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A MONOTONE STREAMLINE UPWIND METHOD FOR QUADRATIC FINITE-ELEMENTS

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS 1993年第6期17卷 463-475页

作者： HILL, DL BASKHARONE, EA Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3123 U.S.A. Ph.D. candidate formerly senior engineer with Pratt & Whitney Aircraft West Palm Beach Florida U.S.A. Associate Professor

A direct streamline upwind method has been developed for convection-dominated flow problems utilizing quadratic elements. The approach presented retains the curve-sidedness feature offered by these elements. This facilitates the use of boundary conforming elements in domains that possess extreme curvature such as turbomachinery bladed components, for which the method is particularly suited. Three test cases are solved to evaluate the stability and diffusive characteristics of the numerical solution, The results presented clearly demonstrate that the proposed method does not exhibit any non-physical spatial oscillations, nor does it suffer from the traditional problem of excessive numerical diffusion.

关键词： FINITE ELEMENTS STREAMLINE UPWIND QUADRATIC ELEMENTS

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Development and integration of an equation-solving program for engineering thermodynamics courses

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Computer Applications in engineering Education 1993年第3期1卷 265-265页

作者： Klein, S.A. Mechanical Engineering Department University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706 Dr. S. A. Klein:is a professor of Mechanical Engineering at University of Wisconsin-Madison. His engineering degrees (BS University of Illinois-Chicago MS PhD University of Wisconsin-Madison) were obtained in Chemical Engineering. Professor Klein is a member of the Solar Energy Laboratory at Wisconsin. He is the developer of the F-Chart method for sizing solar heating systems and the TRNSYS simulation program which is widely used in simulations of solar processes. Currently Professor Klein is involved in research on solar energy system performance absorption power cycles finite-time thermodynamics applications adsorption processes for air conditioning and air quality control and alternative refrigerants and systems for refrigeration and air conditioning applications. Professor Klein is also involved in the development of engineering computer tools for both instruction and research. In addition to the EES program described in this paper he is the primary author of the thermodynamics instructional program CP/Thermo and the finite element program FEHT.

Thermodynamics problems can be separated into conceptual and mathematical parts. The conceptual part consists of the problem formulation and analysis. The mathematical part seeks to obtain an answer to a problem by solving the equations identified in the analysis. The mathematical part can be complex and time-consuming and often directs the students' focus away from the concepts. An equation solving program called engineering Equation Solver (EES) was developed to reduce the time and effort required by students to solve the mathematical part of thermodynamics problems. EES differs from existing equation solving programs in that it is designed for use by students and it includes an extensive library of built-in functions for thermodynamic and transport properties of fluids. Thermodynamic and transport property data needed for solving engineering problems (eg, steam tables, refrigerant properties, psychrometric and combustion gas data) are built into the program. By eliminating table lookups and algebra, EES allows students to concentrate on engineering fundamentals, as well as to do more complex design problems.

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THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT AND NUMERICAL VERIFICATION OF A GEOMETRICALLY NONLINEAR, 3-D BASED FINITE-ELEMENT FOR COMPOSITE-MATERIALS

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN engineering 1992年第6期33卷 1119-1138页

作者： ANANDAN, V BAULD, NR Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering Clemson University Clemson S.C. U.S.A. [?]Doctoral Candidate.

A geometrically non-linear thin shell element made from classical laminated materials is developed from three dimensional continuum concepts that admits arbitrarily large displacements and rotations. The development shows how explicit integration through the thickness of the element can be accomplished without sacrificing significant accuracy of the element. Computations obtained via the present formulation are compared with four test problems for which numerical data are available. All computations were carried out using the Crisfield - Riks arc length continuation algorithm with a full Newton-Raphson iterative scheme. Excellent agreement is observed for each test problem.

关键词： Mathematical Techniques

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STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT WITH AMBIGUITY AND VAGUENESS IN FAILURE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第3期104卷 21-35页

作者： AYYUB, BM LAI, KL Bilal M. Ayyub:is currently an associate professor of civil engineering at the University of Maryland (College Park). He completed his B.S. degree in civil engineering in 1980 and completed both his M.S. (1981) and Ph.D. (1983) in civil engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Dr. Ayyub has an extensive background in risk-based analysis and design simulation and construction engineering. He is engaged in research work involving structural reliability bridges marine structures and mathematical modeling using the theories of probability statistics and fuzzy sets. He has completed several research projects that were funded by the National Science Foundation the U.S. Coast Guard the U.S. Navy the Department of Defense the Maryland State Highway Administration the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and several engineering companies and other governmental agencies. Dr. Ayyub is a member of ASNE the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) the American Concrete Institute (ACI) the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society (NAFIPS) the Committee on Reliability of offshore structures of ASCE and the Committee on Structural Safety of ACI. He is the author of about 150 publications in national and international journals conference proceedings and reports. Dr. Ayyub received the ASNE “Jimmie” Hamilton Award for 1985 the ASCE “Outstanding Research Oriented Paper” in the Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management for 1987 and the Edmund Friedman Award from ASCE in 1989. Kwan-Ling Lai:is currently a Ph.D. candidate of reliability engineering at the University of Maryland (College Park). She received her B.S. degree in civil engineering from National Taiwan University in 1986 and M.S. degree in civil engineering from the University of Maryland in 1989. Ms. Lai is a student member of the American Concrete Institute (ACI). She is engaged in the research work in

engineering projects and designs are commonly developed in a systems framework that includes different types of uncertainty. In general, uncertainty can be of either the ambiguity or vagueness type. The theory of probability and statistics has been extensively used in engineering to deal with the ambiguity type of uncertainty. The theory of fuzzy sets and systems has been used to model the vagueness type of uncertainty in many engineering applications. In this paper, the role of fuzzy sets in engineering systems is described using a selected example area that deals with vagueness in failure definition as used in solving structural reliability problems. The reliability of a structure is commonly based on an explicit definition of failure, making structural reliability dependent on this definition. The vagueness in the perception of damage and failure introduces another class of uncertainty, in addition to the commonly realized and modeled class of uncertainty, i.e., ambiguity. In this study, a methodology for reliability assessment of structures based on a fuzzy definition of failure is developed. The significance of the contribution is in providing the reliability of the structure over a damage spectrum.

关键词： Failure Analysis

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Field‐scale rotary kiln incineration: Oxygen responses at the kiln, afterburner, and stack

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Remediation Journal 1991年第3期1卷 275-291页

作者： Leger, C.B. Cundy, V.A. Sterling, A.M. Montestruc, A.N. Jakway, A.L. Owens, W.D. Chris Leger Alfred Montestruc and Allen Jakway are PhD candidates in the Mechanical Engineering Department at Louisiana State University. Vic Cundy and Art Sterling are Professors of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering at Louisiana State University. Warren Owens is a PhD candidate in the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Utah.

There currently exists a need for better characterization and simulation of the processes that occur during the incineration of hazardous wastes in the environment of a rotary kiln. Addressing this need, a comprehensive research program was formed with the goal of developing a rudimentary predictive capability for rotary kiln incineration of hazardous wastes. This comprehensive program is headed by Louisiana State University and includes interaction with the University of Utah and also various industrial participants. Such cooperation allows use of laboratory, pilot, and field scale equipment. While laboratory scale experiments provide the necessary decoupling of complex phenomena and a high degree of experimental control, and pilot scale studies provide more realism at the expense of experimental control, the problems of scale‐up make generalization of results to field scale units very tenuous. The unique aspect of the LSU program is the coupling of the laboratory and pilot scale units with afield scale unit in order to overcome these generalizations. In this study, plastic packs containing a mixture of toluene and sorbent were fed to a field‐scale rotary kiln incinerator at a rate of one pack every 10 minutes. Selected continuous gas samples and temperatures were obtained from the exit of the rotary kiln, from the afterburner, and from the stack. These measurements were obtained during various operating conditions. These data provide, for the first time, an ability to compare conditions in the kiln to simultaneous conditions in the afterburner and stack. This paper outlines several new experimental features of our field‐scale tests conducted in October 1990. Oxygen responses from the kiln, the afterburner, and the stack are compared during various operating conditions. Copyright © 1991 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company

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FIELD METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF GROUND-WATER REDOX CHEMICAL-PARAMETERS

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1990年第4期10卷 81-89页

作者： WALTONDAY, K MACALADY, DL BROOKS, MH TATE, VT Katherine Walton-Day received an A.B. in geology from Smith College (1981) and an M.S. in geology from the Colorado School of Mines (1986). She is currently a Ph.D. candidate in geology at the Colorado School of Mines and is employed as a geologist at the U. S. Geological Survey Geologic Division in Denver Colorado(USGS Box 25046 MS973 Denver CO 80225). Her research involves studying the processes controlling the mobility of trace metals in pristine and contaminated natural systems. Donald L. Macalady received a B.S. in chemical engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 1963 and a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Wisconsin in 1969. He has held positions at Grinnell College (1968–1970) Northern Michigan University (1970–1982) and the Colorado School of Mines (1982-present) (Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry Colorado School of Mines Golden CO 80401). His research interests include chemical reactions of anthropogenic organic chemicals in natural water systems chemistry of metals and metal-organic complexes in natural and polluted water systems aqueous analytical chemistry and surface chemistry of natural particles. He is a member of ACS AAAS and ASLO and serves as an associate editor to the Journal of Contaminant Hydrology. Myron H. Brooks received a B.S. in biology from Emory University (1979). He is a graduate student in the Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry at the Colorado School of Mines. Brooks is a research chemist for the U. S. Geological Survey Water Resources Division in Arvada Colorado (USGS Box 25046 MS408 Denver CO 80225). He has participated in numerous investigations of ground water surface water and wet deposition chemistry over the last 10 years. His current research is focused on microbial processes in contaminated ground water. Vernon T. Tate studied mechanical engineering at the University of Denver. He was employed by Union Carbide for 27 years. While employed by Union Carbide he worked as an analyst was in charge of developing a QA/QC lab for

An inexpensive, versatile, and portable system is presented, which facilitates rapid field determinations of redox potentials, pH, conductivity, ferrous and total iron, nitrite, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and temperature. Accuracy is facilitated by on-site measurements of most parameters using specially constructed flow-through cells and, for several analyses, sealed reagent ampoules, which can be broken and developed inside a flowing stream of ground water. Coupled with laboratory analyses of more stable ground water parameters, this system can provide accurate and relatively inexpensive determinations of redox conditions in ground water.

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ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION OF HEAVY-METAL CHELATES FROM SINGLE AND MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS 1987年第2期6卷 110-118页

作者： BHATTACHARYYA, D CHENG, CYR Department of Chemical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40506–0046 C.Y. Raymond Cheng:received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Chemical Engineering from the University of Kentucky. He is currently a doctoral candidate in the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Kentucky. He is the recipient of the ASHRAE fellowship for the academic year 1986-87 and is a member of AIChE and ASME.

An extensive experimental investigation was conducted with activated carbon to establish the adsorption (equilibrium and kinetics) behavior of several metals from single and two metals systems in the presence of complexing agents. Triethylenetetramine (TRIEN) and EDTA were used as complexing agents. The extent of adsorption was found to be a function of metal and ligand types, ligand to metal ratio, pH, and metal chelate species distribution. Selective separation of valuable metals can also be achieved by the addition of complexing ligands to a mixture of strongly complexable metal (such as Cd 2+ and Ni 2+ ) and weakly complexable metal (such as Ba 2+ and Ca 2+ ).

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THE INFLUENCE OF STATIC STRESS ON THE CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF 316L-STAINLESS STEEL IN RINGERS SOLUTION

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JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 1986年第4期20卷 493-505页

作者： BUNDY, KJ VOGELBAUM, MA DESAI, VH Biomedical Engineering Department Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana 70118 Formerly undergraduate student Johns Hopkins University now with M.D.-Ph.D. program University of Virginia. Formerly Ph.D. candidate Johns Hopkins University now Assistant Professor Mechanical Engineering and Aerospace Sciences Department University of Central Florida.

The decrease in corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel due to static stress was studied in vitro using a ***. C Ringer''s solution electrolyte. Both potentiodynamic polarization and coulometric techniques were used. Cyclic anodic polarization tests with highly loaded fracture mechanics samples revealed a lowering of breakdown potential and disruption of passive films compared to unstressed controls. Measurements of the time-averaged current density due to a 100 mV anodic overpotential showed that a stress level causing plastic deformation increases the current density by more than an order of magnitude compared to samples stressed to the yield stress or nonloaded controls. The significance of these findings for surgical implant devices in service is discussed.

关键词： STAINLESS STEEL

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ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF THE COMBUSTION OF SEWAGE-SLUDGE IN A UTILITY BOILER

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS 1986年第2期5卷 110-115页

作者： SAMELA, D TSOUMPAS, GM WELSHANS, GK ZWILLENBERG, ML Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation 1 Penn Plaza New York NY 10119 George M. Tsoumpas:is a Senior Environmental Engineer specializing in air pollution control and air quality impact analysis. He has a B.E. in Chemical Engineering and an M.E. in Civil-Environmental Engineering from City College of the City University of New York. He is a registered P.E. in New York and a member of AIChE. Gary K. Welshans: a Senior Environmental Engineer with seventeen years of experience primarily in solid waste management involving environmental civil and hydraulic engineering has recently joined the San Francisco office of Dames & Moore engineering and environmental consultants. He has a Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering from the New Jersey Institute of Technology an M.S. in hydraulic engineering from the California State University Los Angeles and a B.S. in civil engineering from the University of California Los Angeles. He is also a registered professional engineer in California New Jersey and New York. Public Service Electric & Gas Company 80 Park Plaza Newark NJ 07101 Melvin Zwillenberg:is Principal Staff Engineer in the Research and Development Department of Public Service Electric & Gas Company. He has a Bachelor of Chemical Engineering from Cooper Union and an M.A. and PhD. in Aerospace and Mechanical Sciences from Princeton University. His areas of research include combustion optical diagnostic measurements energy from waste and cogeneration. He is a member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics the International District Heating and Cooling Association the Combustion Institute and IEEE. He was the Project Manager for the U.S. D.O.E funded project upon which this paper was based.

This paper discusses the environmental aspects of the combustion of dewatered municipal sewage sludge in a utility boiler. The information presented is based on the results of laboratory scale combustion tests performed on both sludge/coal and sludge/oil mixtures. Air pollution control and solid waste disposal considerations are discussed.

关键词： SEWAGE TREATMENT

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SHIPBOARD EXPLOSIVE SAFETY AND SURVIVABILITY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 185-195页

作者： CHENARD, JH MOORE, GR KORDICH, MM USN Captain John H. Chenard USN:is a 1960 U.S. Naval Academy graduate and received his M.S. degree in aerospace physics in 1968. He served on seven destroyers and cruisers in weapons billets before being designated engineering duty officer in 1977. Engineering duty assignments include Terrier department officer at Naval Ship Weapons System Engineering Station from 1977 to 1980 and Spruance class combat systems engineer at Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) until 1982. He is currently the NAVSEA project manager for long range missile weapon systems. Captain Chenard has been a member of American Society of Naval Engineers since 1981. Dr. Glen R. Moore:received his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Wichita State University in 1967 and his M.S. and PhD degrees in mechanical engineering from Arizona State University in 1969 and 1971. Since 1971 he has been employed by the Naval Surface Weapons Center Dahlgren Virginia. He has been extensively involved in the analysis and testing of Navy gun and missile system launch environments and their effects on personnel equipment and ships. Dr. Moore has authored numerous reports and papers on gun blast and rocket motor plume environments. He is currently a member of the JANNAF Exhaust Plume Technology Subcommittee. Micheal M. Kordich:received his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Akron Ohio in 1977. He has been employed by the Naval Surface Weapons Center Dahlgren Virginia since 1978. Mr. Kordich has been involved in the testing of Navy gun and missile systems to determine their effects on personnel equipment and ships since 1979.

The Navy has recently completed development of a booster rocket motor, MK 70, for use with the new Standard missile. The new missile will be deployed on Terrier new threat upgrade (NTU) ships. This paper describes the shipboard integration program directed by the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) to insure that ship safety and survivability would not be degraded upon deployment of SM-2 missiles with the MK 70 booster. At-sea and land based tests were conducted to evaluate missile launcher and ship compatibility with the new missile system and to insure increased operational capabilities. The results of these tests are described along with the ship, launcher, and missile modifications determined necessary for the safe integration of the SM-2 into the Terrier ships.

关键词： WARSHIPS

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