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10th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2020

作者： Ghaly, Hussein Mandel, Michael Linguistics PhD Program Graduate Center City University of New York United States Computer and Information Science Brooklyn College United States

The goal of the present study is to use prosodic information to improve automatic syntactic parsing of conversational speech in the Switchboard Corpus. To achieve this, an ensemble classifier, based on a Recurrent Neural Network, is developed to predict the parse with the highest Unlabelled Attachment Score (UAS) from the outputs of multiple dependency parsers, based on syntactic and prosodic features. The main syntactic features proposed, which we refer to as "dependency configurations," represent the relative dependency location of each of a pair of consecutive words. Empirical analysis indicates that configurations with a direct dependency between consecutive words are less likely to be associated with major prosodic breaks. Using syntactic features alone, the system achieved an improvement of 1.1% of UAS on the test set, above the best parser in the ensemble, while using syntactic features combined with prosodic features (pauses and normalized duration) led to a further improvement of 0.4%. Both empirical analysis of dependency configurations and parsing improvement suggest a relationship between prosody and direct dependency relationships between consecutive words. © 2020 International Speech Communications Association. All rights reserved.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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Optimizing regional power production under thermal pollution constraints 7

Optimizing regional power production under thermal pollution...

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7th International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference, IGSC 2016

作者： Bald, Samuel Johnson, Matthew P. Rybalov, Levi PhD Program in Computer Science Graduate Center City University of New York United States Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Lehman College City University of New York United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781509051175

A majority of electricity generation in the US is produced by thermoelectric power plants which require a constant supply of water for cooling. Many of these plants eject large quantities of hot water that was used for cooling into an adjacent river - a phenomenon known as thermal pollution - causing harm to local ecosystems and aquatic life. Commonly, plants lie within interconnected river networks, whence thermal pollution from plants upstream is translated to plants dowstream, causing less-effective cooling, and decreases in efficiency. By default, plants are managed locally, and government regulations combating thermal pollution take the form of local river temperature constraints. We propose analyzing this situation regionally, seeking to balance the trade-off between power demand and required pollution minimization in a region. We first consider fractional variants of this problem where plants may operate at some fraction of their total capacity. We provide optimal poly-time algorithms for such cases. We show that the integer version of the problem - where plants are either fully on or off - is already NP-hard when the river network topology is a path graph. We provide a dynamic programming FPTAS in this case. We compare the results of our algorithms to baseline heuristics in simulation. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Cooling

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Solving the conjugacy decision problem via machine learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： GRYAK, JONATHAN HARALICK, ROBERT M. KAHROBAEI, DELARAM CUNY Graduate Center PhD Program in Computer Science City University of New York CUNY Graduate Center PhD Program in Computer Science City University of New York CUNY Graduate Center PhD Program in Computer Science and NYCCT Mathematics Department City University of New York

Machine learning and pattern recognition techniques have been successfully applied to algorithmic problems in free groups. In this paper, we seek to extend these techniques to finitely presented non-free groups, with a particular emphasis on polycyclic and metabelian groups that are of interest to non-commutative cryptography. As a prototypical example, we utilize supervised learning methods to construct classifiers that can solve the conjugacy decision problem, i.e., determine whether or not a pair of elements from a specified group are conjugate. The accuracies of classifiers created using decision trees, random forests, and N-tuple neural network models are evaluated for several non-free groups. The very high accuracy of these classifiers suggests an underlying mathematical relationship with respect to conjugacy in the tested groups.20F10, 68T05 Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision trees

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A yield-driven regular layout synthesis

A yield-driven regular layout synthesis

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IEEE computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI

作者： Cristina Meinhardt Ricardo Reis PhD Student at Graduate Program in Computer Science Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Computer Science (advisor) Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil

The continuous devices shrinking has introduced new challenges to integrated circuit design, mainly to deal with the overall yield loss (Beckett 2002). Designers start to take into account process variability impact in the early design stages to successful deal with yield loss. Process variability have a critical effect on integrated circuits increasing power consumption to out of design specifications, accelerating circuit degradation or introducing erroneous circuit functionality. Routing ... This work proposes two main contributions to improve yield: explore regular detailed routing reducing the number of vias and explore new approaches of basic cells in a regular layout synthesis.

关键词： Routing Layout Transmission line matrix methods FinFETs Logic gates Power demand

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Real-Time 3D Object Detection, Recognition and Presentation Using a Mobile Device for Assistive Navigation

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SN computer science 2023年第5期4卷 1-18页

作者： Chen, Jin Zhu, Zhigang Visual Computing Laboratory Computer Science Department The City College-CUNY New York 10031 NY United States Nearabl Inc. New York 10023 NY United States PhD Program in Computer Science The Graduate Center-CUNY New York 10016 NY United States

This paper presents an integrated solution for 3D object detection, recognition, and presentation to increase accessibility for various user groups in indoor areas through a mobile application. The system has three major components: a 3D object detection module, an object tracking and update module, and a voice and AR-enhanced interface. The 3D object detection module consists of pre-trained 2D object detectors and 3D bounding box estimation methods to detect the 3D poses and sizes of the objects in each camera frame. This module can easily adapt to various 2D object detectors (e.g., YOLO, SSD, mask RCNN) based on the requested task and requirements of the run time and details for the 3D detection result. It can run on a cloud server or mobile application. The object tracking and update module minimizes the computational power for long-term environment scanning by converting 2D tracking results into 3D results. The voice and AR-enhanced interface integrates ARKit and SiriKit to provide voice interaction and AR visualization to improve information delivery for different user groups. The system can be integrated with existing applications, especially assistive navigation, to increase travel safety for people who are blind or have low vision and improve social interaction for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. In addition, it can potentially be used for 3D reconstruction of the environment for other applications. Our preliminary test results for the object detection evaluation and real-time system performance are provided to validate the proposed system. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： 3D object detection ARKit Assistive technology Blind or low vision Voice assistance

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Perturbation training improves knee kinematics and reduces muscle co-contraction after complete unilateral anterior cruciate ligament rupture - Response

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PHYSICAL THERAPY 2005年第8期85卷 753-754页

作者： Chmielewski, TL Hurd, WJ Rudolph, KS Axe, MJ Snyder-Mackler, L TL Chmielewski PT PhD is Assistant Professor Department of Physical Therapy University of Florida Gainesville Fla WJ Hurd PT MS is a doctoral student in the Department of Physical Therapy University of Delaware Newark Del and Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware KS Rudolph PT PhD is Assistant Professor Department of Physical Therapy University of Delaware Newark Del and Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware MJ Axe MD is Clinical Professor Department of Physical Therapy University of Delaware Newark Del and Orthopedic Surgeon First State Orthopedics Newark Del L Snyder-Mackler PT ScD SCS ATC is Professor Department of Physical Therapy University of Delaware 301 McKinly Laboratory Newark DE 19716 (USA) and Director Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware

Background and *** knee stabilization strategies of people who successfully compensate for the absence of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) (“copers”) are different from those of people who do not compensate well for the injury (“noncopers”). Early after injury, certain patients (“potential copers”) can increase the likelihood of successfully compensating for the injury by participating in 10 sessions of perturbation training. The purpose of this study was to determine how perturbation training alters muscle co-contraction and knee kinematics in potential *** individuals with acute, unilateral ACL rupture who were categorized as potential copers and 17 subjects without injuries who were matched by age, sex, and activity level were recruited for this *** analysis and electromyographic data were collected as subjects walked across a stationary or moving platform (horizontal translation) before and after perturbation *** training, potential copers had higher co-contraction indexes and lower peak knee flexion angles than subjects without injuries. After training, potential copers' movement patterns more closely resembled those of subjects without injuries (ie, they showed reduced co-contraction indexes and increased peak knee flexion angles during stance).Discussion and *** training reduced quadriceps femoris-hamstring muscle and quadriceps femoris-gastrocnemius muscle co-contractions and normalized knee kinematics in individuals with ACL rupture who were classified as potential copers. Findings from this study provide evidence for a mechanism by which perturbation training acts as an effective intervention for promoting coordinated muscle activity in a select population of people with ACL rupture.

关键词： Knee Ligaments Neuromuscular Rehabilitation

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Practical and secure outsourcing of discrete log group exponentiation to a single malicious server 8

Practical and secure outsourcing of discrete log group expon...

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8th ACM Cloud Computing Security Workshop, CCSW 2017

作者： Crescenzo, Giovanni Di Khodjaeva, Matluba Kahrobaei, Delaram Shpilrain, Vladimir Vencore Labs Basking RidgeNJ07920 United States CUNY Graduate Center New YorkNY10016 United States PhD Program in Computer Science CUNY Graduate Center New YorkNY10016 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450353939

Group exponentiation is an important operation used in many public-key cryptosystems and, more generally, cryptographic protocols. To expand the applicability of these solutions to computationally weaker devices, it has been advocated that this operation is outsourced from a computationally weaker client to a computationally stronger server, possibly implemented in a cloud-based architecture. While preliminary solutions to this problem considered mostly honest servers, or multiple separated servers, some of which honest, solving this problem in the case of a single (logical), possibly malicious, server, has remained open since a formal cryptographic model was introduced in [20]. Several later attempts either failed to achieve privacy or only bounded by a constant the (security) probability that a cheating server convinces a client of an incorrect result. In this paper we solve this problem for a large class of cyclic groups, thus making our solutions applicable to many cryptosystems in the literature that are based on the hardness of the discrete logarithm problem or on related assumptions. Our main protocol satisfies natural correctness, security, privacy and efficiency requirements, where the security probability is exponentially small. In our main protocol, with very limited offline computation and server computation, the client can delegate an exponentiation to an exponent of the same length as a group element by performing an exponentiation to an exponent of short length (i.e., the length of a statistical parameter). We also show an extension protocol that further reduces client computation by a constant factor, while increasing offline computation and server computation by about the same factor.

关键词： Group theory

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Vegetation Coverage and Urban Amenity Mapping Using computer Vision and Machine Learning

Vegetation Coverage and Urban Amenity Mapping Using Computer...

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3rd International Conference on Image Processing and Vision Engineering, IMPROVE 2023

作者： Karkut, Nicholas Kiriluk, Alexey Zhang, Zihao Zhu, Zhigang Computer Science Department The City College of New York - CUNY New YorkNY10031 United States Graduate Landscape Architecture Program The City College of New York - CUNY New YorkNY10031 United States PhD Program in Computer Science The Graduate Center - CUNY New YorkNY10016 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789897586422

This paper proposes a computer vision-based workflow that analyses Google 360-degree street views to understand the quality of urban spaces regarding vegetation coverage and accessibility of urban amenities such as benches. Image segmentation methods were utilized to produce an annotated image with the amount of vegetation, sky and street coloration. Two deep learning models were used -- Monodepth2 for depth detection and YoloV5 for object detection -- to create a 360-degree diagram of vegetation and benches at a given location. The automated workflow allows non-expert users like planners, designers, and communities to analyze and evaluate urban environments with Google Street Views. The workflow consists of three components: (1) user interface for location selection;(2) vegetation analysis, bench detection and depth estimation;and (3) visualization of vegetation coverage and amenities. The analysis and visualization could inform better urban design outcomes. © 2023 by SCITEPRESS – science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Vegetation mapping

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Technology as excuse for questionable ethics

Technology as excuse for questionable ethics

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作者： Mowshowitz, Abbe Department of Computer Science The City College of New York 138th Street New York NY 10031 United States PhD Program in Computer Science The City University of New York Graduate Center 365 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10016 United States

By endowing technology with the attributes of autonomous agency, human beings are ethically sidelined. Individuals are relieved of responsibility. The suggestion of being in the grip of irresistible forces provides an excuse for rejecting responsibility for oneself and others, thus creating conditions for inappropriate or antisocial behavior. It also impedes the search for solutions to pressing social problems associated with applications of technology. Failure to assign and accept responsibility for decisions to deploy "conventional" technology will inevitably impede our ability to deal with the social and ethical challenges of robotics. © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2007.

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Belief update using graphs

Belief update using graphs

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21th International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, FLAIRS-21

作者： Georgatos, Konstantinos Department of Mathematics and Computer Science John Jay College of Criminal Justice CUNY 445 West 59th Street New York NY 10019 United States PhD Program in Computer Science Graduate Center CUNY 365 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10016 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781577353652

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a form of update based on the minimization of the geodesic distance on a graph. We provide a characterization of this class using set-theoretic operators and show that such operators bijectively correspond to geodesic metrics. As distance is generated by distinguishability, our framework is appropriate in contexts where distance is generated by threshold, and therefore, when measurement is erroneous. Copyright © 2008, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Geodesy

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