional pinhole collimator and coded aperture. Aimed to decouple the dependence of resolution and sensitivity, the heavy metal collimator is replaced by scintillator crystals to serve dual purposes of increasing detected events and providing spatial information. The proposed detector module consists of a 9×9 array of crystal elements. Each crystal presents an alternating pattern of GAGG scintillator and acrylic. The depth of interaction (DOI) information is obtained through dual-ended readout system. Our experimental results are based on a working prototype CS module that has 8x8 detector columns and is fully functional under a broad range of energy (70 keV – more than 511 keV), which is well-suited for alpha particle emitter imaging applications. Furthermore, we performed a preliminary imaging study of Tc99m point source. The number of detected events by the whole detector module is 11-fold higher than that from the bottom detectors resembling a conventional pinhole camera alone, demonstrating a tremendous improvement in system sensitivity.

关键词： Temperature sensors Collimators Sensitivity Scintillators Prototypes Medical treatment Crystals

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CIWARS: A Web Server for Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance Using Longitudinal Metagenomic Data

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Journal of Molecular Biology 2025年第15期437卷

作者： Emon, Muhit Islam Cheung, Yat Fei Stoll, James Rumi, Monjura Afrin Brown, Connor Choi, Joung Min Moumi, Nazifa Ahmed Ahmed, Shafayat Song, Haoqiu Sein, Justin Yao, Shunyu Khan, Ahmad Gupta, Suraj Kulkarni, Rutwik Butt, Ali Vikesland, Peter Pruden, Amy Zhang, Liqing Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech Blacksburg 24060 VA United States Fralin Life Science Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg 24060 VA United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg 24060 VA United States The Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Virginia Tech Blacksburg 24060 VA United States

The rise of antibiotic resistance (AR) poses a substantial threat to human and animal health, food security, and economic stability. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has emerged as a powerful strategy for population-level AR monitoring, providing valuable data to guide public health and policy decisions. Metagenomic sequencing is especially promising, as it can yield comprehensive profiles of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and other genes relevant to AR in a single run. However, online analytical platforms to facilitate analysis of longitudinal metagenomic data are lacking. To address this, we introduce CyberInfrastructure for Waterborne Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (CIWARS), a web server configured for characterizing key AR trends from longitudinal metagenomic WBS data. CIWARS offers comprehensive profiling of ARGs and taxonomic profiling of pathogen-associated bacterial taxonomic groups, identifies potential associations of ARGs with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and pathogen-containing taxa, and assesses resistome risk based on the co-occurrence of ARGs, MGEs, and pathogen-like sequences. Additionally, it detects anomalous AR indicators over time, aiding in identifying potential events of concern, such as the emergence of resistant strains or outbreaks. Through interactive temporal data visualization, CIWARS enables AR monitoring and can serve as a tool to inform effective and timely interventions to mitigate the spread and transmission of AR. Here, CIWARS is demonstrated using longitudinal metagenomic data from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent and effluent, but it can be extended to any environment. CIWARS provides a valuable tool to support global efforts to combat the evolution and spread of AR, while also guiding agricultural and public health efforts aimed at optimizing antibiotic use. The web server is freely available at https://***/. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： anomaly detection antibiotic resistance (AR) AR indicator profiling longitudinal metagenomics wastewater-based surveillance

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Mechanistic insights of evaporation-induced actuation in supramolecular crystals (Sept, 10.1038/s41563-020-0799-0, 2020)

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NATURE MATERIALS 2021年第3期20卷 434-434页

作者： Piotrowska, Roxana Hesketh, Travis Wang, Haozhen Martin, Alan R. G. Bowering, Deborah Zhang, Chunqiu Hu, Chunhua T. McPhee, Scott A. Wang, Tong Park, Yaewon Singla, Pulkit McGlone, Thomas Florence, Alastair Tuttle, Tell Ulijn, Rein V. Chen, Xi Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY USA PhD Program in Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY USA Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK PhD Program in Physics The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY USA EPSRC Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallisation Future Research Hub c/o Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences Technology Innovation Centre University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK Department of Chemistry New York University New York NY USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Hunter College City University of New York New York NY USA Department of Chemical Engineering The City College of New York New York NY USA

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://***/10.1038/s41563-021-00950-3.

关键词： Condensed-matter physics Materials science Soft materials

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Piezoelectricity of strain-induced overall water splitting of Ni(OH)2/MoS2 heterostructure

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Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2023年第7期11卷 3481-3492页

作者： Le, Kim Tuyen Pham, Nguyet N. T. Liao, Yin-Song Ranjan, Ashok Lin, Hsun-Yen Chen, Po-Han Nguyen, Hoang Lu, Ming Yen Lee, Seung Geol Wu, Jyh Ming Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu300 Taiwan Department of Chemistry University of Science Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam School of Chemical Engineering Pusan National University 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil Geumjeong-gu Busan46241 Korea Republic of Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering Pusan National University 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil Geumjeong-gu Busan46241 Korea Republic of PhD Program in Prospective Functional Materials Industry National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu300 Taiwan High Entropy Materials Center National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu300 Taiwan Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam

In this study, we synthesized several active sites of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoflowers (NFs) decorated with Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles (NPs) to form heterostructures. Our results revealed that Ni(OH)2/MoS2 NF heterostructures caused the splitting of water into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) gas. The Ni(OH)2/MoS2 NF interface exhibited strain-induced piezoelectric potential (piezopotential) that promoted charge separation, reducing the kinetic barrier in the water splitting process and promoting the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In high-resolution transmission microscopy images, the measured lattice fringe d spacing was approximately 0.67 nm, which was higher than the reported value. The calculated tensile strain of Ni(OH)2/MoS2 NF heterostructures was approximately 3.5%. The findings based on density-functional theory and using the finite element method indicated that the interfacial piezopotential generated between Ni(OH)2 and MoS2 NFs enhanced charge transfer and electrochemical reactions. To obtain a current density up to 10 mA cm−2, we set the overpotential and Tafel slope of Ni(OH)2/MoS2 NF heterostructures at 155 mV and 62.1 mV dec−1 for the HER and 328 mV and 69.3 mV dec−1 for the OER, respectively. Moreover, a high Faraday efficiency (84.1%) was observed over 48 h, with no significant decline in the HER and OER. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Molybdenum disulfide

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Analyzing Land Use Change and Climate Data to Forecast Energy Demand for a Smart Environment

Analyzing Land Use Change and Climate Data to Forecast Energ...

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International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC)

作者： Archana Prasad Aparna S. Varde Raga Gottimukkala Clement Alo Pankaj Lal Montclair State University Montclair NJ USA Environmental Science and Management PhD Program Montclair State University Montclair NJ USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665413206

Energy is essential for the sustainable development of nations. Increasing population growth, along with expected increases in duration and intensity of extreme weather, can increase energy demands. There is the potential for further interruption if companies do not appropriately account for an increase in demand, especially with the state and federal agencies implementing a transition to clean energy production by the end of the decade. In order to assess energy demand with changing variables, we conduct energy demand analysis in a moderate emissions scenario in the residential sector that consumes the most energy of all energy sectors. We assess changes in energy demand by comparing results from the data mining / machine learning techniques of Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Our results are helpful in contributing to sustainable energy goals in line with smart environment initiatives via greenness and energy efficiency.

关键词： Support vector machines Renewable energy sources Sociology Green products Artificial neural networks Production Machine learning

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An Ultrastable Tetrabenzonaphthalene-Linked conjugated microporous polymer functioning as a high-performance electrode for supercapacitors

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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 2024年 158卷

作者： Samy, Maha Mohamed Mohamed, Mohamed Gamal Sharma, Santosh U Chaganti, Swetha V Lee, Jyh-Tsung Kuo, Shiao-Wei Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung804 Taiwan Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut Egypt International PhD Program for Science National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung807 Taiwan

Background: Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been applied widely in several energy storage applications. Triphenylamine derivatives are good electrode materials that can be processed into SC devices because of their high charge mobilities, unique electronic properties, and high redox activity. Methods: We prepared two novel tetrabenzonaphthalene-linked conjugated microporous polymers (TBN-pH CMPs) through [4 + 2] and [4 + 3] Schiff-base condensations of 2,7,10,15-tetra(4-formylphenyl)tetrabenzonaphthalene (TBN-PhCHO) with tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)ethene (TPE-4NH2) and tris(4-aminophenyl)amine (TPA-3NH2), respectively. Fourier transform infrared, and solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy investigated the structures of the as-prepared CMPs. Significant Findings: These CMPs, had large surface areas and outstanding thermal stability at temperatures of up to 400 °C, making them suitable for use as electrodes in supercapacitor (SC) systems. Indeed, the TBN-TPA CMP–based electrode had high specific capacitances (251 F g − 1 measured at 0.5 A g–1) and capacity retentions (94%, measured after 5000 cycles at 10 A g–1) when tested in three-electrode systems. We attribute the remarkable electrochemical activity and conductivity of the TBN-TPA CMP electrode to its large specific surface area (230 m2 g–1) and chemical structure featuring stacking of the benzene rings of its redox-active triphenylamine moieties. © 2023 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

关键词： Supercapacitor

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Demethoxymurrapanine, an indole-naphthoquinone alkaloid, inhibits the proliferation of oral cancer cells without major side effects on normal cells

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Environmental Toxicology 2024年第3期39卷 1221-1234页

作者： Chuang, Ya-Ting Yen, Ching-Yu Shiau, Jun-Ping Chang, Fang-Rong Duh, Chang-Yih Sung, Ping-Jyun Chen, Kuan-Liang Tsai, Yi-Hong Tang, Jen-Yang Jeng, Jiiang-Huei Sheu, Jyh-Horng Chang, Hsueh-Wei Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology PhD Program in Life Sciences College of Life Science Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan School of Dentistry Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Chi-Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Pingtung Taiwan Department of Pharmacy and Master Program College of Pharmacy and Health Care Tajen University Pingtung Taiwan School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan School of Dentistry College of Dental Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Dentistry Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Dentistry National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Center for Cancer Research Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Antioral cancer drugs need a greater antiproliferative impact on cancer than on normal cells. Demethoxymurrapanine (DEMU) inhibits proliferation in several cancer cells, but an in-depth investigation was necessary. This study evaluated the proliferation-modulating effects of DEMU, focusing on oral cancer and normal cells. DEMU (0, 2, 3, and 4 μg/mL) at 48 h treatments inhibited the proliferation of oral cancer cells (the cell viability (%) for Ca9-22 cells was 100.0 ± 2.2, 75.4 ± 5.6, 26.0 ± 3.8, and 15.4 ± 1.4, and for CAL 27 cells was 100.0 ± 9.4, 77.2 ± 5.9, 57.4 ± 10.7, and 27.1 ± 1.1) more strongly than that of normal cells (the cell viability (%) for S-G cells was 100.0 ± 6.6, 91.0 ± 4.6, 95.0 ± 2.6, and 95.8 ± 5.5), although this was blocked by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. The presence of oxidative stress was evidenced by the increase of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide and the downregulation of the cellular antioxidant glutathione in oral cancer cells, but these changes were minor in normal cells. DEMU also caused greater induction of the subG1 phase, extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis (annexin V and caspases 3, 8, and 9), and DNA damage (γH2AX and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine) in oral cancer than in normal cells. N-acetylcysteine attenuated all these DEMU-induced changes. Together, these data demonstrate the preferential antiproliferative function of DEMU in oral cancer cells, with the preferential induction of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage in these cancer cells, and low cytotoxicity toward normal cells. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Oxidative stress

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Improved camptothecin encapsulation and efficacy by environmentally sensitive block copolymer/chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticles for targeting lung cancer cells

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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2024年第Part2期277卷 133901页

作者： Don, Trong-Ming Hong, Yu-Ting Jheng, Pei-Ru Chuang, Er-Yuan Huang, Yi-Cheng Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tamkang University New Taipei City Taiwan College of Life Sciences Department of Food Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University–Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Taiwan

In this study, thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNP) was polymerized with pH-sensitive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to prepare a PAA-b-PNP block copolymer. Above its cloud point, the block copolymer self-assembled into nanoparticles (NPs), encapsulating the anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) in situ. Chitosan (CS) and fucoidan (Fu) further modified these NPs, forming Fu-CPT-NPs to enhance biocompatibility, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), and loading content (LC), crucially facilitating P-selectin targeting of lung cancer cells through a drug delivery system. The EE and LC reached 82 % and 3.5 %, respectively. According to transmission electron microscope observation, these Fu-CPT-NPs had uniform spherical shapes with an average diameter of ca. 250 nm. They could maintain their stability in a pH range of 5.0–6.8. In vitro experimental results revealed that the Fu-CPT-NPs exhibited good biocompatibility and had anticancer activity after encapsulating CPT. It could deliver CPT to cancer cells by targeting P-selectin, effectively increasing cell uptake and inducing cell apoptosis. Animal study results showed that the Fu-CPT-NPs inhibited lung tumor growth by increasing tumor cell apoptosis without causing significant tissue damage related to generating reactive oxygen species in lung cancer cells. This system can effectively improve drug-delivery efficiency and treatment effects and has great potential for treating lung cancer. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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A data-driven approach to discover and quantify systemic lupus erythematosus etiological heterogeneity from electronic health records

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Mota, Marco Barbero Still, John M. Gamboa, Jorge L. Strobl, Eric V. Stein, Charles M. Kawai, Vivian K. Lasko, Thomas A. Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Biomedical Informatics United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Medicine United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Computer Science United States Vanderbilt DBMI PhD program 2525 West End Ave NashvilleTN United States

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex heterogeneous disease with many manifestational facets. We propose a data-driven approach to discover probabilistic independent sources from multimodal imperfect EHR data. These sources represent exogenous variables in the data generation process causal graph that estimate latent root causes of the presence of SLE in the health record. We objectively evaluated the sources against the original variables from which they were discovered by training supervised models to discriminate SLE from negative health records using a reduced set of labelled instances. We found 19 predictive sources with high clinical validity and whose EHR signatures define independent factors of SLE heterogeneity. Using the sources as input patient data representation enables models to provide with rich explanations that better capture the clinical reasons why a particular record is (not) an SLE case. Providers may be willing to trade patient-level interpretability for discrimination especially in challenging cases. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Electronic health record

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BRAIN-TO-TEXT BENCHMARK’24: LESSONS LEARNED

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Willett, Francis R. Li, Jingyuan Le, Trung Fan, Chaofei Chen, Mingfei Shlizerman, Eli Chen, Yue Zheng, Xin Okubo, Tatsuo S. Benster, Tyler Lee, Hyun Dong Kounga, Maxwell Buchanan, E. Kelly Zoltowski, David Linderman, Scott W. Henderson, Jaimie M. Department of Neurosurgery Stanford University United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Washington United States Department of Computer Science Stanford University United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Washington United States China Neurosciences Phd Program Stanford University United States Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute Department of Statistics Stanford University United States

Speech brain-computer interfaces aim to decipher what a person is trying to say from neural activity alone, restoring communication to people with paralysis who have lost the ability to speak intelligibly. The Brain-to-Text Benchmark’24 and associated competition was created to foster the advancement of decoding algorithms that convert neural activity to text. Here, we summarize the lessons learned from the competition ending on June 1, 2024 (the top 4 entrants also presented their experiences in a recorded webinar). The largest improvements in accuracy were achieved using an ensembling approach, where the output of multiple independent decoders was merged using a fine-tuned large language model (an approach used by all 3 top entrants). Performance gains were also found by improving how the baseline recurrent neural network (RNN) model was trained, including by optimizing learning rate scheduling and by using a diphone training objective. Improving upon the model architecture itself proved more difficult, however, with attempts to use deep state space models or transformers not yet appearing to offer a benefit over the RNN baseline. The benchmark will remain open indefinitely to support further work towards increasing the accuracy of brain-to-text algorithms. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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