This paper demonstrates a approach to design the field programmable CMOS operational transresistance amplifier. All the MOSFETs are replaced by the floating gate MOSFETs to make the OTRA design programmable. The charg...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467356282
This paper demonstrates a approach to design the field programmable CMOS operational transresistance amplifier. All the MOSFETs are replaced by the floating gate MOSFETs to make the OTRA design programmable. The charge at the floating gate can be programmed after fabrication, based on Hot-e-injection and Fowler-Nordheim tunneling techniques. This programming charge at floating gate results in threshold voltage variation in these MOSFETs, which in turn can modify circuit's specifications. The high frequency small signal analysis of the design is prepared and specifications of the design are rederived in terms of threshold voltages of the MOSFETs. The expressions of output voltage, transresistance, input impedance, output impedance and offsets are derived in terms of threshold voltages of respective MOSFETs. In order to achieve circuits AC and DC characteristics, the circuit is simulated using BSIM3 level49 MOSFET models in T-spice 0.35um CMOS process. The simulated results shows 13 bit programming precision in transresistance, input impedance, output impedance, Temperature stability and dc offsets with respect to threshold voltage of respective MOSFETs.
In this work, the DC measurements and AC measurements (impedance spectra) have been used to characteristic the Si-module solar cell 6×6 (36 cells), 3.8 V and 85 mA. From the I-V characteristics unde...
In this work, the DC measurements and AC measurements (impedance spectra) have been used to characteristic the Si-module solar cell 6×6 (36 cells), 3.8 V and 85 mA. From the I-V characteristics under dark conditions for different temperatures (300 - 350 K) and by using the ARREHENIUS diagrams defined by Ln(I)=f(1/T) v=const, we have obtained the barrier height ψ(eV), ideal factor A, and the reverse saturation current Io(μA) eV, 2.83 and 0.831 The AC measurement impedance [X(ω)=f(R(ω))] has been employed to measure the parameters of the Si- module solar cell such as: heterogeneity factor, β, DC resistance Rdc, the bulk resistance Rb, activation energy E (eV), donor density Nd (cm-3), and density states Ns (cm-2). The solar cell module was exposed to thermal stress within the range (300 - 350° K), the diagram of complex impedance in the dark, was obtained. This plot gives arcs of a semicircle, their centers lie below the real axis R(ω),corresponding to the appearance of the depression angle (θ≠0), which represents,β(β=2θπ) which is in good agreement with the Cole-Cole diagram. It is noted that,, increases with temperature. The intersection of the circle arcs from the right with x axis (i.e. at very low frequency) gives Rdc the intersection from the left gives Rb, of the sample (2.77KΩ)(i.e. at very high frequency). By using ARREHENIUS diagrams defined by Ln(f)=f(1/T), we have obtained the parameters E (eV), Nd (cm-3), and Ns (cm-2), which equal to 0.354 eV, 1.38×1013 cm-3 and 6.93×109 cm-2 respectively.
Networked control systems (NCS) have gained an increasing attention in recent years due to their flexibility and cost reduction. The two main problems affecting stability and performance of closed-loop NCS are packet ...
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Networked control systems (NCS) have gained an increasing attention in recent years due to their flexibility and cost reduction. The two main problems affecting stability and performance of closed-loop NCS are packet delay and drop. The problem of delay is severe in large scale NCS where the sensor-controller-actuator are connected via a network with large number of switches and routers. In this paper, we propose a real time optimization algorithm, called asexual reproduction optimization (ARO) which is inspired by asexual reproduction, to find the least delay link in the control loop. Simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm remarkably outperforms the recently cited genetic algorithm (GA) in finding the minimum delay link.
This paper is a continuation report of the previous research on seabed logging (SBL). In this paper, it was shown that a certain geophysical inverse problem (such as one posed by SBL) can be solved using an important ...
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This paper is a continuation report of the previous research on seabed logging (SBL). In this paper, it was shown that a certain geophysical inverse problem (such as one posed by SBL) can be solved using an important class of artificial neural networks, which is a multilayer perceptron (MLP). To show this, several sets of synthetic data has been generated using some assumed models of a physical property (such as seabed resistivity) distribution. Then, these pairs of data and models were used to train a MLP with a certain architecture. Finally, the trained MLP was tested to do inversion with new data and produced a predicted model. The predicted model was reasonably close to the true model and the mean square error (MSE) between them was 0.016.
作者：
Elsherbeni, A.Z.Ginn, P.H.Electrical Engineering Department
University of Mississippi University Mississippi 38677 Dr. Atef Z. Elsherbeni:received an honorary BSc in Electronics and Communications
an honorary BSc in Applied Physics and an MEng in Electrical Engineering all from Cairo University Cairo Egypt in 1976 1979 and 1982 respectively. He also received a PhD in Electrical Engineering from Manitoba University Winnipeg Manitoba Canada in 1987. He was a research assistant with the faculty of Engineering at Cairo University from 1976 to 1982 and at the Electrical Engineering Department Manitoba University from 1983 to 1986 and a Postdoctoral fellow in the same department from January to August 1987. He joined the faculty at the University of Mississippi in August 1987 where he is currently an Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering. During the last few years he was involved in developing software for undergraduate education related to electromagnetic waves and antenna design courses. His professional interests include microstrip antennas scattering and diffraction of electromagnetic waves numerical techniques and computer applications for electromagnetics education. He has authored or coauthored over 80 technical papers and reports on applied electromagnetics antenna design and microwave subjects. Dr. Elsherbeni is a senior member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) belonging to the Antennas and Propagation Microwave Theory and Techniques and Magnetics Societies. His honorary memberships include the Electromagnetics Academy and the Scientific Sigma Xi Society. Patrick Ginn:was born in Corinth
Mississippi on June 30 1969. Mr. Ginn attended Kossuth High School where he was awarded the STAR student award. He attended Northeast Mississippi Junior College from 1987 to 1989. In 1989 he began attending the University of Mississippi. He is currently enrolled as an undergraduate in the Electrical Engineering Department. Mr. Ginn expects to receive his BSEE in August 1992. He has r
This article describes a software package useful for the instruction of antenna array theory. The program provides the radiation pattern of different types of antennas, the array factor of linear, two-dimensional and ...
This article describes a software package useful for the instruction of antenna array theory. The program provides the radiation pattern of different types of antennas, the array factor of linear, two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays, and the total radiation pattern. The elements of the array are isotropic source, Hertzian dipole, straight thin wire dipole, and finite line source with uniform current distribution. The user has the freedom to choose one of the supported element types or to provide the pattern of an antenna element based on experimental or calculated data. This article serves as a tutorial for selected examples as well as a quick guide for the use of this software.
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