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IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Andreia Pinto João Viana Diogo Martinho Vítor Crista José Miguel Diniz Joana Reis João Matos David Greer Goreti Marreiros Alberto Freitas Department of Community Medicine Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS) Faculty of Medicine Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS) University of Porto Porto Portugal Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD) Institute of Engineering Polytechnic of Porto Porto Portugal Health Data Science PhD Program Faculty of Medicine Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS) University of Porto Lisboa Portugal CLOO - Behavioral Insights Unit Faculty of Psychology CICPSI - Research Center for Psychological Science University of Lisbon Lisboa Portugal Behavioral Insights Unit CLOO Porto Portugal Behavioral Insights Unit CLOO Lisboa Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9781665497923

ISBN: (纸本)9781665497930

Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly prevalent disease and patients do not always manage the disease properly. Therefore, creating tools that help diabetics self-manage their condition over time is of the utmost importance. Technological tools that include features meeting this population's needs, with an integrated personalized feedback system, in an environment of gamified incentives, may be the way for developing a sustained app's usage. This work aims to present a still in development, novel approach to managing diabetes type 2 with a focus on data analysis from user-inputs, gamification, and personalized coaching, with an accessible user interface. Thus, we will present some functionalities, in particular the theoretical and practical concept that is behind this development, namely the Transtheoretical model of behavior change to create different profiles, to provide customized feedback according to the user's behavioral stage, and also to ascertain if it induces any improvement at the behavioral level.

关键词： Computers Data analysis Computational modeling User interfaces Diabetes Behavioral sciences Mobile applications

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Hydrogen sulfide coordinates glucose metabolism switch through destabilizing tetrameric pyruvate kinase M2

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Nature Communications 2024年第1期15卷 7463页

作者： Wang, Rong-Hsuan Chen, Pin-Ru Chen, Yue-Ting Chen, Yi-Chang Chu, Yu-Hsin Chien, Chia-Chen Chien, Po-Chen Lo, Shao-Yun Wang, Zhong-Liang Tsou, Min-Chen Chen, Ssu-Yu Chiu, Guang-Shen Chen, Wen-Ling Wu, Yi-Hsuan Wang, Lily Hui-Ching Wang, Wen-Ching Lin, Shu-Yi Kung, Hsing-Jien Wang, Lu-Hai Cheng, Hui-Chun Lin, Kai-Ti Institute of Biotechnology National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Medical Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan School of Medicine National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Life Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan College of Medical Science and Technology PhD Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Chiese Medicine Research Center and Institute of Integrated Medicine China Medical University Taichung City Taiwan

Most cancer cells reprogram their glucose metabolic pathway from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis for energy production. By reducing enzyme activity of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), cancer cells attain a greater fraction of glycolytic metabolites for macromolecule synthesis needed for rapid proliferation. Here we demonstrate that hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) destabilizes the PKM2 tetramer into monomer/dimer through sulfhydration at cysteines, notably at C326, leading to reduced PKM2 enzyme activity and increased PKM2-mediated transcriptional activation. Blocking PKM2 sulfhydration at C326 through amino acid mutation stabilizes the PKM2 tetramer and crystal structure further revealing the tetramer organization of PKM2-C326S. The PKM2-C326S mutant in cancer cells rewires glucose metabolism to mitochondrial respiration, significantly inhibiting tumor growth. In this work, we demonstrate that PKM2 sulfhydration by H₂S inactivates PKM2 activity to promote tumorigenesis and inhibiting this process could be a potential therapeutic approach for targeting cancer metabolism. © The Author(s) 2024.

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Bi-path Architecture of CNN Segmentation and Classification Method for Cervical Cancer Disorders Based on Pap-smear Images

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of Computer science 2021年第3期48卷 1-9页

作者： Desiani, Anita Erwin, Member Suprihatin, Bambang Yahdin, Sugandi Putri, Ajeng I. Husein, Fathur R. Assistant Professor of Mathematics Department and Phd candidate of Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya30662 Indonesia Associate Professor of Computer Engineering Department Computer Science Faculty Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya30662 Indonesia Associate Professor of Mathematics Department Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya30662 Indonesia Head of Mathematics Department Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya30662 Indonesia Undergraduate student of Mathematics Department Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya30662 Indonesia An undergraduate student of Mathematics Department Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya30662 Indonesia

This paper is concern about segmentation on pap smear images to use for classification cervical cancer. A cervical cancer screening by recognizing the cell shape pattern on the Pap-smear image can provide information about the presence of cervical cancer Pap-smear. The manual screening process for classifying cells is a challenging endeavor prone to the risk of error. There are several studies on the classification of cervical cell images which are sometimes not segmented first. Segmentation is very important to get the features contained in the image of cervical cells including the cell nucleus and cytoplasm. However, the segmentation results are also determined by the quality of images. This study proposed 2 paths that had a combination of image segmentation and classification. Before segmentation, image enhancement was carried out to improve image quality using Normalization, CLAHE and Adaptive Gamma Correction. The first path, the segmentation based on the CNN architecture. The second path is a classification process to test the segmentation results used by applying the KNN and ANN methods. The accuracy (ACC) result at the segmentation path was used to measure the match between the location of the segmented pixels and the results on ground truth, while the accuracy at the classification path was the success of the machine in classifying or predicting the segmentation results based on the class label for each group according normal and abnormal Pap-smear's label. The ACC result obtained in segmentation was only 0.77. However, the results of the segmentation when used in classification to classify which Pap-smears were normal and which are abnormal could provide excellent accuracy results, which were above 0.9. The results of the performance of Sensitivity (SN), Specificity (SP) and F1-score on the segmentation path also only gave results below 0.72, but the performance on the classification path that used the results on the segmentation path gave well results, wh

关键词： Image enhancement

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Thermalization of fluorescent protein exciton-polaritons at room temperature

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Satapathy, Sitakanta Liu, Bin Deshmukh, Prathmesh Molinaro, Paul M. Dirnberger, Florian Khatoniar, Mandeep Koder, Ronald L. Menon, Vinod M. Department of Physics Center for Discovery and Innovation The City College of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New YorkNY10031 United States The PhD Program in Physics The Graduate Center of the City University of New York 365 5th Ave New YorkNY10016 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) have recently emerged as a serious contender for realizing ultra-low threshold room temperature exciton-polariton condensation and lasing. Our contribution investigates the thermalization of FP microcavity exciton-polaritons upon optical pumping under ambient conditions. We realize polariton cooling using a new FP molecule, called mScarlet, coupled strongly to the optical modes in a Fabry-Pérot cavity. Interestingly, at the threshold excitation energy (fluence) of ~9 nJ/pulse (15.6 mJ/cm2), we observe an effective temperature, Teff ~350 ± 35 K close to the lattice temperature indicative of strongly thermalized exciton-polaritons at equilibrium. This efficient thermalization results from the interplay of radiative pumping facilitated by the energetics of the lower polariton branch and the cavity Qfactor. Direct evidence for dramatic switching from an equilibrium state into a metastable state is observed for the organic cavity polariton device at room temperature via deviation from the Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics at k1 = 0 above the threshold. Thermalized polariton gases in organic systems at equilibrium hold substantial promise for designing room temperature polaritonic circuits, switches, and lattices for analog simulation. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Polariton

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High-resolution dynamic imaging of chromatin DNA communication using Oligo-LiveFISH

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Cell 2025年第12期188卷 3310-3328.e27页

作者： Zhu, Yanyu Balaji, Ashwin Han, Mengting Andronov, Leonid Roy, Anish R. Wei, Zheng Chen, Crystal Miles, Leanne Cai, Sa Gu, Zhengxi Tse, Ariana Yu, Betty Chentzu Uenaka, Takeshi Lin, Xueqiu Spakowitz, Andrew J. Moerner, W.E. Qi, Lei S. Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Biophysics PhD Program Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Computational Biology Program Public Health Sciences Division and Translational Data Science IRC Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center Seattle 98109 WA United States Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford 94305 CA United States Sarafan ChEM-H Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco 94080 CA United States

Three-dimensional (3D) genome dynamics are crucial for cellular functions and disease. However, real-time, live-cell DNA visualization remains challenging, as existing methods are often confined to repetitive regions, suffer from low resolution, or require complex genome engineering. Here, we present Oligo-LiveFISH, a high-resolution, reagent-based platform for dynamically tracking non-repetitive genomic loci in diverse cell types, including primary cells. Oligo-LiveFISH utilizes fluorescent guide RNA (gRNA) oligo pools generated by computational design, in vitro transcription, and chemical labeling, delivered as ribonucleoproteins. Utilizing machine learning, we characterized the impact of gRNA design and chromatin features on imaging efficiency. Multi-color Oligo-LiveFISH achieved 20-nm spatial resolution and 50-ms temporal resolution in 3D, capturing real-time enhancer and promoter dynamics. Our measurements and dynamic modeling revealed two distinct modes of chromatin communication, and active transcription slows enhancer-promoter dynamics at endogenous genes like FOS. Oligo-LiveFISH offers a versatile platform for studying 3D genome dynamics and their links to cellular processes and disease. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： CRISPR imaging DNA communication dynamic tracking enhancer-promoter interaction high-resolution imaging live DNA imaging non-repetitive genome imaging Oligo-LiveFISH polymer modeling primary cell

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Fate and state transitions during human blood vessel organoid development

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Cell 2025年第12期188卷 3329-3348.e31页

作者： Nikolova, Marina T. He, Zhisong Seimiya, Makiko Jonsson, Gustav Cao, Wuji Okuda, Ryo Wimmer, Reiner A. Okamoto, Ryoko Penninger, Josef M. Camp, J. Gray Treutlein, Barbara Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering ETH Zurich Basel Switzerland Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria Vienna BioCenter PhD Program Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1030 Austria Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Roche Innovation Center Basel Switzerland Department of Medical Genetics Life Science Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 BC Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research Braunschweig Germany Institute of Human Biology Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Roche Innovation Center Basel Basel Switzerland Biozentrum University of Basel Basel Switzerland

Human blood vessel organoids (hBVOs) have emerged as a system to model human vascular development and disease. Here, we use single-cell multi-omics together with genetic and signaling pathway perturbations to reconstruct hBVO development. Mesodermal progenitors bifurcate into endothelial and mural fates in vitro, and xenografted BVOs acquire definitive arteriovenous endothelial cell specification. We infer a gene regulatory network and use single-cell genetic perturbations to identify transcription factors (TFs) and receptors involved in cell fate specification, including a role for MECOM in endothelial and mural specification. We assess the potential of BVOs to generate organotypic states, identify TFs lacking expression in hBVOs, and find that induced LEF1 overexpression increases brain vasculature specificity. Finally, we map vascular disease-associated genes to hBVO cell states and analyze an hBVO model of diabetes. Altogether, we provide a comprehensive cell state atlas of hBVO development and illuminate the power and limitation of hBVOs for translational research. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： arteriovenous specification human blood vessel organoid human development organoid cell atlas single-cell genomics single-cell perturbation screen

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Identification and Prevention of Glaucoma Through Digital Processing of Biomedical Imaging by the Relationship Between Volume of Nerve Fibers and Intraocular Pressure

Identification and Prevention of Glaucoma Through Digital Pr...

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AHFE Virtual Conference on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Healthcare and Medical Devices, and the International Conference on Human Factors in Aging and Special Needs, 2020

作者： Pinos-Vélez, Eduardo Chazi, Marlon Cajamarca, Christian Robles-Bykbaev, Vladimir Chacón, Carlos Luis Ipanaqué, William Serpa-Andrade, Luis GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies and GIIB Research Group on Biomedical Engineering Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador Ecuadorian Society of Glaucoma Clinical Santa Lucía Quito Ecuador PhD of Engineering Computer Science and Control DICOP Universidad de Piura Piura Peru

ISBN: (纸本)9783030508371

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide and the first in an irreversible way, many of the studies and investigations are concentrated in methods of control and treatment, however, there are few studies carried out in the areas of prevention and early detection of glaucoma, so, in this research presents the effect of increased intraocular pressure in the optic nerve, especially in damage caused in the layer of nerve fibers and their impact with the visual field, To do this, you work with background images of human eye, obtained from the Clinic "Santa Lucia", digital image processing to characterize parameters that determine a presumptive diagnosis of glaucoma suspect, the results are presented to specialists for a medical diagnosis. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Optical tomography

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The influence of immersion in buffer systems simulating body fluids on properties and morphology of octacalcium phosphate granules 15

The influence of immersion in buffer systems simulating body...

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15th International Russian-Chinese Symposium on Advanced Materials and Processes

作者： Mikheeva, P.V. Teterina, A.Yu. Smirnov, I.V. Fedotov, A.Yu. Komlev, V.S. Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS PhD in Materials Engineering Leninskii pr. 49 Moscow117334 Russia

Octacalcium phosphate is the precursor of biological apatite, that is why it is of special interest in bone regeneration due to it's biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study was performed to examine the in vitro stability of octacalcium phosphate granules in physiological solutions. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data were obtained before and after granules immersion. The variation of Ca2+ and HPO42- concentration in the soaking solutions suggests that the material transformation occurs through octacalcium phosphate dissolution followed by hydroxyapatite precipitation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Body fluids

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Proposal for a Support Tool for the Study of Corneal Biomechanics and Its Influence in the Human Eye 1st

Proposal for a Support Tool for the Study of Corneal Biomech...

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1st International Conference on Advances in Emerging Trends and Technologies, ICAETT 2019

作者： Cordero, María Isabel Coronel, Roberto Pinos-Vélez, Eduardo Ipanque, William Chacón, Carlos Luis GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies and GIIB Research Group on Biomedical Engineering at Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador PhD of Engineering Computer Science and Control Universidad de Piura Piura Peru Board Member of the Ecuadorian Society of Glaucoma Clinical Santa Lucía Quito Ecuador

ISBN: (纸本)9783030320218

In search of more effective methods in the diagnosis vision and reduce the risk of post-operative ectasia, this article considers the importance of the biomechanical properties of the cornea and its close relationship with the development of corneal and possible conditions diseases in the human eye. For that reason, part of the literature is the review and analysis of the methods raised to remove accurate information from medical equipment, especially in the equipment Oculus Corvis and ORA from the Clinic "Santa Lucia" in the city of Quito. The corneal indices derived from these instruments can measure biomechanical parameters, but that is not accurate because of features such as geometry or thickness of the central corneal. The Young’s modulus corresponds to the elasticity of the corneal tissue. In addition, it is an important biomechanical feature that states different solutions for their extraction in vitro or in vivo through the use of numerical methods and/or modeling of complex systems of equations to simulate the real corneal tissue. There is also the obtaining of the elasticity of the cornea through processes of images of the human eye, which shows the action of the cornea at the time of using the tonometer. As a result, it demonstrate, in some cases, that the Young’s modulus relates only to the intraocular pressure, but also in other cases, it changes due to the increase of other factors such as age of people, corneal resistance, the central cornea thickness, etc. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Elasticity

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Proposal for a Tool for the Calculation of Toric Intraocular Lens Using Multivariate Regression 1st

Proposal for a Tool for the Calculation of Toric Intraocular...

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1st International Conference on Advances in Emerging Trends and Technologies, ICAETT 2019

作者： Castillo-Cabrera, Johanna Pucha-Ortiz, Nataly Pinos-Velez, Eduardo Ipanque, William Chacón, Carlos Luis GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies and GIIB Research Group on Biomedical Engineering at Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador PhD of Engineering Computer Science and Control Universidad de Piura Piura Peru Board Member of the EcuadoRian Society of Glaucoma Clinical Santa Lucía Quito Ecuador

ISBN: (纸本)9783030320218

A common cause of loss of vision for humans is lens opacity, or cat aracts, which prevent patients from having a full field of vision and lower their visual acuities. Cataracts can be corrected for by replacing the opaque lens with a toric intraocular lens. The calculation for the placement of the toric lens is exceedingly important for the patient´s recovery of vision. Some houses, take date form medical equipment and perform the calculation, but more depends on the experience of the treating physician to ensure the desired effectiveness and efficiency, For this reason, in this investigation, the proposal is presented to perform the calculation, in addition, the approach to simulation of the placement of the lens inside the eye, especially in its axial length and depth in the anterior chamber, determinants for short, medium and long distance with an automatic focus and appropriate, in like manner, the results are exposed to the specialists of the clinic "Santa Lucia" in the city of Quito. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Intraocular lenses

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