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Uncovering Blind Spots in Education Ethics: Insights from a Systematic Literature Review on Artificial Intelligence in Education

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION 2024年第3期34卷 1166-1205页

作者： Mouta, Ana Pinto-Llorente, Ana Maria Torrecilla-Sanchez, Eva Maria Univ Salamanca PhD Programme Educ Knowledge Soc Salamanca Spain Univ Salamanca Inst Univ Ciencias Educ IUCE Salamanca Spain

In the last decade, research on the use of artificial intelligence technologies in education has steadily grown. Many studies have demonstrated the potential of these technologies to improve school administration processes, enhance students' learning experiences, simplify teachers' daily tasks, and broaden opportunities for lifelong learning. However, the enthusiasm surrounding these possibilities may overshadow the ethical challenges posed by these systems. This systematic literature review is designed to explore the ethical dimensions surrounding the utilisation of these technologies within the defined timeframe (2011-022) in the field of education. It undertakes a thorough analysis of various applications and objectives, with a particular focus on pinpointing any inherent shortcomings within the existing body of literature. The paper discusses how cultural differences, inclusion, and emotions have been addressed in this context. Finally, it explores the capacity building efforts that have been put in place, their main targets, as well as guidelines and frameworks available for the ethical use of these systems. This review sheds light on the research's blind spots and provides insights to help rethink education ethics in the age of AI. Additionally, the paper explores implications for teacher training, as educators play a critical role in ensuring the ethical use of AI in education. This review aims to stimulate ethical debates around artificial intelligence that recognise it as a non-neutral tool, and to view it as an opportunity to strengthen the debates on the ethics of education itself.

关键词： Education Artificial intelligence Ethics Literature review

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Cracking the Code: Reprogramming the Genetic Script in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes to Harness the Power of Noncanonical Amino Acids

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CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2024年第18期124卷 10281-10362页

作者： Jann, Cosimo Giofre, Sabrina Bhattacharjee, Rajanya Lemke, Edward A. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz Bioctr D-55128 Mainz Germany IMB Postdoc Programme IPPro D-55128 Mainz Germany IMB Int PhD Programme IPP D-55128 Mainz Germany Inst Mol Biol D-55128 Mainz Germany

Over 500 natural and synthetic amino acids have been genetically encoded in the last two decades. Incorporating these noncanonical amino acids into proteins enables many powerful applications, ranging from basic research to biotechnology, materials science, and medicine. However, major challenges remain to unleash the full potential of genetic code expansion across disciplines. Here, we provide an overview of diverse genetic code expansion methodologies and systems and their final applications in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, represented by Escherichia coli and mammalian cells as the main workhorse model systems. We highlight the power of how new technologies can be first established in simple and then transferred to more complex systems. For example, whole-genome engineering provides an excellent platform in bacteria for enabling transcript-specific genetic code expansion without off-targets in the transcriptome. In contrast, the complexity of a eukaryotic cell poses challenges that require entirely new approaches, such as striving toward establishing novel base pairs or generating orthogonally translating organelles within living cells. We connect the milestones in expanding the genetic code of living cells for encoding novel chemical functionalities to the most recent scientific discoveries, from optimizing the physicochemical properties of noncanonical amino acids to the technological advancements for their in vivo incorporation. This journey offers a glimpse into the promising developments in the years to come.

关键词： Physicochemical properties

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Deep Unsupervised Representation Learning for Feature-Informed EEG Domain Extraction

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING 2023年 31卷 4882-4894页

作者： Ng, Han Wei Guan, Cuntai AI Singapore PhD Fellowship Programme Singapore 117602 Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ Fac Comp Sci & Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

In electroencephalography (EEG) classification paradigms, data from a target subject is often difficult to obtain, leading to difficulties in training a robust deep learning network. Transfer learning and their variations are effective tools in improving such models suffering from lack of data. However, many of the proposed variations and deep models often rely on a single assumed distribution to represent the latent features which may not scale well due to inter- and intra-subject variations in signals. This leads to significant instability in individual subject decoding performances. The presence of non-trivial domain differences between different sets of training or transfer learning data causes poorer model generalization towards the target subject. However, the detection of these domain differences is often difficult to perform due to the ill-defined nature of the EEG domain features. This study proposes a novel inference model, the Joint Embedding Variational Autoencoder, that offers conditionally tighter approximation of the estimated spatiotemporal feature distribution through the use of jointly optimised variational autoencoders to achieve optimizable data dependent inputs as an additional variable for improved overall model optimisation and scaling without sacrificing model tightness. To learn the variational bound, we show that maximising the marginal log-likelihood of only the second embedding section is required to achieve conditionally tighter lower bounds. Furthermore, we show that this model provides state-of-the-art EEG data reconstruction and deep feature extraction. The extracted domains of the EEG signals across each subject displays the rationale as to why there exists disparity between subjects' adaptation efficacy.

关键词： Deep representation learning feature extraction signal processing spatiotemporal data

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Estonian Digital Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Based on Digital Platform Economy Index 2020

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JOURNAL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP 2023年第2期32卷 347-375页

作者： Dorjnyambuu, Byambasuren Univ Pecs Fac Business & Econ Int PhD Programme Reg Dev Pecs Hungary Univ Pecs Fac Business & Econ Int PhD Programme Reg Dev H-7622 Pecs Hungary

This study investigates the position of Estonia's digital entrepreneurial ecosystem and provides policy suggestions to improve it based on the Digital Platform Economy Index 2020 developed by Szerb et al. (2022). Using DPE Index 2020 data, the Estonian digital entrepreneurial ecosystem is compared to Finland and Latvia using fundamental and pillar-based analysis. This article provides policy recommendations for the Estonian digital entrepreneurial ecosystem on three levels based on policy analysis and optimisation outcomes. Estonia was ranked 18th in the DPE Index 2020 with a higher DPE Index score than similarly developed countries, and its digital and entrepreneurial ecosystems are relatively balanced. Thus, Estonia is advised to maintain the balance between the digital and entrepreneurial ecosystems while preserving funding for DPE Index development to keep up with progress. Estonia should prioritise the pillars requiring the most improvement to enhance the efficiency of its DPE ecosystem.

关键词： Digital platform economy digital entrepreneurial ecosystem DPE index Estonia

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A discourse approach to patient expertise in the management of invisible illnesses

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REVISTA SIGNOS 2024年第115期57卷 571-593页

作者： Sowinska, Agnieszka Lazzaro-Salazar, Mariana Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Dept Expt Linguist Torun Poland Univ Catolica Norte Sch English Antofagasta Chile Univ Catolica Maule Eth Comm Talca Chile Univ Catolica Maule PhD Programme Educ Talca Chile Univ Catolica Maule PhD Programme Psychol Talca Chile

Invisible illnesses, which are not outwardly visible, encompass mental, cognitive, and physical conditions that impair daily activities. Promoting self-management for patients living with these chronic conditions has been the central aim of healthcare systems around the world. Through an analysis of medical consultations with student patients at a university healthcare facility in Chile, we propose a framework that identifies the themes, sub-themes, and indexes that embody the identity work of expert patients with invisible chronic health conditions. The study explores the complexity of the resources and doctor-patient alignments used to perform patient expertise in natural interactions and the key role of experiential knowledge in the self-diagnosis and the management of invisible illnesses.

关键词： discourse analysis patient expertise self-management medical consultations invisible conditions university students

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Optimization of an infectious subgenomic amplicons reverse genetics protocol for the rescue of synthetic coronaviruses

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JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS 2025年 336卷 115152页

作者： Puglia, Ilaria Caporale, Marialuigia Di Teodoro, Giovanni Spedicato, Massimo Profeta, Francesca Marcacci, Maurilia Di Pancrazio, Chiara Valleriani, Fabrizia Rossi, Emanuela Auerswald, Heidi Lorusso, Alessio Univ Pavia Dept Publ Hlth Expt & Forens Med PhD Natl Programme One Hlth Approaches Infect Dis Pavia Italy Ist Zooprofilatt Sperimentale Abruzzo & Molise Teramo Italy

Reverse genetics (rg) systems are indispensable tools for investigating the pathogenesis of RNA viruses, facilitating vaccine design, and advancing antiviral therapeutic strategies. In this study, we optimized the Infectious Subgenomic Amplicons (ISA) method for generating synthetic r-wt SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1. This system was validated by demonstrating the successful rescue of infectious viral particles from overlapping DNA fragments and their propagation in vitro. Sequencing confirmed 100 % identity of the recovered virus with the Wuhan-Hu-1 reference genome. Importantly, in vivo experiments using K18-hACE2 mice revealed that the r-wt SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 strain caused clinical symptoms, weight loss, and mortality comparable to those induced by a virulent SARS-CoV-2 field variant. This ISA rg method offers a rapid and reproducible approach to generating synthetic coronaviruses, with potential applications in pathogenesis studies, antiviral testing, and vaccine development.

关键词： Genome manipulation Reverse genetics Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2

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Impact de l'intégration financière régionale sur le commerce intra régional des produits manufacturés dans la zone CEDEAO

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AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW-REVUE AFRICAINE DE DEVELOPPEMENT 2024年第2期36卷 292-305页

作者： Dogo, Abdoul Rachid Issoufou Univ Yaounde II Fac Sci Econ & Gest Collaborat PhD Programme CPP African Econ Res Consortium AERC Yaounde Cameroon

Cet article evalue l'impact de l'integration financiere regionale sur le commerce intra regional des produits manufactures dans les pays de la Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO) en utilisant un modele de gravite augmente sur la periode 2005-2019. En utilisant une mesure de regionalisation financiere basee sur l'integration des marches de credits et la difference des taux d'interets, les resultats empiriques indiquent que l'integration financiere regionale a un impact positif et significatif sur le commerce intra regional des produits manufactures aussi bien dans les pays exportateurs que dans les pays importateurs dans la zone CEDEAO. Les resultats des differents tests de robustesse effectues corroborent cette conclusion et confirment la consistance de nos resultats. L'etude suggere aux decideurs politiques d'encourager les reformes politiques visant a renforcer davantage le processus de regionalisation financiere afin de faciliter l'acces aux capitaux et de reduire les contraintes des financements pour booster les investissements et le commerce dans le secteur manufacturier au niveau regional.

关键词： CEDEAO commerce intra regional Integration financiere regionale modele de gravite produits manufactures

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The effects of esports viewers' customer experience on intention to purchase sponsoring brands: the mediating role of social identification

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MARKETING INTELLIGENCE & PLANNING 2025年第4期43卷 857-875页

作者： Navarro-Lucena, Fernando Anaya-Sanchez, Rafael Molinillo, Sebastian Univ Malaga Fac Econ & Business PhD Programme Econ & Business Malaga Spain Univ Malaga Inst Econ & Business Soc IEB Soc Malaga Spain

PurposeThe aim of this study is to understand how the dimensions of esports streaming viewers' customer experience influence their intentions to buy brands produced by sponsors, both directly and through the mediating effect of their identification with players and ***/methodology/approachData were collected through an online survey of 396 regular esports viewers in Spain, using convenience sampling. The proposed conceptual model was evaluated using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe results showed that the four dimensions of the viewer's customer experience (cognitive, affective, sensory and social) predicted his/her social identification with players/teams. In turn, social identification positively influenced purchase intentions for the sponsoring brand. The cognitive, affective and social dimensions of the experience indirectly influenced purchase intentions for the sponsoring brand, through social ***/valueThis study improves the understanding of esports viewers' experiences and their impact on purchase intentions toward the sponsoring brand, and the key role of the viewer's social identification with players/teams.

关键词： Esports Sponsorship Customer experience Social identification Purchase intentions

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Political and cultural memory in urban space: Public naming practices in Northern Cyprus

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CITIES 2025年 160卷

作者： Soyer, Filiz Tunca, Elif Asude European Univ Lefke Inst Grad Studies & Res Commun Sci PHD Programme Lefke Cyprus European Univ Lefke Fac Commun Sci Lefke Cyprus

This study examines the socio-political and cultural dimensions of place-naming in Northern Cyprus, revealing how names of streets, squares, and public spaces act as markers of collective memory and identity in a politically complex landscape. Focusing on 18 municipalities, this research demonstrates how place-naming reinforces Turkish Cypriot identity, embedding historical narratives and political symbolism into everyday environments. Contextualized within a broader comparative framework-including post-conflict and post-authoritarian regions such as Eastern Europe and Spain-the study reveals place-naming as both a symbolic and functional practice. Using a dual-methodological approach, the study combines qualitative analysis to interpret socio-political narratives embedded in place names with quantitative analysis to categorize and visualize naming patterns across municipalities. This integrated approach highlights the complexity of place-naming practices, identifying four primary categories: Important Figures, Important Dates, Martyrs and Veterans, and Neutral Names. Findings indicate that historical and political names are concentrated in specific municipalities, while neutral names are more prevalent in newer developments, suggesting an evolving approach to public memory. This study contributes to memory and identity studies, demonstrating how place-naming functions as a dynamic expression of public memory, political ideology, and cultural continuity in Northern Cyprus. Future research could expand upon this study by examining local perceptions of place-naming or conducting longitudinal analyses to observe how political and social shifts impact naming conventions.

关键词： Place-naming Collective memory Urban identity Cultural heritage preservation Northern Cyprus

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Potential vs Challenges of Expanding the Protein Universe With Genetic Code Expansion in Eukaryotic Cells

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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024年第21期436卷 168807页

作者： Bhattacharjee, Rajanya Lemke, Edward A. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz Bioctr D-55128 Mainz Germany Inst Mol Biol IMB D-55128 Mainz Germany IMB Int PhD Programme IPP D-55128 Mainz Germany

Following decades of innovation and perfecting, genetic code expansion has become a powerful tool for in vivo protein modification. Some of the major hurdles that had to be overcome include suboptimal performance of GCE-specific translational components in host systems, competing cellular processes, unspecific modification of the host proteome and limited availability of codons for reassignment. Although strategies have been developed to overcome these challenges, there is critical need for further advances. Here we discuss the current state-of-the-art in genetic code expansion technology and the issues that still need to be addressed to unleash the full potential of this method in eukaryotic cells. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： noncanonical amino acid genetic code expansion click chemistry phase separation membraneless organelles

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